2021届普通高等学校招生统一考试英语模拟预测卷四（新课标）.pdf

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1、【新课标】2021普通高等学校招生统一考试模拟预测卷四英语试题（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AOcean Today serves as a gate to

2、 the most useful and interesting websites and organizations on oceanscience and culture,to thousands of ocean-based curricula and educational resources,to our Ocean Directoryof over 18,00（）ocean organizations worldwide.Our knowledge of the ocean today goes beyond the limits of a distant horizon and

3、mysterious deep.Through exploration and scientific research,we have begun to learn more about its physical elements,itscultural contributions,and its interaction with other natural systems-climate and fresh water,forexample-that apply directly to our personal,financial,and social welfare.World Ocean

4、 Observatory advocates for the ocean through independent,responsible,non-politicalscience,and is dedicated to advancing public understanding of ocean issues through institutional cooperationand partnerships,pro-active programs,and connection with individual subscribers around the world.Extreme Weath

5、er keeps us informed of the undated severe weather conditions around the world,including vivid images and reports of hurricanes and typhoons,tsunamis and waves,droughts.How do CO2emissions（排放）or global warming affect our weather?Is there a connection between our behavior and thesephenomena?How can w

6、e protect ourselves from the destructive effect?n Forum,dedicated to voices for change in ocean policy and action worldwide,is linking unexpectedpeople with unexpected ideas and offering a knowledgeable outlet for research,opinion and storytelling.Toinquire about becoming a contributing writer,or to

7、 contribute to our Solutions Within Reach series,pleasecontact us at director .A contribution,in any amount,helps to further advance global ocean communications.We areinforming millions of individuals around the globe,building political will,and changing the future bychanging global perspectives of

8、human impacts on the ocean while sharing the knowledge that the seaconnects all things.1.What is the function of Ocean Today?A.An entry to ocean-based information.B.A platform to exchange resources.C.A window to learn more about ecology.D.An inspiration to explore more about seas.2.What does Extreme

9、 Weather focus on?A.Finding out the driving force behind the nature.B.Promoting global cooperation to a better world.C.Offering information about latest weather change.D.Processing data of greenhouse gas emissions.3.If someone wants to make his voice heard,he might probably c h o o s e.A.Ocean Direc

10、tory B.World Ocean ObservatoryC.Extreme Weather D.World Ocean ForumBRome wasnt built in a day.And neither was the Roman subway system.Underground work is slowgoing,because construction workers often meet with frescoes（壁画）and other valuable stone foundationsthousands of years ago.And a few years ago,

11、they found the wooden foundations of a luxurious porch from aRoman building.So local archaeologists called in Mauro Bernabei of the National Research Council of Italy.Hes adendrochronologist:someone who analyzes tree rings,which give age and environmental information.We have to study wood because it

12、s full,really full,of information!Bernabei and his team found thatthe wooden planks were oak（橡木）.But the woods origin was harder to determine.So they compared thetree rings in the oak floor to those available in libraries of tree rings that contain timber from?all over Europe.And they found a match

13、for the Roman woodfrom the Jura region of eastern France,more than 600 milesaway.The researchers also determined that it was used in about 40 to 60 B.C.And some came from treesalready up to 300 years old when they were cut down.The details are in the journal PLOS ONE.The discovery is the first clear

14、 evidence of oak from north of the Alps being used to build ancient Rome.And its a reminder that the Romans had a complex trading network.These trees,for example,likely floateddown two rivers,across the Mediterranean and up another river to Rome.02/19Bernabei says Roman archaeologists usually destro

15、y ancient wood-its not as valuable as jewelry andvases and frescos.But hes hoping this study might change their minds.Save the wood,yes!And call me,ifyou dont want to save-please,call me!He says.4.Why does the subway in Rome go slowly?A.It is hard to dig up the earth in Rome.B,There are many ancient

16、 ruins buried here.C.It is very dangerous to work too fast in RomeD.The Roman are not experienced in building subways5.What can people learn from the wood foundations?A.The wealth in ancient Rome B.The trading information of ancient RomeC.The culture of ancient Rome D.The social relations of ancient

17、 Rome6.What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to?A.The stone B.The subwayC.The French wood D.The Roman foundation7.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Scientists found some information about ancient RomeB.Wood was not as valuable as stones in ancient RomeC.Only the rich people in anc

18、ient Rome could use woodD.Ancient Rome could have a rich trading network.CDespite growing concerns over tiny bits of plastic filling the worlds waterways,the long-termenvironmental effects of that waste remain unclear.Now an experiment on freshwater sediment（沉积物）communities exposed to microplastics

19、for over a year helps clarify how harmful this pollution can be.Researchers put trays（托盘）of sediment littered with different amounts of polystyrene（a very light softplastic）particles（颗粒）一ranging from 0 to 5 percent plastic in the bottom of an outdoor waterwaywhere bugs,snails and other little creatu

20、res colonized the mud.After 15 months,fewer organisms werefound living in the trays with 5 percent polystyrene than in trays with less plastic,largely because fewerNaididae worms lived in the most polluted mud.The trays with 0 to（）.5 percent microplastic averagedbetween about 500 and 800 worms per t

21、ray,while mud with 5 percent plastic averaged fewer than 300,researchers reported January 31 in Science Advances.That reduction in Naididae worms suggests that severe microplastic pollution can throw freshwaterecosystems out of balance.The 5 percent plastic concentration where researchers saw a majo

22、r drop in theNaididae worm population has more pollution than what is typically found in freshwater sediment,saysstudy coauthor Bart Koelmans,who studies aquatic ecology at Wageningen University&Research in theNetherlands.“Its a really important piece of work,“says Richard Thompson,who studies envir

23、onmental effects ofplastic pollution at the University of Plymouth in England but was not involved in the study.Most of ourunderstanding about the impacts of small pieces of plastic comes from laboratory studies over several weeks.The new experiment gets closer to assessing microplastics long-term,r

24、eal-world effects,“he says.Just because the researchers didnt observe a significant effect on these freshwater communities at lowerplastic concentrations“doesnt mean that there are no effects,says Ana Luisa Patrfcio Silva,anecotoxicologist at the University of Aveiro in Portugal not involved in the

25、work.Simply keeping a count ofthe organisms living in mud with a certain amount of pollution doesnt rule out the possibility thatmicroplastics weaken the creatures9 ability to function normally,she says.8.Whats the purpose of the experiment?A.To clear up the microplastics in waterways.B.To reduce pe

26、oples concerms over plastic pollution.C.To see how worms live in harmony with each other.D.To identify the harmful effect of plastic in waterways.9.What can we learn from paragraph 2?A.The theory of the experiment.B.The process of the experiment.C.The participants of the experiment.D.The significanc

27、e of the experiment.10.The author tells us that Naididae wo r ms.A.are the most sensitive to plastic B.are not affected by plastic pollutionC.are a sign of freshwater ecosystem balanceD.remain least in water with 1 percent plastic11.Whafs Anas attitude towards the findings?A.Favorable.B.Skeptical.C.

28、Ambiguous.D.Uncaring.D04/19For many Americans,regular exercise is a complicated commitment-one made at the beginning ofJanuary that fades out within weeks or months.Busy work schedules,a lack of motivation and uneasetowards exercising in public all contribute to the discouraging statistics that only

29、 around a quarter of adultsexercise enough per week.This month,enterptiser Trent Ward and designer Yves Behar are uncovering their design for a mirrorfitness system,Forme.Forme is reflective like a mirror,uses machine learning to heighten workouts,andoffers attachments including ankle belts,rope han

30、dles and a heart rale monitor.When not in use,the twoarms that form the resistance pulley（滑轮）system fold behind it and the display screen disappears,turningForme into a simple fulllength mirror.Interest in home exercise has particularly increased recently around the world.Home workout apps haveseen

31、a significant uptick in downloads,and trendy brands like Peloton have rolled out free virtual workoutsfor everyone stuck indoors.One French athlete who was kept away from others chose to run an entiremarathon on his 23-foot balcony.But beyond the new restrictions affecting daily workout routines,War

32、d and Behar are tapping into thesame concerns that have made every home workout appealing：the ability to save time and sweat in theprivacy of ones home.In an age of personal metrics（彳期量标准）-where one can measure their heart rateand sleep cycles with smart watches and train for marathons with AI smart

33、 sneakers-Ward and Behar wantto improve exercise through machine learning.Forme evaluates performance and adjusts weightsaccordingly.Easy access to performance data also makes it easier to track that progress and stay motivated.Though its too soon to tell if mirror gyms will be the trend of the late

34、 2010s to 2020s,Behar explainedthat having a screen in the home can become the basis for more than just fitness,such as shopping ortelemedicine.12.What does paragraph 2 mainly focus on?.A.The features of Forme.B.C.The reasons to develop Forme.D.13.How can Peloton benefit its users?A.By raising their

35、 interest in marathon.B.C.By keeping them far away from others.D.14.What makes home workout appealing accordingA.The better results than outdoor activities.B.C.The fresher air at home.D.The ways to operate Forme.The theory behind Forme.By offering them online workouts for free.By entertaining them w

36、ith all kinds of downloads.to paragraph 4?The privacy of home.The convenient access to mass data.15.What is the best title for the text?A.Can Forme Have More Powerful Functions?B.Does Regular Exercise Keep up with New Technology?C.Is the New Trend of Smart Machines at Home Fashionable?D.Is This AI一p

37、owered Mirror Gym the Future of Home Exercise?第 二 节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Get the Sleep Your Body NeedsBoil three to four large lettuce leaves in a cup of water for 15 minutes.Remove from heat,add twomints（薄荷），and drink just before you go to bed.Lettuce con

38、tains a sleep-inducing matter,which affects thebrain similarly to drugs.16.Give yourself a massage（按摩）.Slowly move the tips of your fingers around your eyes in a slow,circular motion.After minute,move down to your mouth,then to your neck and the back of your head.17.Take hot bath 90 to 120 minutes b

39、efore bedtime.A research study found that women withsleeplessness who took a hot bath during this period of time（water temperature approximately 105（F）,slept much better that night.18 And then it immediately dropped once they got out of the bath,readyingthem for sleep.19.Then,if you wake in the midd

40、le of the night and your mind starts going,you can quickly writewhat you dream about on the page,returning to sleep quickly by knowing you“caught“those thoughts.Maybe youre tired of feeling like youre not at your best or like youre not getting the sleep you need.20.Sign up fbr the National Sleep Fou

41、ndations Sleep Challenge today!A.It is harmless to your health.B.Then its time to take action immediately!C.The bath increased their center body temperature.D.Your body temperature will drop when you go to bed.E.Unlike taking drugs,of course,you wont run the risk of addiction!F.Keep a notebook at yo

42、ur bedside along with a gentle night-light and pen.G.Continue down your body until you find youre so relaxed that youre ready to sleep.06/19第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As temperatures approached 90 degrees in New York City last July 4t

43、h,three police officers went into aWhole Foods Market to get something cold to drink.What they walked into was 21.Once inside,they were 22 by a store security guard who asked for help with a(n)23thief.The woman in question didnt have the 24 of a career criminal.She was obviously 25,and her cheeks we

44、re wet with tears.The officers looked inside her bag.AH we saw was 26 of food.We didnt see anything else,“Cuevas said.T m hungry,“she 27 quietly.Caught on the spot,the woman no doubt 28 tobe put to jail for the crime of being hungry while poor.But the officers had other ideas.Well 29her fbod,“Sojo t

45、old the 30 security guard.There?d been no 31 among the three men,no 32 to see whether they were all in.Itwent unsaid.33.they picked up the womans bag and 34 her to a cash register,where eachchipped in$10 to pay the tab.She would not be 35 today.All the woman could do was silent 36 in gratitude.Cover

46、ing her face with a handkerchief and _37 her tears,she repeated,Thank you.”She wasnt the only one touched by this act of kindness.A man at the store posted a photo of what hed3 8 on Twitter.But 39 was never what the officers sought.As Sojo responded,When you see that someoneneeds you and theyre actu

47、ally hungry,its _40 _ to walk away from something like this.21.A.unrealisticB.descriptiveC.negativeD.dramatic22.A.avoidedB.eruptedC.approachedD.parked23.A.deliveredB.suspectedc.acceptedD.admitted24.A.skillB.lookc.instructionD.interest25.A.scaredB.devotedc.confusedD.disturbed26.A.samplesB,receiptsc.c

48、ontainersD.labels27.A.challengedB.explainedc.recommendedD.calculated28.A.threatenedB.determinedc.wantedD.expected29.A.clear upB.store upc.pay forD.ask for30.A.convincedB.preparedC.worriedD.surprised31.A.reportB.discussionC.conversationD.comment32.A.needB.wayC.opportunityD.escape33.A.Additionally B.S

49、tillC.InsteadD.Therefore34.A.sentB.restrictedC.droveD.accompanied35.A.arrestedB.developedC.replacedD.presented36.A.weepB.blameC.blessingD.arrangement37.A.wellingB.clearingC.dryingD.fencing38.A.spreadB.witnessedC.laidD.sponsored39.A.attentionB.rewardC.connectionD.observation40.A.essentialB.imaginaryC

50、.fantasticD.difficult第二节(共10小题；每小题15分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It was in the ninth year when I began to suffer 41.depression.My parents noticed but felt that since Idalways been 42.good child,this would not last long.43.(fortunate),it was not so.1 didnt have friends.Hardly could I share