时间状语从句讲解和练习中学教育高考英语中学教育中学课件.pdf

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1、时间状语从句 用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句根据其所表示的 时间不同，所使用的连词也不同。下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句：1 when 引导的从句：表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。例如：I was going out when a visitor came.(动词动作同时发生。)我正要出门，有客人来访。I shall tell her the good news when she comes.她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。小试牛刀：I found mother cooking for me.I go

2、t home.(when)_ He was listening to the radio when I home.(get)2while 引导的从句：表示“当过程中”，强调某一段时间内主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一 时期发生。由于 while 从句表示一个持续的行为，所以从句中要用持续性动词，并且持续性动词常用进行时态。例如：Keep an eye on my little sister while I am away.我不在时，请照看一下我的小妹妹。While we were watching TV,Jim came in.我们看电视的时候，Jim 进来了。小试牛刀：It start

3、ed to rain.We were playing football.(while)_ Lucy was cleaning the room Lily was listening to music.3as 引导的时间状语从句：表示“当 的时候；一边 一边 ；随着”，其从句的主语与主句的主 语往往是同一人或物。例如：She sang as she worked.她一边工作一边唱歌。=She was singing as she was working.I saw him as he was getting off the bus.正当他下公共汽车时,我看见了他。小试牛刀：we walked,w

4、e talked.You will grow wiser you grow older.4 before 引导的从句：一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。例如：I didn t know any English before I came here.我到这儿来之前，一点英语都不懂。例如：I had written my report before my father came back.小试牛刀：He bought the ticket he went to see the film.5 after 引导的从句：表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。例如：After he locked the

5、door,he left.他锁上门后，就走了。After he had finished his work,he played a game of chess with his friend.他做完工作后，和朋友下了一盘棋。小试牛刀：I will go out to play basketball with you.I finish my homework.(after)He left the classroom he had finished his homework the other day.6since 引导的从句：表示“自从 以来”，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时。主句中的

6、动词表 示动作延续的情况，一般用现在完成时。如果主句中的动词表示的不是延续的动作而是表示目前的状态，可用 一般现在时。例如：Since he met this good friend,he has made great progress in his studies.自从遇见了这个好朋友，他已在学习上取得了巨大的进步。例如：It is twenty years since she joined the Party.她入党二十年了。(主句中的动词表示的是状态，用现在时。)小试牛刀：it is five years since we last time.(meet)Mr green has tau

7、ght in that school since he(come)to China three years ago.7 until 引导的从句：表示一个动作持续到某一时刻。(1)表示“直到”，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。(2)表示“直到 才”，主句用否定式，从句用肯定。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬间动词时，必须用否定形式。例如：They worked until it was late.他们一直工作到天黑。She didn t go to bed until she finished her homework.她写完作业才睡觉。小试牛刀：All t

8、he people left.He waited.(until)_ He went to bed.his father came home._ 8as soon as 引导的从句表示“一 就”，强调动作紧密相连。例如：As soon as she came to the classroom,she began to read English.她一到教室，就开始读英语。的时间不同所使用的连词也不同下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句引导的从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前例如动词动作同时发生我正要出门有客人来访小试牛刀她来时我将生由于从句表示一个持续的行为

9、所以从句中要用持续性动词并且持续性动我不在时请照看一下我的小妹词常用进行时态例如妹我们看电视的时候进来了小试牛刀引导的时间状语从句表示当的时候一边一边随着其从句的主语与主句的句的动作发生在从句动作之前例如我这儿来之前一点英语都不懂例如小试牛刀引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后例如他锁上门后就走了他做完工作后和朋友下了一盘棋小试牛刀引导的从句表示自从以来从句中的动词一小试牛We start to sing.Its 12 oclock.(as soon as)_ 9.by the time 到。为止（所在句子的主句应用完成时）例如：By the time he gets there,his

10、 father has already gone.他到家的时候，他爸爸已经走了。小试牛By the time I got to school,the class.(begin)我到校时，已经开始上课知识扩展 1.it is+时间段+since+一般过去时（从。以来多长时间了）例如：it is five years since we met last time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。2.it is/will be+时间段+before+一般现在时，it was+时间段+before+一般过去时（。才）例如：it is a long time before I go to sleep.过了很长

11、时间我才睡着。it was an hour before the police arrived.过了一个小时，警察才来。小试牛刀：It _(be)ten years since we _(leave)that city.It is reported that it may be two or three months _ it is possible to test this medicine on animals How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon？3、when 和 whi

12、le 的区别 连词 区别 所接动词 例句 when 主从句同时发生、先后发生 瞬间性动词、When you arrive in London,please give us a call.When he was having his lunch,he heard the door bell ring.as 主从句同时发生、一边一边、随着 持续性动词 As time went on,he grew more and more impatient.As we walked,we talked.while 主从句同时发生 然而、既然 持续性动词 While she was reading a nove

13、l,her mother was cooking the dinner.Some people waste food while other haven t enough.I m going to the post office.While you re there,can you get me some stamps?4、巧记 10 个瞬间性动词 在学习以 when 和 while 引导的时间状语从句时，用到了瞬间动词和延续动词。常见的瞬间动词有 die（死），come（来），go（去），eave（离开），arrive（到达），begin（开始），buy（买），,join（加入），borro

14、w（借进，借 出），return（归还）等。这 10 个瞬间动词可用两句口诀来帮助记忆:开始离去,借来还,出生入死,买到家。注释:1.开始离去,借来还 为 begin,leave,go,borrow,come,return 六词；2.出生入死,买到家 为 join,die,buy,arrive 四词。3.各词改为相应的延续动词为：begin be on,leave be away from,borrow keep,go be,come be here,return be back,join be in,die be dead,buy have,arrive be here 等。5、状语从句与主

15、句的时态问题 1.由 when、while 引导的时间状语从句的时态：（主过从过）+when+从句（一般过去）+when+从句（过去进行时）+while+从句（过去进行时）+while+从句（过去进行时）注意：看动词为短暂性动词用一般过去时，动词为延续性动词则用过去进行时。cook)supper when I(get)home yesterday.Last Sunday I(meet)Lin Hong when I(walk)in the street.When the students(have)a meeting,the teacher(come)in.主句（过去进行时）主句（一般过去时）

16、主句（一般过去时）主句（过小试牛刀：Mother 的时间不同所使用的连词也不同下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句引导的从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前例如动词动作同时发生我正要出门有客人来访小试牛刀她来时我将生由于从句表示一个持续的行为所以从句中要用持续性动词并且持续性动我不在时请照看一下我的小妹词常用进行时态例如妹我们看电视的时候进来了小试牛刀引导的时间状语从句表示当的时候一边一边随着其从句的主语与主句的句的动作发生在从句动作之前例如我这儿来之前一点英语都不懂例如小试牛刀引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后例如他锁上门后就走了他做完工作后和朋

17、友下了一盘棋小试牛刀引导的从句表示自从以来从句中的动词一While Han Meimei(sweep)the floor,Lucy(carry)water.2.由 when、after、before、by the time 引导的时间状语从句的时态：主句、从句的谓语动词都已完成，则先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作用一般过去时。例如：After he had finished his work,he played a game of chess with his friend.小试牛刀：When they(get)to the cinema last light,the film(star

18、t).I(go)out with my friends after I(finish)all the homework last night.3.时间状语从句与主句的时态不一致。(主将从现：主句用将来时，而时间状语从句用一般现在时)小试牛刀：As soon as I reach Canada,I you up.(ring)I will call you as soon as I the result.(know)He _ (become)a solider when he _(grow)up.He _ (wait)until the rain _ .(stop)一、单项选择。1 The mee

19、ting didnt start_ everyone was there.A.Because B.until C.why D.if 2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A.went not;until B.didnt go;after C.went;until D.didnt go;until 3 He _ wait until the rain _ .Awont,will stop Bwont,stop C will,stops D will,will stop 4 As soon as Jane _ here,I ll post the lett

20、er to Mike.Aleave B will leave C leaves D left 5 It was already five o clock _ we got home.Awhen B while C because D if 6I m going to the post office._ you re there,can you get me some stamps?AAs B While C Because DIf 7 Joan an d Mary haven t seen each other _ they left school five years ago.Aas B b

21、efore C after D since 8 I will let you know about it as soon as I _ the news.Awill get B gets Cgot Dget 9.He _ back until the work _ done.A.isnt;will be B.isnt;is C.wont be;will be D.wont be;is 10.I call the police for help I saw the thief.A while B before Cas soon as D after 11 They didnt start the

22、 work _ their teacher came back.A.until B.while C.as soon as D.if 12.Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A.arrives B.will reach C.arrives in D.get to 13.Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing.A.will leave B.is leaving C.leave D.leaves 14.I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A.

23、come B.comes C.will come D.came 15.I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A.before B.until C.after D.when 16.He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A.didnt go;until;with B.wasnt go;after;to的时间不同所使用的连词也不同下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句引导的从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前例如动词动作同时发生我正

24、要出门有客人来访小试牛刀她来时我将生由于从句表示一个持续的行为所以从句中要用持续性动词并且持续性动我不在时请照看一下我的小妹词常用进行时态例如妹我们看电视的时候进来了小试牛刀引导的时间状语从句表示当的时候一边一边随着其从句的主语与主句的句的动作发生在从句动作之前例如我这儿来之前一点英语都不懂例如小试牛刀引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后例如他锁上门后就走了他做完工作后和朋友下了一盘棋小试牛刀引导的从句表示自从以来从句中的动词一二、用方框中的单词填空。when、before、after、as、since、while、until、as soon as 1 Mum was making co

25、okies in the kitchen _ the telephone rang.2 I was watching TV _ my wife was cooking.3 He had worked in a factory for two years _ he went to college.4 I shall play chess with you _ I finish watching TV.5 He didn t get to the airport _ it was dar k.6 She sang _ she went along.7 I haven t heard from hi

26、m _ he went to America.8 We found the books two days _ he had gone away.三，完成句子。1.他进来时，我在吃饭。，I was eating.2.我在那封信寄到之前去北京了。I had left for Beijing just.3.当我在玩电脑游戏时，爸爸在听音乐。Father was listening to music the computer games.4,当我有时间，我就去看望我的爷爷。I will visit my grandpa.5.他一到学校就把一切都准备好了。She got everything ready

27、.6.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Will you please call me _ _ _ you get to Shanghai.7.他长大后相当一名记者。He wants to be a journalist _ _ _ _.答案：1-5 BDCCA 6-10 BDDBC ACDBBA 答案：1 when 2 while 3before 4 as soon as 5until 6 as 7since 8 after When she came in before the letter arrived While I was playing when I have time的时间不同所使

28、用的连词也不同下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句引导的从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前例如动词动作同时发生我正要出门有客人来访小试牛刀她来时我将生由于从句表示一个持续的行为所以从句中要用持续性动词并且持续性动我不在时请照看一下我的小妹词常用进行时态例如妹我们看电视的时候进来了小试牛刀引导的时间状语从句表示当的时候一边一边随着其从句的主语与主句的句的动作发生在从句动作之前例如我这儿来之前一点英语都不懂例如小试牛刀引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后例如他锁上门后就走了他做完工作后和朋友下了一盘棋小试牛刀引导的从句表示自从以来从句中的动词一as s

29、oon as she got to school as soon as when he grows up.1、答案：When I got home,I found mother cooking for me./I found mother cooking for me when I got home.2、答案：We start to sing as soon as its 12 oclock.3、答案：I will go out to play basketball with you after I finish my homework.4、答案：He waited until all the

30、 people left.5、答案：It started to rain while we were playing football 的时间不同所使用的连词也不同下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句引导的从句表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前例如动词动作同时发生我正要出门有客人来访小试牛刀她来时我将生由于从句表示一个持续的行为所以从句中要用持续性动词并且持续性动我不在时请照看一下我的小妹词常用进行时态例如妹我们看电视的时候进来了小试牛刀引导的时间状语从句表示当的时候一边一边随着其从句的主语与主句的句的动作发生在从句动作之前例如我这儿来之前一点英语都不懂例如小试牛刀引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后例如他锁上门后就走了他做完工作后和朋友下了一盘棋小试牛刀引导的从句表示自从以来从句中的动词一