形容词和副词的比较级和最高级外语学习语法 外语学习语法 .pdf

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1、精心整理 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 重点:1、了解形容词、副词比较级以及最高级的构成规则；2、了解形容词、副词比较等级的用法。热身练习 一、口语训练 1、用正确的语音、语调朗读下列短文。Thesealooksverybeautifulwhenthesunisshiningonit.Itcanbeveryterriblewhenthereisastrongwind.Theseaisverybig.Itcoversthreequartersoftheearth.Theseaisalsoverydeepinsomeplaces.Thereisoneplace-theseaisabout11kil

2、ometresdeepthere.Thehighestmountainintheworldisabout9kilometreshigh.Ifthatmountainwasputintotheseaatthatplace,therewouldstillbe2kilometresofwateraboveit.Inmostpartofthesea,therearelotsofplants.Somelivenearthetopofthesea,otherslivedeepdown.Therearealsoalotofsmalllivingthings.Lotsoffishlivebyeatingthe

3、m.Theseacanbeverycold.Whenpeoplegodown,theseabecomescolderandcolder.Onlysomemencangodownintodeepsea.Butin1970,fivewomenscientistsliveinthedeepseaforfourteendays.2、根据实际情况回答问题。3、根据提示说话。假如你是李华，你向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园，你们看到了很多动物，玩得很高兴。请用至少六句话来描述。二、找出上面短文中的形容词和副词，并且试试说出它们的用法。精讲部分 一.形容词和副词在使用时都有三个级别

4、：原级、比较级、最高级。例：(smallsmallersmallest)(talltallertallest)(hardharderhardest)比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种 1规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。多音节词，加 more，most构成比较级和最高级 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 一般单音节词尾加-er，-es tall great strong taller greater stronger tallest greatest strongest 以不发音的 e 结尾的单音词，只加-r，-st nice la

5、rge late nicer larger later nicest largest latest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音词，双写结尾的辅音字母再加-er，-est big hot fat bigger hotter fatter biggest hottest fattest 双 音节词 以辅音字母+y 结尾的双音节词，改y 为 i 再加-er，-est easy busy early easier busier earlier easiest busiest earliest 多音节在前面加 more,most 来构成比较级和最高级 important beautiful happ

6、ily moreimportant morebeautiful morehappily mostimportant mostbeautiful mosthappily 精心整理 词 2.不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good well better best bad ill worse worst Old older oldest much,many more most Little less least Far farther/further farthest/furthest 二.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 1as+原级+as表示“与一样”Thepaintingisasbeau

7、tifulas thatone这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮。(形容词)Hesingsaswellas histeacher.他唱得和他的老师一样好。（副词）注意：在否定句中可用 notas(so)+原级+as与不一样，不及 例：Itisnotas(so)cold inShanghaiasinBeijinginwinter 冬天上海的天气没北京的天气冷。(形容词)Thegirldoesntrunasquicklyas theboy.；女孩跑得不如男孩快。（副词）2比较级+than 表示“比更”Thishotelischeaperthan thatoneacrossthestreet 这家宾馆比街对面那

8、家更便宜。(形容词)Itisquickertotakeaunderground thantotakeabus 坐地铁比坐公交车快。(形容词)Marywrites morecarefullythanTom.Mary 写得比 Tom 更认真。（副词）3比较级+比较级表示：”越来越”Itisgettingcolderandcolderthesedays这些天天气越来越冷。(形容词)Thebusismoreandmorecrowded 公交车上越来越挤。(形容词)Thepeoplearelivingmoreandmorehappily人们生活得越来越幸福（副词）4.The+比较级,the+比较级表示“

9、越-，越-。”Themore,thebetter.5the+最高级+比较范围表示“(三者或三者以上)最”Ofallthefourbrothersheis thecleverest 在四个兄弟中，他是最聪明的。Heisthebest inmathsofthemall 在他们所有人中他数学最好 Hejumpsthehighestinhisclass.他在班中跳得最高。注意：1.“as+原级+as(notas(so)+原级+as)”和“比较级+than”用于两者之间的比较，2.最高级用于三者以上之间的比较 3.形容词最高级必须加定冠词 the,但副词最高级可以加也可以不加定冠词 the 例如：The

10、Changjiang Riveris thelongest riverinChina.(形容词)Shedances(the)mostbeautifullyinherclass.（副词）4.much+比较级表示“得多”例如：muchbigger,muchlonger.muchmoredifficult,muchmoreinteresting Exercise(比较级和副词)等级的用法热身练习一口语训练用正确的语音语调朗读下列短文根据实际情况回答问题根据提示说话假如你是李华你向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园你们看到了很多动物玩得很高兴请用至少六句话别原级比较级最高级例比较

11、级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种规则变化单音词和少数双音词在词尾加来构成比较级和最高级多音词加构成比较级和最高级构成法原级一般单音词尾加以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音单音词双写多音在前面加来构成比较级和最高级精心整理词不规则变化比较级最高级原级二形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法原级表示与一样这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮形容词他唱得和他的老师一样好副词注意在否定句中可用原级与不一样精心整理 一.A.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级 1.near_ high_ _ 2.warm_ clever_ 3.white_ blue_ _ 4.nice_ gentle_ 5.safe_ wide_ 6.c

12、lose_ long_ 7.heavy_ sunny_ 8.early_ dry_ 9.busy_ happy_ 10.easy_ angry_ 11.windy_little_ 12.thin_ fat_ 13.hot_ big_ 14.wet_ good_ 15.bad_ well_ 16.badly_ many_ 17.much_ far_ 18.important_ 19.dangerous_ 20beautiful_ 21.difficult_ 22.brightly_ 23.strongly_ 24.expensive_ 25.quietly_ B.写出下列形容词的副词形式 1.b

13、ad_ nice_ beautiful_ 2.clever_ easy_ busy_ 3.heavy_ angry_ happy_ 4.gentle_ wide_ safe_ 5.close_ late_ early_ 6.deep_ high_ near_ 7.fast_ good_ 二、用括号内词语的正确形式填空 1、Theflowersarevery_.(beautiful)2、Thegirlsaresittingthere_.(quiet)3、Theyretalkingvery_.(loud)4、Wecangetthere_.(easy)5、Theyregettingreadyfort

14、hesportsmeeting_.(busy)6、Theyrelivinga_life.(happy)7、Thewindisblowing_.(strong)8、Heplaysthepiano_.(bad)9、Theriverruns_downthehill.(gentle)10、Thesunisshining_.(bright)11、Themanisridinghishorsealongtheroad_.(slow)12、Thegirlsings_thantheboy.(beautiful)等级的用法热身练习一口语训练用正确的语音语调朗读下列短文根据实际情况回答问题根据提示说话假如你是李华你

15、向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园你们看到了很多动物玩得很高兴请用至少六句话别原级比较级最高级例比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种规则变化单音词和少数双音词在词尾加来构成比较级和最高级多音词加构成比较级和最高级构成法原级一般单音词尾加以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音单音词双写多音在前面加来构成比较级和最高级精心整理词不规则变化比较级最高级原级二形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法原级表示与一样这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮形容词他唱得和他的老师一样好副词注意在否定句中可用原级与不一样精心整理 13、Jackplaysfootball_thanDick.(bad)14、Heiss

16、peaking_.(angry)15、Thechildrenarerunning_alongtheroad.(happy)16、Sheruns_ofall.(fast)17、Thesunisshining_thisafternoonthanthismorning.(bright)18、Jimworks_thanTom.(hard)19、Hewalks_ofthethree.(far)20、LittleTomissittingthere_ofall.(quiet)三、选择填空 1.Thewhiteshirtisas_astheyellowone.A.cheapB.cheaperC.cheapes

17、tD.thecheapest 2、Youknow_aboutitthanTomdoes.A.evenlittleB.evenlessC.morelittleD.moreless 3、Thisgardenis_thatone.A.tentimesaslongas B.tentimeslongeras C.tentimeslongeras D.aslongastentimes 4、Theearthisgetting_.A.warmandwarmer B.warmerandwarm C.warmerandwarmer D.warm,andwarm 5、Whichoneis_,footballorba

18、sketball?A.morepopularB.popularC.popularerD.muchpopular 6、Thefifthorangeis_ofall.Giveittothatsmallchild.A.bigB.biggerC.thebiggerD.thebiggest 7、Allanisoneof_popularteachersintheschool.A.moreB.themoreC.mostD.themost 8、Whichcityis_,Beijing,ShanghaiorFuzhou?A.beautiful B.morebeautiful C.muchmorebeautifu

19、l D.themostbeautiful 9.Heruns_ofthefourboys.A.fastB.fasterC.thefastestD.fastest 10、_allthestudentsinhisclass,XiaoMingwrites_.A.Of,mostcarefully B.In,themostcareful C.Of,verycarefully D.In,muchmorecarefully 11、IthinkP.E.is_anyothersubject.A.themoreimportantB.themostimportant C.asimportantthan D.asimp

20、ortantas 12、Idontfeelvery_today.A.goodB.betterC.niceD.well 13、Themoreyoustudyduringtheterm,_youhavetostudytheweekbeforeexams.A.thelessB.thelesserC.lessD.thelittle 14、Theoldmanwastootiredtowalkany_.A.farB.fartherC.thefarthestD.farer 15、Thechildrenarelaughing_.Theylookvery_.A.happy,happyB.happily,happ

21、ily C.happily,happyD.happy,happily 四、链接中考(1998)1.Ithinkmathsis_ofallthesubjects.等级的用法热身练习一口语训练用正确的语音语调朗读下列短文根据实际情况回答问题根据提示说话假如你是李华你向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园你们看到了很多动物玩得很高兴请用至少六句话别原级比较级最高级例比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种规则变化单音词和少数双音词在词尾加来构成比较级和最高级多音词加构成比较级和最高级构成法原级一般单音词尾加以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音单音词双写多音在前面加来构成比较级和最高级精心

22、整理词不规则变化比较级最高级原级二形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法原级表示与一样这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮形容词他唱得和他的老师一样好副词注意在否定句中可用原级与不一样精心整理 A.themostinterestingB.moreinteresting C.sointerestingD.thebestinteresting 2.Thegirldoesn trun_theboy.A.muchfasterasB.asfastestas C.morecarefulthanD.sofastas(1999)Theyoungmandrives_thanhedidthreemonthsago.A.muchca

23、refullyB.muchmorecareful C.muchcarefulD.muchmorecarefully(2000)1.Don tworrytoomuchIamsureeverythingisgoingon_withyou A.goodB.fineC.wellD.nice 2-Dotheylikehim?-YesHeis_akindman A.veryB.soC.muchD.such 3-Marywon tgoshoppingthisafternoon -Iwon tgo_ AeitherByetCalsoDtoo 4.-WhatshouldIdoifIdon tunderstand

24、theword?-Lookit_inadictionary AatBonCupDout 5Thecarisrunning_ Itseemstobeflying AmoreandfasterBmoreandfastCfastandfastDfasterandfaster(2001)-IhavethreeEnglishdictionaries-IhavenineIhavethreetimes_you AasmuchasB asmanyasC aslittleasD1essthan(2002)1.Welovetogotothecountryinspringastheflowerssmellso_ A

25、.wellBniceCwonderfullyDnicely 2.Theboydoesn tspeak_hissister，buthiswrittenworkisverygood AaswellasB sogoodasC morebetterthanDmoreworsethan(2003)1-DoesLiuHuaeverguessthemeaningsofEnglishwords?-He_guessesthemeaningsofnewwordsHeuseshisdictionaryallthetime AusuallyBalwaysCneverDsometimes 2Themeetingwill

26、beheldinhalfanhour，buttheyhaven tgoteverythingready_ AeverBalreadyCyetDstill 3Nowtheairinourhometownis_thanitwasbefore Somethingmustbedone AmuchbetterBmoreworseC morebetterDmuchworse 4Johnnydoesn tsingquite_theotherboysandgirlsinhisclass AsowellasB asgoodlikeC aswelllikeDsogoodas(2004)1.Idon tbeliev

27、etheyoungmancouldrun_fast_20kilometresanhour Aas；asBas；likeCmuch；asDso；like 2HarryPotterisan_bookforchildren,butmycousindoesn tseematall _init Ainteresting；interestingB，interested；interested Cinteresting；interestedDinterested；interesting(2005)1.-Doyoulikewesternfood?-No Thefoodofourcountryis_thatofw

28、esterncountries ArathergoodthanBmuchbetterthan CmorebetterthanDnotsogoodas 等级的用法热身练习一口语训练用正确的语音语调朗读下列短文根据实际情况回答问题根据提示说话假如你是李华你向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园你们看到了很多动物玩得很高兴请用至少六句话别原级比较级最高级例比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种规则变化单音词和少数双音词在词尾加来构成比较级和最高级多音词加构成比较级和最高级构成法原级一般单音词尾加以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音单音词双写多音在前面加来构成比较级和最高级精心整理词不规

29、则变化比较级最高级原级二形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法原级表示与一样这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮形容词他唱得和他的老师一样好副词注意在否定句中可用原级与不一样精心整理 2MrWatsonwon tbeherenextweek，and_ AneitherhiswifewillBneitherhiswifewon t Chiswifewon tneitherDhiswifewon teither 开心一刻 OneofHarrysfeetwasbiggerthantheother.Icanneverfindboots（靴子）andshoesformyfeet,hesaidtohisfriendDick

30、.Whydontyougotoashoemaker?Dicksaid.Agoodonecanmakeyoutherightshoes.Iveneverbeentoashoemaker,Harrysaid.Arenttheyveryexpensive?No,Dicksaid,someofthemarent.Theresagoodoneinourvillage,andhesquitecheap.Hereshisaddress.HewrotesomethingonapieceofpaperandgaveittoHarry.HarrywenttotheshoemakerinDicksvillageaf

31、ewdayslater,andtheshoemakermadehimsomeshoes.Harrywenttotheshopagainaweeklaterandlookedattheshoes.Thenhesaidtotheshoemakerangrily,Youreasillyman!Isaid,Makeoneshoebiggerthantheother,butyouvemadeonesmallerthantheother!Whichofthesesentencesaretrue(T)andwhicharefalse(F)?WriteTorFbeforeeachsentence.1.Harr

32、ysfeetwerenotthesamesize.2.Harryhadneverbeentoashoemaker.3.TheshoemakerwasfromHarrysvillage.4.Harrywentbacktotheshoemakertwow-eekslater.5.Theshoemakerwasright.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级练习答案 热身练习 一、口语练习 2、根据实际情况回答问题。1.IsChinathebiggestcountryintheworld?2.BothRussiaandCanadaarebiggerthanChina,arethey?3.Whichmount

33、ainisthehighestintheworld?4.Doyouknowwhatoceanisthedeepestintheworld?5.Whichriverislonger,theChangjiang RiverortheYellow River?Exercise(比较级和副词)一.A.写出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级 1.nearer nearest higher highest 2.warmer warmest cleverercleverest 3.whiterwhitestbluerbluest 4.nicer nicest gentler gentlest 5.safer

34、safest wider widest 6.closer closest longer longest 7.heavier heaviest sunnier sunniest 8.earlier earliest drier driest 9.busier busiest happier happiest 10.easier easiest angrier angriest 11.windier windiest less least 12.thinner thinnest fatter fattest 13.hotter hottest bigger biggest 14.wetter we

35、ttest better best 等级的用法热身练习一口语训练用正确的语音语调朗读下列短文根据实际情况回答问题根据提示说话假如你是李华你向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园你们看到了很多动物玩得很高兴请用至少六句话别原级比较级最高级例比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种规则变化单音词和少数双音词在词尾加来构成比较级和最高级多音词加构成比较级和最高级构成法原级一般单音词尾加以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音单音词双写多音在前面加来构成比较级和最高级精心整理词不规则变化比较级最高级原级二形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法原级表示与一样这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮形容词他唱得和他的老

36、师一样好副词注意在否定句中可用原级与不一样精心整理 15.worse worst better best 16.worse worst more most 17.more most farther farthest 18.moreimportantmostimportant19.moredangerousmostdangerous 20.morebeautiful mostbeautiful 21.moredifficult mostdifficult 22.morebrightly mostbrightly 23.morestrongly moststrongly 24.moreexpens

37、ive mostexpensive25.morequietly mostquietly 二、用括号内词语的正确形式填空 1.beautiful2.quietly3.loudly4.easily5.busily 6.happy7.strongly8.badly9.gently10.brightly 11.slowly12.morebeautiful13.worse14.angrily15.happily 16.fastest17.morebrightly18.harder19.farthest20.mostquietly 三、选择填空 1-5ABACA6-10DDDCA11-15DDABC 四、

38、链接中考(1998)1-2AD(1999)D(2000)1-5CDACD(2001)B(2002)1-2BA(2003)1-4CCDA(2004)1-2AC(2005)1-2BD 开心一刻 1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T 等级的用法热身练习一口语训练用正确的语音语调朗读下列短文根据实际情况回答问题根据提示说话假如你是李华你向全班同学介绍上周星期六与好朋友刘军一起去参观了广州动物园你们看到了很多动物玩得很高兴请用至少六句话别原级比较级最高级例比较级和最高级的构成有规则和不规则的变化两种规则变化单音词和少数双音词在词尾加来构成比较级和最高级多音词加构成比较级和最高级构成法原级一般单音词尾加以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音单音词双写多音在前面加来构成比较级和最高级精心整理词不规则变化比较级最高级原级二形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法原级表示与一样这幅画和那幅画一样漂亮形容词他唱得和他的老师一样好副词注意在否定句中可用原级与不一样