高考一轮复习英语语法专项十三：代词中学教育高考中学教育高考.pdf

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1、学习必备 欢迎下载 2012届高考一轮复习语法专项十三：代 词 It 的用法 作人称代词 John likes playing Pingpong/He always does it in the afternoon(指代上下文提到的事物)；/Its time we went home./How far is it from here to your home?/It is getting warmer and warmer/Its very quiet at the moment(可指时间、天气、环境等)引导词 作形式主语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。Its important

2、for us to learn a second language /Its no use talking to him /Its known to all that the earth goes round the sun B作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。We feel it our duty to help others/He made it clear that he would leave the city C强调结构：It is(was)+被强调部分that(或who)注意:在强调结构中，如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语，其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或wh

3、ere，而应用that。在复习中，一定要注意句式的不同。It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar(that引起强调句)It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar(where引起定从)It was twelve oclock when we arrived there(when引起时间状语从句）It was at twelve oclock that we arrived there（that 引起强调句）3.it，one，that 的区别：作为代词，这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。NMET2000，23

4、-Why dont we take a little break?-Didnt we just have _?Ait Bthat Cone Dthis NMET2001，25 The Parkers bought a new house but _will need a lot of work before they can move in Athey Bit Cone Dwhich one 用以指代同类事物中的任一，that 特指性强，指代可数与不可数词，而it指代上文提过的同一事物。学习必备 欢迎下载 不定代词 不定代词种类较多，用法各异，在使用中一定要注意区别。1、both，either

5、，neither 都表两者范围，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，both 可用作同位语。both 意为两者都，either 表两者中任一个，neither 表两者都不。2、any，none，all 表三者或三者以上范围，any 表任何一个、一些(不可数或复数概念，用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中)；none 表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不；表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有；all 整个的；所有的(三者或三者以上)；所有的(不可数)。e.g.This book is a good seller，so you can buy it at any shop in Beijing/None of us are/i

6、s perfect/All of the village was flooded 3、no one，nobody，none，nothing：no one，nobody 表没有人，nothing 指没有什么事物，none 兼指人和物。none 着眼于数量概念。特指的人或物一个也没有，一点儿也没有。-How many people are there in the hall?-None -who wants to go with him?-No one(Nobody)-What can you see in the bottle?-Nothing -Is there any water in it

7、?-None 4、another，the other，the other+复数名词(或 the others)，other(或 other+复数名词)：another 表三者或三者以上范畴中的任一；与数词连用，表再有；the other 表两者中的另外那个，特指；the other+复数名词(或 the others)，另外那些，表示其余所有的人或物，用于特指；others(或 other+复数名词)另一些，表余下人或物中的另一些，泛指。-I dont like this，show me another one(NMET 2000，16)If you want to change for a

8、double room youll have to pay_$15 Aanother Bother Cmore DEach(A)人称、物主、反身、指示代词 高考重点要求 等引导词作形式主语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三

9、者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎下载 1掌握人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词、指示代词的基本用法。2重点掌握不定代词的指代含 义及数的情况，能通过语境准确选取答案。3掌握 it 的基本用法。一人称代词 1）分清主格和宾格形式。eg：-I love you more than her，child/-You mean more than _love her or more than she loves_?A you；me BI；you

10、Cyou；you DI；me 2)注意约定俗成的用法。-Who is it?-Its me -Id like to have a rest -Me，too 3）使用 we 和 you 泛指一般人 4)使用 she 代表国家、船只、月亮、大地等 China is a great country She has a long history 5)并列主语或宾语中顺序是：you，he(she)and I；we，you and they 二物主代词：名词性物主代词在句中做主语、宾语、表语、补足语，构成双重所有格：a friend of mine。形容词性物主代词只能起定语作用。三反身代词 1)在句中作

11、宾语、表语和同位语；2)单复数的确定；3)在一些语境中的特殊含义。e.g.Im not quite myself today 我今天不大舒服。/ake yourself at home 不要拘礼；请随便吧。/Dont get nervous，help yourself to what you like 别紧张，喜欢吃什么就吃什么。/Have you enjoyed yourself today?你今天玩得愉快吗？四指示代词（一）this，that，these those 1在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。2this(these)一般指时间和空间上较近的人或物，而 that(those)常指时

12、间和空间上较远的人或物。e.g.This is a novel and that is a magazine 3this(these)一般指后面要讲到的事物，而 that(those)常指前面讲到的事物。e.g.What he told me is this：he wanted to go to Beijing /He didnt come That is why 等引导词作形式主语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代

13、同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎下载 he didnt know 4 that，those 常用来指代前面提到过的某个名词。e.g.The oil output in 1998 was higher than that of 1995(that

14、 代替 oil output)/The cars made in Jap an are better than those in Germany （二）such such 引起倒装句，谓语数取决于后面主语的数：e.g Such is my answer/Such are our people 做定语，注意和 so 的区别，尤其是在 so that，suchthat 句型中。e.g.I have never seen such beautiful flowers(复数名词前，so 不可)/I have never seen such a great film(也可为 so great a fil

15、m)/We have such beautiful weather today that we should go out for an outing(不可数词前，不可用 so)/There are so many people in the hall that its hard for me to find him(在数量概念的many，much，little，few 之前，不可用 such)练1、练习（一）、代 词 一、强化训练：1.New English-Chinese Dictionary has been republished several times,_ more up to

16、date than the last edition.A.any B.everyone C.either D.each 2.After paying 1,000 dollars_,youll all become full members of our club.A.each B.all C.every D.both 3._ was her cruelty that we all hated her.A.It B.What C.That D.Such 4.Mary has been ill in bed for a week.I wonder if she is _ better now.A.

17、much B.some C.any D.very 5.-Which of these two ties will you take?-I dont like these.Do you have any_?A.on e B.other C.ones D.others 6.I d rather ride a bike as bike riding has _ of the trouble of taking buses.A.much B.all C.neither D.none 7.I need some blue ink today but there is _ at hand.等引导词作形式主

18、语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备

19、欢迎下载 A.not B.nothing C.a little D.none 8.I found the very watch of mine _ I had left _.A.where,it B.that,it C.which,one D.where,one 9.I havent got time to get the tickets.Whos going to _?A.do so B.do it C.buy it D.do them 10.-Jack certainly has a high opinion of Susan.It cant be better than _of him.

20、A.hers B.she C.that D.her 11.-Shall we introduce _ fire-fighting equipment from abroad?-Go ahead,if necessary.A.other B.a few more C.another D.some other 12.-How about the price of these refrigerators?-They are equal in price to,if not cheaper than,_ at the other stores.A.others B.it C.that D.the on

21、es 13.-I dislike _ when others laugh at me in public or speak ill of me behind.-So do I.A.them B.those C.it D.that 14.-Which do you prefer,classical music or pop music?-_.I prefer folk music.A.Either B.Both C.None D.Neither 15.Why don t you trust and use old Tom?He is still as strong as _ in the tea

22、m.A.nobody B.anybody else C.everybody D.somebody else 16.-Are the new methods taking any effect?-Yes,_ articles are stolen from our supermarket.A.few B.more C.some D.none 17.During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the chairman,_ brought the room to disorder.A.it B

23、.and which C.and that D.this 18.Ive just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite.Tom,go and buy_ back.A.one B.any C.it D.some 19.-Do you have _ at home now?-No,we still have to get scores of eggs and some vegetables.等引导词作形式主语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正

24、宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎下载 A.nothing B.everything C.anything D.s

25、omething 20.Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes _ will be a boy.A.he B.that C.it D.there 21.Surely its _ with the big nose you mean,not _!A.he,I B.him,me C.him,I D.he,me 22.The temperature can fall to 30._ is,30 C below freezing point.A.Which B.It C.That D.This 23.-The exam was easy,wasnt it?-

26、Yes,but I don t think _ could pass it.A.somebody B.everybody C.anybody D.nobody 24.Cut the apple into halves so that the twins may each get _ half.A.every B.each C.another D.either 25._ of us can do everything,but all of us can do _.A.None,something B.Some,everything C.Few,something D.Few,nothing 26

27、.-May I help you with some gloves,sir?-Yes,Id like to try those blue _.A.one B.ones C.pair D.two 27.Of all my friends _ will be able to persuade Tom to change his mind.He is so firm upon it.A.none B.nobody C.neither D.no one 28.-Is he content to accept our offered price?-Yes.He cares more about the

28、quality.Money is _ to him.A.everything B.anything C.nothing D.something 29.I have no idea which was better,so I took _ of them.A.both B.none C.all D.any 30.You mustnt always do _ as he asks you to do.He may be wrong sometimes.A.anything B.something C.nothing D.everything 31.Im no painter,and to me,o

29、ne painting is much like.A.another B.the other C.others D.one 32.I didnt want either of _ hats and asked the salesman to show me_.A.those,another B.two,the other C.all,the others D.both,others 33.The children were catching butterflies in the garden.Some caught a lot,and others caught _ at 等引导词作形式主语代

30、替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎

31、下载 all.A.nothing B.none C.no one D.neither 34.Thank you very much indeed.That s _ of you.A.kindest B.most kind C.the kinder D.the most kind 35.Jack is a very likable fellow,but Ive learned to take _ he says with a grain of salt.A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything 36.-I love you more than h

32、er,child.-You mean more than _ love her or more than she loves _?A.you,me B.I,you C.you,you D.I,me 等引导词作形式主语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可

33、用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎下载 练2、练习（二）、代 词 二、高考题选：1.Was it during the Second World War _he died?(MET88)Athat B.while C.in which D.then 2.Is _necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?(MET88H)Aeveryone B.thi

34、s C.her D.it 3Is _possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?(MET88)Anow B.that C.it D.man 4His Parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _family was poor(MET88)Aof whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose 5_leaves the room last ought to turn off the light(MET88)AAnyone B.The person C.Whoever D.Who 6_writer is bet

35、ter known in China，Charcles Dickens or Mark Twain?(MET88)AWhich B.What C.Either D.Whether 7-Have you seen Tom and Mary?-I haven t seen _of them(MET88)Aneither B.any C.either D.all 8Is _necessary to complete the design before National Day?(MET89)Athis B.that C.it D.he 9All _is needed is a supply of o

36、il(MET89)Athe thing B.that C.what D.which 10His camera is more expensive than _(MET89)Ahers B.her C.it D.its 11 I dont think _possible to master a foreign language without much memory work(MET90)Athis B.that C.its D.it 12_of them knew about the plan because it was kept in a secret(MET90)AEach B.Any

37、C.No one D.None 13 He paid the boy￥10 for washing ten windows，most of _hadnt been cleaned for at least a year(MET90)等引导词作形式主语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别

38、都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎下载 Athese B.those C.that D.which 14Kate and her sister went to holiday with a cousin of _(MET90)Atheir B.theirs C.her D.hers 15I invited Tom and Ann to dinner，but _of them ca

39、me(NMET91)Aneither B.both C.either D.none 16She heard a terrible noise，_brought her heart into her mouth(MET91)Ait B.which C.this D.that 17We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _of us had _money on us(MET91)Aall;no B.any;no C.none;any D.no one;any 18These plants are watered _(NMET91)Aeach other day

40、 B.every other day C.each of two days D.every of two days 19Alice received an invitation from her boss，_came as a surprise(NMET91)Ait B.that C.which D.he 20Does _matter if he cant finish the job on time?Athis B.that C.he D.it 21MrZhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _who had already tak

41、en them(MET92)Athe ones B.ones C.some D.the others 22Therere so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _to buy(MET92)Awhat B.which C.how D.where 23Although hes wealthy，he spends _ on clothes(NME792)Alittle B.few C.a little D.a few 24In the dark street，there wasnt a single p

42、erson _ she could turn for help(MET92)Athat B.who C.from whom D.to whom 25_he said at the meeting astonished everybody present(MET93)AWhat B.That C.The fact D.The matter 26-Would you like some wine?-Yes，just _(MET93)Alittle Bvery little Ca little Dlittle bit 等引导词作形式主语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名

43、词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎下载 27Toms mother kept telling h

44、im that he should work harder，but _didnt help(MET93)Ahe Bwhich Cshe Dit 28-Is _here?-No，Bob and Tim have asked for leave(MET93)Aanybody Bsomebody Ceverybody Dnobody 29-Is your camera like Bills and Anns?-No，but its almost the same as _(NMET94)Aher Byours Cthem Dtheir 30The weather turned out to be v

45、ery good，_was more than we could expect(NMET94)Awhat Bwhich Cthat Dit 31_is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language(NMET95)AThere BThis CThat DIt 32They were very tired，but _of them would stop to take a rest(NMET95)Aany Bsome Cnone Dneither 33I hope there are enough glasse

46、s for each guest to have _(NMET95)Ait Bthose Cthem Done 34-When shall we meet again?-Make it _day you like;its all the same to me(NMET96)Aone Bany Canother Dsome 35Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it _(NMET96)Athemselves Boneself Citself Dhimself 36I agree with most of

47、 what you said，but I dont agree with _(NMET97)Aeverything Banything Csomething Dnothing 37 Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers，Now she would like to read_stories by writers from _ countries(NMET97)Asome;any Bother;some Csome;other Dother;other 38It was about 600 years ago _ the first

48、clock with a face and an hour hand was made(NMET97)Athat Buntil Cbefore Dwhen 39I hate _when people talk with their mouths full(NMET98)Ait Bthat Cthese Dthem 等引导词作形式主语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正主语作形式宾语代替由不定式动名词或从句表示的真正宾语强调结构被强调部分或注意在强调结构中如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语其后的连接词也绝不能为或而应用比使用是高考的热点之一用以指代同类事物中的任一特指性强指代可数与不可数词而指代上文

49、提过的同一事物学习必备欢迎下载不定代词不定代词种类较多用法各异在使用中一定要注意区别都表两者范围在句中作主语宾语定语可用定句疑问句或条件从句中表三者或三者以上中的哪一个都不表示不可数物中的一点儿也没有整个的所有的三者或三者以上所有的不可数表没有人指没有什么事物兼指人和物着眼于数量概念特指的人或物一个也没有一点儿也没有复数学习必备 欢迎下载 40DrBlack comes from either Oxford or CambridgeI cant remember _(NMET98)Awhere Bthere Cwhich Dhat 41Why do you want a new job _yo

50、uve got such a good one already?(NMET98)Athat Bwhere Cwhich Dwhen 42 It was only when I reread his poems recently _I began to appreciate their beauty(NMET98)Auntil Bthat Cthen Dso 43Few pleasures can equal _of a cool drink on a hot day(NMET99)Asome Bany Cthat Dthose 44 If you want to change for a do