代词高一英语中学教育高考英语中学教育中学课件.pdf
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1、代词 代词的分类:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词和不定代词共九类。人称代词 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 物主代词 形容词性 my your his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 反身代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves 一、人称代词
2、1、人称代词作主语时用主格,作宾语时用宾格。eg:We all like her very much.2、作表语时多用宾格。eg:Who is talking?Its him.3、用 she 来代表国家、船只、飞机、城市、大地、月亮等,以示亲切和爱抚。eg:China is a great country.She has a very long history.4、在并列主语中,第二人称放在首位,第三人称放在其次,第一人称放在最后。eg:You,he and I have been to Shanghai twice.5、有时可用 it 代替小孩 child 或婴儿 baby eg:The b
3、aby smiled when it saw its father.二、物主代词 1、形容词性物主代词在句中作定语,后加名词。Eg:I am your new English teacher this term.My name is Cathy.2、名词性物主代词在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。Eg:Is this book yours?No,its not mine.Mine is here.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 3、在一些固定结构中常用“the”代替物主代词 Eg:Bill hit Mike on the head.4、一些短语中的物主代词一般不可省略。Eg:all ones
4、 life 一生,终生 change ones mind 改变主意 come to ones mind 想起 do ones best 竭尽全力 follow ones example 以。为榜样 lose ones life 丧生 make up ones mind 下决心,决定 on ones way to 在某人去.的路上 take ones time 不着急,慢慢来 stay on ones feet 站着 to ones surprise 令某人感到吃惊的是 with ones help 在某人的帮助下 5、“of+名词性物主代词”表示所属关系 Eg:a sister of his
5、他的一个妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 三、反身代词 1、反身代词是表示反射(指一个动作回射到执行人本身)或强调(用来加强名词或代词的语气)的代词。2、反身代词经常与一些动词或介词连用,构成短语。Eg:learn sth by oneself=teach oneself 自学 enjoy oneself 过的愉快 dress oneself 穿衣 wash oneself 洗刷 help oneself 随便。leave one by oneself 把某人留下来 all by oneself 独自一人 四、指示代词 指示代词包括 this that these thos
6、e it 1、this,these 一般用来表示在时间或空间上较近的人或物,而that,those 常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。Eg:This is a pencil.That is a ruler.2、This,these 可指后面要讲到的事情,而 That,those 指前面已经提到的事情。Eg:Mike asked me to help him with his lessons this evening.Im afraid I cant do that.3、在作比较时可用 that,those 指代前面提到的名词,that 指代单数可数名词或不可数名词,those 指代复数可数名词。E
7、g:The weather in Wuhan is warmer than that in Beijing.4、在打电话时,用 that 来询问对方是谁,用 this 来介绍自己是谁。Eg:Is that Lucy speaking?5、Yes,who is that?This is Jony speaking.6、it 也可作为指示代词,常用于不分或不明男女的情况下。Eg:Who is knocking the door?7、It is the postman.五、相互代词(相互关系的代词)宾格(each other;one another)属格(each others;one anothe
8、rs)传统语法中each other 指代两者;而 one another 用于两者以上。Eg:You and I understand each other.They have been seperated from one another a long time.六、疑问代词 1、疑问代词 Who whom whose what which用来构成特殊疑问句。其中前三个只能指人,后两个可指人或物。2、Who what which 后面可加 ever 以加强语气。Eg:Whoever are you looking for?你到底在找谁?3、What 与 which 作定语的区别是 whic
9、h 用于在一定范围内的人或事物中进行选择,而 what 没有此限制。4、Who 与 what Who is he?他是谁?What is he?他是做什么职业的?5、who 与 whom 现代英语中往往用 who 代替 whom,但前面有介词,常用 whom Eg:By whom was it made?七、连接代词 疑问代词 who whom whose what which引导宾语从句时称作连接代词,具体用法见宾语从句。宾格形容词性名词性人称代词物主代词反身代词一人称代词人称代词作主语时用主格作宾语时用宾格作表语时多用宾格用来代表国家船只飞机城市大地月亮等以示亲切和爱抚在并列主语中第二人称
10、放在首位第三人称放在其次第一人作主语宾语表语等名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名词在一些固定结构中常用代替物主代词一些短语中的物主代词一般不可省略一生终生改变主意想起竭尽全力以为榜样丧生下决心决定在某人去的路上不着急慢慢来站着令某人感反射指一个动作回射到执行人本身或强调用来加强名词或代词的语气的代词反身代词经常与一些动词或介词连用构成短语自学过的愉快穿衣洗刷随便把某人留下来独自一人四指示代词指示代词包括一般用来表示在时间或空间上较近八、关系代词 疑问代词 who whose whom which引导定语从句时,称作关系代词,具体用法见定语从句。Linda,there is somebody kn
11、ocking at the door.Go and see who()is.A:he B:she C:it D:that We have no idea()he is.They say he is a policeman.A:whom B:what C:which D:who He found()necessary for him to improve his spoken English.A:that it B:what C:it D:that The teacher wanted()to do the work.A:Jim,Mike and I B:I,Jim and Mike C:Mik
12、e,Jim and me D:Jim,me and Mike Do you know the boy sitting between Peter and()?A:she B:I C:his D:me I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have().A:it B:those C:them D:one A latest English newspaper,please.Only one copy left.Would you like to have(),sir?A:it B:one C:this D:that We are int
13、erested in()work.A:each other B:one another C:one anothers D:one anothers Are these cars made in Japan?Yes,and theyre much cheaper than()made in Amercia.A:that B:those C;it D:ones Why did()take Aunt Alice almost an hour to get home?I dont know.May there was something wrong with her car.A;that B:it C
14、;she D:this 九、不定代词(一)不定代词的分类 不定代词是指代非特定对象的代词,可根据不同的标准分类:1、肯定意义的代词:both,all,every,each,other,another,many,much,a few,a little,some,one,any,somebody,someone,eveerything,nothing 2、否定意义的不定代词:no,neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little 3、指两者的不定代词 both,either,neither,the other,each(两者中的每一个)4、指三者以上的不定代词:all,
15、every,each(既可指多者中每一个又可指两者中每一个),many,a few,some,any 5、只能作定语的不定代词:no,every 6、表示可数意义的不定代词:many,few,other,another,each,some,any,none,every,one 7、表示不可数意义的不定代词:much,little,some,any 宾格形容词性名词性人称代词物主代词反身代词一人称代词人称代词作主语时用主格作宾语时用宾格作表语时多用宾格用来代表国家船只飞机城市大地月亮等以示亲切和爱抚在并列主语中第二人称放在首位第三人称放在其次第一人作主语宾语表语等名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词名
16、词在一些固定结构中常用代替物主代词一些短语中的物主代词一般不可省略一生终生改变主意想起竭尽全力以为榜样丧生下决心决定在某人去的路上不着急慢慢来站着令某人感反射指一个动作回射到执行人本身或强调用来加强名词或代词的语气的代词反身代词经常与一些动词或介词连用构成短语自学过的愉快穿衣洗刷随便把某人留下来独自一人四指示代词指示代词包括一般用来表示在时间或空间上较近8、复合不定代词:some,any,no,every,与 one,body,thing 合并在一起构成的代词 someone,somebody,something,anyone,anybody,anything,everyone,everybo
17、dy(二)复合不定代词所带有的修饰词要后置,作后置定语。复合不定代词也可由 else 修饰,表示“其它的、”eg:1、I have something important.2、He hasn t anything to tell you.3、Do you want to say anything else?(三)、不定代词的全部否定和部分否定 全部否定的不定代词:none,neither,nothing 部分否定的不定代词:not all,not both,not everything,all.not,both.not,everything.not(四)、不定代词作主语时谓语动词数的概念。不定
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