2021届高考英语真题模拟测试卷（新课标卷）（五）【含答案解析】.pdf

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1、2021届高考英语精选真题模拟测试卷（新课标卷）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第 一 节（共 15小题；每小题2 分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Most Beautiful Islands in the WorldMo*orea,French PolynesiaMoorea is surely one of the most beautiful islands in the world!Mo,orea is a place to relax andappreciate the quietness and beauty

2、 of nature.Experience the islands authentic（正宗的）Tahitian cultureand explore beautiful nature on foot.Pass by white churches and sleepy fishing villages,and stop alongthe way to buy some fruit,fresh tuna or an ice-cold coconut.Kauai,HawaiiKauai is also named the garden island*.On the south shore,youl

3、l find sites with cultural,historical,and geological significance alongside beautiful beaches.The island of Kauai has featured inmore than seventy Hollywood movies and television shows,notably Raiders of the Lost Ark,Jurassic侏罗纪）Park and Jurassic World.Sri LankaSri Lanka has long appealed to the adv

4、enturers,with mountains to climb,thick forests to explore andancient shipwrecks（沉船）to discover in its warm Indian Ocean waters.There are beautiful beaches,butwith so much to see and do,finding the time to lie back and relax might prove to be a challenge.Whetheron land or out at sea,exploration alway

5、s calls and the curiosity cannot be resisted.Ko Phi Phi Don,ThailandThe Ko Phi Phi Don is located in the Andaman Sea,a marginal sea of the Indian Ocean.Located offthe west coast of southern Thailand,it offers an interesting range of plants and animal species.The islandguides can take you to the amaz

6、ing forest where youll see many animals,like monkeys,snakes and wildbirds.1 .Which island often appears in the films and TV shows?A.Sri Lanka.B.Kauai,HawaiiC.Ko Phi Phi Don,Thailand.D.Mo,orea,French Polynesia.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据 Kauai,Hawaii 部分最后一句 The island of Kauai,Hawai.and JurassicWorld.”可知，夏威夷的考

7、爱岛出现在以 夺宝奇兵 朱罗纪公园和 株罗纪世界为代表的七十多部好莱均电影和电视节目中，故选B 项。2.What can you see on the Ko Phi Phi Don?A.Thick forests and ancient shipwrecks.B.Interesting plants and animal species.C.Ancient dinosaur fossils and parksD.White churches and sleepy fishing villages.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据 Ko Phi Phi Don,ThaiIand 部分第二句 L

8、ocated off the west.an interestingrange of plants and animal species.”可知，在泰国的皮皮岛可以看到各种有趣丰富的动植物，故选B项。3.Where does this text probably come from?A.A travel guidebook.B.A novel website.C.A pet magazine.D.A news story.【答案】A【解析】推理判断题。综观全文，尤其根据文章标题和各部分小标题可知，文章介绍了四个世界上最美丽的岛屿。由此可知，文章最有可能选自旅游手册，故选A 项。BDr.Aman

9、da Harris was ready for sleep since it was already 11 pm.The phone rang.On the other endof the line was a woman about to break a promise.The woman was her mothers neighbor.Flora Harrishad made the neighbor swear she wouldnt tell her daughter shed had a heart attack and was in hospital.The neighbor w

10、isely decided to disobey orders.Amanda desperately wanted to get to the hospital immediately,but she couldnt.She lives in WashingtonD.C.,and her mother lives in California.For the past year and a half,Amanda has gone to Los Angelesevery other month to take care of her mother.Flora Harris takes care

11、of her husband,James,who is 91and has Alzheimers disease.They live in their own home,and a caregiver comes to help them a fewhours a day.Amanda is one of many Americans facing the heartache of how to take care of aging parentsfrom afar.Shes often worried and guilty,not to mention busy with a demandi

12、ng job,two teenagedaughters and the frequent trips to California.In some ways,Amanda is lucky.She has the resources to make the trips to Los Angeles.Plus,she is adoctor who treats the elderly.Shes treated countless patients whose children live far away.“But its still tough,“she says.I can foresee wh

13、at the next few years are going to look like,and itsnot a pretty picture.There will come a time when my father wont recognize me and I worry hes going tobe violent and hurt my mother.So what do you do when you live a continent away from your aging,sick parents?You can hire someone to help,but you ca

14、nt count on it completely.4.Why is Amanda worried and guilty?A.She is tired of taking care of her husband.B.She cannot afford to go to California often.C.She cannot take good care of her aging parents.D.She has heart disease and cannot do a demanding job.【答案】.C【解析】细节理解题。由第三段第一句Amanda is one of many

15、Americans facing the heartache of howto take care of aging parents from afar.可知Amanda之所以担心、愧疚，是因为她无法很好地照顾远方自己年迈的父母，故 C 项正确。5.The author considers Amanda luckyA.her parents are well cared for by a caregiverB.she has experience of treating the elderlyC.her parents are not very oldD.she has a lot of fr

16、ee time【答案】.B【解析】细节理解题。由第四段最后一句Shes treated countless patients whose children live faraway.”可知，Amanda是幸运的，原因是她是一名医生，照顾过无数远离子女的病人，即她有照顾老人的经验。6.Whats one of the symptoms of a person with Alzheimersdisease?A.Having no sense of pain.B.Having heart attacks often.C.Always feeling worried and guilty.D.Bein

17、g unable to recognize relatives.【答案】.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段的There will come a time when my father wont recognize me”可知，Amanda的父亲患有早老性痴呆病Amanda担心他有一天会不认得自己，故早老性痴呆病的症状之一为无法认出自己的亲属。7.The writer writes this passage in order to.A.stress the importance of tending aging parentsB.give some advice on tending aging

18、 parents from afarC.introduce the current situation of aging parents in the USAD.show the difficulty of tending aging parents living far away【答案】.D【解析】推理判断题。文章围绕着Amanda无法很好地照顾远方年迈父母的事情来叙述，故文章的主要目的是说明照顾住在远方的年迈父母的困难。CIn the winter of 1664-1665,bitter cold fell on London in the days before Christmas.Ab

19、ove the city,an unusually bright comet（替星）shot across the sky,exciting many predictions of a snowstorm.Outsidethe city wall,a woman was pronounced dead because of a disease that was spreading in that area.Herhouse was locked up.By the following Christmas,the virus that had killed the woman would go

20、on to kill nearly 100,000people living in and around London-almost a third of those who did not flee.In The Great Plague（瘟疫）:The Story of Londons Most Deadly Year,historian A.Lloyd Moote andmicrobiologist Dorothy C.Moote provide a deeply informed account of this plague year.Reading thebook,readers a

21、re taken from the palaces of the city*s wealthiest citizens to the poor areas where the vastmajority of Londoners were living,and to the surrounding countryside with those who fled.The Mootespoint out that,even at the height of the plague,the city did not fall into chaos.Doctors,nurses and thechurch

22、 staff remained in the city to care for the sick;city officials tried their best to fight the crisis withall the legal tools;commerce continued even as businesses shut down.To describe life and death in and around London,the authors focus on the experiences of nineindividuals.Through their letters a

23、nd diaries,the Mootes offer fresh descriptions of key issues in thehistory of the Great Plague:How different communities understood and experienced the disease;howmedical,religious,and governmental bodies reacted;how well the social order was kept;the economicand moral dilemmas people faced when the

24、y were debating whether to flee the city;and the nature of thematerial,social,and spiritual resources supporting those who remained.Based on humanity（人，性）,theauthors offer a masterful portrait of a city and its inhabitants attacked by-and daringlyresisting-unimaginable horror.8.What can we learn fro

25、m Paragraph 1?A.A comet always follows a storm.B.London was under an approaching threat.C.London was prepared for the disease.D.The woman was the beginning of the disease.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段的内容可知，一名妇女死于瘟疫，之后伦敦市及周边几 乎 10万人死于这场瘟疫。由此可知，从第一段的内容可以看出伦敦当时面临着临近的瘟疫的威胁，故选B 项。9.What do the Mootes say abou

26、t London during the Great Plague?A.The city remained organized.B.The rich areas were spared from the plague.C.The people tried a lot in vain.D.The majority fled and thus survived.【答案】A 解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“even at the height of th plague,the city did not fall into chaos可知，在瘟疫高峰期，伦敦市仍没有陷入混乱，A 项符合语境，organ

27、ized意 为“有序的”。10.Why do the Mootes focus on the nine individuals?A.They were famous people in history.B.They all managed to survive the plague.C.They provided vivid stories of humanity.D.They united by thinking and acting as one.【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的Through their letter and diaries,the Mootes offer

28、freshdescriptions of key issues in th history of the Great Plague”可知，通过这几个人的信和日记，这本书的作者新颖生动地描述了伦敦大瘟疫时期的一些重大问题。故 C 项。C 项中的vivid与原文中的fresh意思相近。11.Whats the purpose of this text?A.To introduce a new book.B.To correct a misunderstanding.C.To report a new study.D.To show respect to the authors.【答案】A【解析】推

29、理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中的“Reading the book,readers are taken from.”和第四段的第一句以及最后句中的the authors offer.可知，本文是在为读者介绍本新书，故选A 项。DBacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms（微生物）from our bodiesgrow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours clea

30、ningthem up each week.How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem?Its turning to a bunch ofhigh school kids.But not just any kids.It depending on NASA HUNCH high school classrooms,like theone science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport,New York.HU

31、NCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past twoyears,Gordons students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity,and they think theyreclose to a solution（解决方案）.“We dont give the students any breaks.They have to do it just likeNASA engineers,says F

32、lorence Gold,a project manager.There are no tests,Gordon says.There is no graded homework.There almost are no grades,other than*Are you working towards your goal?1 Basically,its Tve got to produce this product and then,at the end of year,present it to NASA.1 Engineers come and really do an in-person

33、 review,and.its not avery nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact（影响）on college admissions and practical lifeskills.These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back.I dont teach.M And that annoyingbacteria?Gordon says

34、 his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem,readyinga workable solution to test in space.12.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?A.They are hard to get rid of.B.They lead to air pollution.C.They appear in different forms.D.They damage the i

35、nstruments.【答案】.A【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：我们对国际空间站的细菌的了解有哪些？根据题干中的关键词 bacteria in the International Space Slalion 可定位至第一段。根据第一段中 Bacieria are anannoying problem for astronauts.The microorganisms from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfacesof the International Space Station,so astronauts spend hours clean

36、ing them up each week.可知，国际空间站的细菌非常难处理，所以选择A 项。B:它们导致空气污染；C:它们以不同的形式出现；D:它们毁坏仪器13.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.B.To sharpen students,communication skills.C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.D.To link space technology with schooledu

37、cation.【答案】.D【解析】细节理解题。本题题干意为：HUNCH项目的目的是什么？第二段第一句HUNCH isdesigned to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.（HUNCH 的设计目的是将高中教室与 NASA的工程师联系在一起。）中的high school classrooms与 D 选项中的school ed-ucation（学校教育）对应，NASA engineers与 D 选项中的space lechnol-ogy（空间技术）对应，故选D。A:为了加强师生关系：B:为了提升学生的交流技能；C:为 让学生体验

38、失重14.What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?A.Check their product.B.Guide project designs.C.Adjust work schedules.D.Grade their homework.【答案】.A【解析】推理判断题。本题题干意为：NASA的工程师为参加此项目的学生做了些什么？根据题干中的 NASA engineers do 口 J定位至第三段的 Engineers come and really do an in-person review,and.it*s

39、not a very nice thing at times.Its a hard business review of your product,句中两次出现review（检查，审查），证明NASA的工程师做的事情就是对学生做出的研究结果进行检查，所以答案是A 项。B:指导项目设计；C:调整工作时间表；D:给他们的作业打分。15.What is the best title for the text?A.NASA:The Home of Astronauts B.Space:The Final Homework FrontierC.Nature:An Outdoor Classroom D.

40、HUNCH:A College Admission Reform【答案】.B【解析】主旨大意题。本题题干意为：最适合本文的标题是什么？本文主要介绍HUNCH项目，这个项目是有关太空研究的，而且研究者都是高中生。根据以上要点可知，最 佳 选 项 是 B 项（Space:The Final Homework Frontier）,Space 对应太空研究，Homework 对应高中教育，Frontier（前沿）突 出 了 这 个 项 目 的 领 先 性。A:NASA:The Home of Astronauts,文 章 并 非 重 点 介 绍NASA;C:Nature:An Outdoor Clas

41、s-room,Nature 并不聚焦太空领域；D:HUNCH:A College AdmissionReform,HUNCH项目不是大学入学改革第 二 节（共 5 小题；每小题2 分，满 分 10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagine you are on a long car trip.It is night and you take a wrong turn onto a dark country road.With a sinking feeling,you realize that you have no idea wher

42、e you are.16,and the answer is written by light.A shining compass face,withnorth,south,east and west at the four points,and a big needle is pointing at north.What a relief!Youturn your car around and head in the right direction guided by the sky.For migratory birds,finding their way over long distan

43、ces through the darkest nights is theirsecond nat ur e.17-directions written by light and magnetism（磁力）.Some birds travelthousands of miles in their twice-yearly journeys.18_,like mountain ranges andrivers,to help decide the directions;but birds may also navigate by using the stars,and sensing or ev

44、enseeing the Earthfs invisible magnetic field.For many years,scientists have been studying whats behind the strong ability of migratory birds tofind their way to their winter and summer homes.Here is one thing that they agree on.19.This compass leads them to make their very first in the direction th

45、at has been thedight in the traveled by the rest of their s peci es.20.A.Then you glance up the skyB.They do it in part by reading directions in the skyC.So birds are born knowing which way their home isD.Magnetism is important for all animals,especially birds and fishesE.When theyre on the way,they

46、 take advantage of familiar landmarksF.Migratory baby birds are already equipped with a kind of natural inner compassG.In birds,migration means two-way journeys-the onward journey and the backward journey16.【答案】A【解析】语境推断。匕 文描述了一个场景，即想象你驾车时迷失了方向；根据空后的the answer iswritten by lighl及选项可知，A 项（然后你仰望天空）符合语

47、境。A 项中的you呼应第一段描述的场景中的主语you。17.【答案】B【解析】复现推断。上文讲到，对于迁徙的鸟来说，在长途跋涉中找到方向穿过黑夜是它们的第二天性；根据空后内容可知，此处应是解释原因。故 B 项（一定程度上，它们是通过识别天空中的方位来做到的）与此处语义连贯。B 项中的directions与空后的directions相呼应。18.【答案】E【解析】语境推断。本段主要讲的是迁徙的鸟在飞行过程中辨别方向的方法。根据空后的likemountain ranges and rivers和这项可知，E 项中的familiar landmarks与此处语义相吻合。故 E 项（在鸟儿的飞行途中

48、，它们利用熟悉的地标）符合语境。19.【答案】F【解析】复现推断。下文提到，这种指南针可以引领它们进行第一次秋季迁徙；结合选项可知，F项中的inner compass与下一句中的This compass相呼应。故 F 项（候鸟的幼鸟已经具备 一种天生的体内指南针）符合语境。2 0.【答案】C【解析】逻辑推断。上文讲了候鸟具备辨别方向的能力的原因，由此推知，此处应阐述结果；结合选项可知，C 项（所以，鸟儿天生知道回家的路）符合语境。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选

49、出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Where do you go when you want to learn something?School?A friend?A tutor?These are all 21places of learning.But it may well be that the learning you really want 22 somewhere else instead.I had the 23of seeing this first hand on a 24.My daughter plays on a recreational soccer team.They

50、did well this season and so 25 atournament,which normally was only for more skilled club teams.This led to some 26 experienceson Saturday as they played against teams 27 trained.Through the first two games,her 28 didnot get one serious shot on goal.As a parent,I 29 seeing my daughter playing her bes