仁爱英语八年级上册语言点语法归纳中学教育初中教育中学教育初中教育.pdf

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1、八年级上学期期末复习资料 Unit One 语法：一般将来时 结构：be(am/is/are)going to do sth.表示计划、打算或安排 搭配词：tomorrow;the day after tomorrow;tomorrow morning/.next week/month/Friday/.this morning/afternoon/evening/week/term/.;tonight in a week=in+一段时间;注意划线的提问词用 how soon in the future four days later=一段时间+later sb.hope/wish+宾语从句（将

2、来时）e.g.Our Chinese teacher is going to give(give)a speech this Friday.否定句：Our Chinese teacher isnt going to give a speech this Friday.一般疑问句：Is our Chinese teacher going to give a speech this Friday?肯定回答：Yes,he is.否定回答：No,he isnt.画线提问：When is he going to give a speech?Topic 1 1.see sb.do sth.“看到某人做了某

3、事（强调过程，经常发生）”see sb.doing sth.“看到某人在做某事（强调瞬间，偶尔发生）”类似用法的动词还有：find;watch;hear;notice e.g.We just found Tom reading a book in his study.Mr.Green often hears the little girl play the piano.2.during(介词)the summer holidays p.s.介词后跟动词，动词应加 ing。常见介词有：in,for,of,at,by,on,about 3.play against“与对抗（比赛）”fight ag

4、ainst“为反对而斗争”4.this term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/.将来时 next term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/.将来时 last term/week/month/year/summer holiday/Sunday/Monday/.过去时 5.cheer sb.on“为某人加油”cheer sb.up“使某人振作起来”6.prefer doing sth.to doing sth.“喜欢做某事胜过做某事”prefer sth.to sth.“喜欢

5、某物胜过某物”prefer to do sth.than do sth.“喜欢做某事胜过做某事”7.go swimming/shopping/fishing/mountain climbing/skating/skiiing/rowing/.8.sb./sth.+be+数词+量词+形容词 e.g.The river is 300 kilometers long.=How long is the river?9.play for“为（球队）效力”10.sb.be going to be+职业 when sb.grow up sb.want to be+职业 when sb.grow up 11.

6、ne of+形容词最高级+名词复数+谓语单数 e.g.One of the greatest wonders,the Great Wall,lies in the north of China.12.break the Olympic record“打破奥运会记录”13.win the gold medal“获得金牌”14.give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”15.What a shame!What a pity!16.“参加”join“加入某组织、政党、团体、俱乐部等等并成为其中一员”take part in“参加某活动”join in“参加某活动或加入某一群人中”17.“花费

7、”sb.spend some money/time on sth.sb.spend some money/time(in)doing sth.sb.pay some money for sth.sth.cost sb.some money It takes/took/will take sb.some time to do sth.18.be good at=do well in“擅长于”be weak in=do badly in 19.There is/are going to be.=There will be.20.the long jump“跳远”the high jump“跳高”2

8、1.make sb./sth.+形容词 keep sb./sth.+形容词 make sb./sth.+名词 keep sb./sth.+doing sth.make sb./sht.+do sth.类似用法的动词有：let;help 22.all over the world“全世界”23.be good for“对有益”24.“到达”arrive in+大地点 arrive at+小地点 get to reach“到那儿”arrive there/get there 25.Chinas national team“中国国家队”26.形容词以 ed 结尾和人搭配：excited;intere

9、sted;moved;bored 形容词以 ing 结尾修饰(事)物：exciting;interesting;moving;boring 27.stay for long“待很久”28.leave for“动身前往”leave for“离开前往”Topic 2 语法：表示建议的句型：Would you mind(not)doing sth.?“做某事你(不)介意吗？”Would you mind if I.?“如果我做某事你不介意吗”表示允许的回答：Of course not./Certainly not./.表示不允许的回答：Youd better not./Sorry.1.Could y

10、ou please do me a favor?=Could you help me?=Could you give me a hand?间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳远跳高形容词形容词名词类待很久动身前往离开前往语法表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如

11、果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问2.fall ill;be ill;get ill 3.pass sb.sth.=pass sth.to sb.“把某物递给某人”give sb.sth.=give sth.to sb.show sb.sth.=show sth.to sb.4.right away“立刻；马上”=at once=right now 5.somewhere else 6.throw.around=throw.about=throw.here and there 7.ma

12、nage sth.oneself“自我管理”8.What do you mean by(介词)doing sth.?“你那么做是什么意思”9.shout at sb.“对某人大吼”be angry at sth.“对某事生气”be angry with sb.“对某人生气”10.“也”either否定句、疑问句句末 also 动词前 be 或助动词后 too 肯定句句末，逗号隔开 as well肯定句句末，不用逗号 11.do ones best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”12.say sorry/hello/good-bye to sb.“向某人 说对不起/问好/道别”Im

13、 sorry for what I said.“我为我说过的话感到抱歉”13.keep doing“继续做”practice doing sth.“练习做某事”enjoy doing“喜欢做”love doing“喜欢做”14.serve the food“上菜”turn down/up“把(音量)调低/高”turn on/off“(电源)开/关”15.so.that.“如此以至于”引导结果状语从句 so that“以至于；以便”引导目的状语从句 16.start doing“开始做（已经在做）”start to do“开始去做（还没开始做）”stop doing“停止做”stop to do

14、“停下来去做”remember doing“记得做过”remember to do“记得去做”forget doing“忘记做过”forget to do“忘记去做”finish doing“做完”e.g.Stop talking!The workers are very tired,so they stop to have a rest.Dont forget to turn off lights before you leave.The old man forgot paying some money for the cakes,so he did it again.17.so+形容词/副

15、词+that“如此以至于”引导结果状语从句 so that“以便，为的是”引导目的状语从句 e.g.The coat looks so nice that Mrs.Brown wants to take it.18.more and more popular“越来越流行”“越来越”有两种表达法：1.形容词比较级 and 形容词比较级；如：taller and stronger;better and better;2.the+形容词比较级，the+形容词比较级；如：the more,the better 19.“代替”instead of介词短语 take the place of动词短语 in

16、stead副词 e.g.Tom will take the place of Jack to give a speech.=Tom will give a speech instead of Jack.间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳远跳高形容词形容词

17、名词类待很久动身前往离开前往语法表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问 Jack was ill and had to stay in bed.So Tom will give a speech instead.20.Running helps to build me up.注：动词不能放句首作主语，需加 ing 变为动名词，而且被看成为一个整体，谓语单数！e.g.Doing moring exercises is good for our health.2

18、1.have(great)fun doing sth.“做某事有乐趣”e.g.Children have fun playing with dogs.Topic 3 时态：一般将来时 结构：主语+will do sth.=适用于任何人称 搭配词：tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,in+一段时间，next Sunday/week/year/.,this morning/afternoon/evening/year/week/month/.,tonight,in the future e.g.Her uncle will visit her in three days

19、.=How soon will her uncle visit her?1.be ready for sth.be ready to do sth.get ready for sth.get ready to do sth.2.maybe“也许，可能”副词，可放句首 may be“也许是，可能是”作谓语动词 e.g.Maybe he is a doctor.=He may be a doctor.3.make friends 4.Lets make it half past six.5.take(some)photos 6.win first place 7.cross the finish

20、line 8.be able to“能”只表示能力，可以用于多种时态 can“能;可以;可能”除了表示能力，还可以表示允许，猜测。除了原形，只有过去式 could 9.improve our environment 10.a symbol of“的标志”e.g.A dragon is a symbol of the Chinese nation.11.stand for“代表；象征”e.g.The full moon stands for families getting together.Unit Two 语法：情态助动词：can/could;may/might;should;must;ha

21、ve to;had better;nded;dare;ought to;1.can“能”能力“可以”允许“可能”猜测 2.may“可能”猜测“可以”允许，征求同意 3.must“必须”义务；mustnt“不得”禁止“一定；准是”猜测 表示请求，客气或正式程度：might may could can 表示猜测，可能性：must can could may might must提问时，否定回答是：Must we?No,you dont have to./No,you neednt.间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发

22、生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳远跳高形容词形容词名词类待很久动身前往离开前往语法表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问“必须”must(除了过去时 might外)没有时态、人称和数的变化;主观看法 have to有时态、人称和数的

23、变化;客观需要 had better 的否定 had better not Topic 1 1.have a headache/toothache/backache/stomachache/cough/cold/fever have the flu;have score eyes 2.Im sorry to hear that.=主语+be+形容词+to do sth.e.g.As a girl she is afraid to walk in the street at midnight.3.see a doctor/dentist 4.I hope you will get well so

24、on.5.Whats wrong with you?=Whats the matter/trouble with you?Whats up?6.drink plenty of boiled water“许多的”可以用来修饰可数或不可数名词：lots of;a lot of;plenty of;a great number of;7.lift heavy things 8.stay in bed 9.have a good sleep 10.How long have you been like this?Two days.完整的回答是：I have been like this for two

25、 days.11.take sb.to the hospital 12.day and night 13.feel like doing sth.“想要做某事”14.drink hot tea with honey 15.on the Internet 16.take care of sb.=look after sb.=care for sb.(care for除了照顾，还有关爱的意思)take good care of sb.=look after sb.well=care for sb.well 17.check sth.over(again)“检查”18.take these(cold

26、)pills;take the(Chinese)medicine 19.Two pills each time,three times a day.20.worry about =be worried about 21.Stay in bed and dont move your leg too much.22.Follow the doctors advice.=Take the doctors advice.23.have an accident“发生意外”24.ask for two weeks leave“请假两周”25.return to school soon“尽快返校”“归还”r

27、eturn=give.back “返回”return=go back 26.Your sincerely,“你真诚地”27.eat hot food Topic Two 间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳远跳高形容词形容词名词类待很久动身前往离开前往语法

28、表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问1.Staying up late is bad for your health.动名词作主语当作一个整体，谓语须单数 stay up late“熬夜”2.do morning exercise“做早操”keep fingernails long“留长指甲”3.wash hands before meals 4.go to school without breakfast 5.You must not read in t

29、he sun.give up doing sth.6.read an article in the newspaper about smoking 7.Walking is a good exercise.8.show sth.to sb.=show sb.sth.9.put litter into the dustbin throw litter around/about/here and there 10.Breakfast gives you energy for the morning.give sb.energy for.11.enough 作形容词修饰名词放前面；作副词修饰形容词或

30、其他副词要后置 e.g.Now they have enough time to repair the machine.He doesnt think that this book is interesting enough.12.Go to bed early and get up early.It will keep you active during the day.13.Something is wrong with.=There is something wrong with.不定代词做主语，谓语单数 14.exercise for a long time on an empty s

31、tomach 15.“穿过”through forest/window 内部;across street/bridge/desert 交叉 16.keep the air fresh“保持通风”keep away from“远离”17.drink sour milk have an illness brush onee teeth twice a day 18.spit in public 19.As we know,good health is more important than wealth.20.We should eat more fruit and vegetables and

32、less meat.21.have healthy eating habits 22.as we know 23.kinds of 24.It is+形容词+for sb.to do sth.“做某事对某人来说”It is+形容词+of sb.to do sth.“做某事某人”e.g.It is difficult for Tom to solve the math problem in 3 minutes It is very kind of Tom to help the old man carry the heavy box.Topic Three 1.Hurry up!hurry to

33、 do sth.=do sth.in a hurry 2.go ahead 口语中意思为“继续(说吧);开始”3.The flu is spreading quickly among people these days.间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳

34、远跳高形容词形容词名词类待很久动身前往离开前往语法表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问4.prevent sb.(from)doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”=stop sb.(from)doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”=keep sb.from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”keep sb.doing sth.“让某人一直做某事”5.crowded places 6.change our clothes often 7.Just/Wai

35、t a moment/minute/second,please.=Hold on,please.8.Could/May I speak to sb.?9.examine a patient 10.ring sb.up=call/telephone/phone sb.=give sb.a call/ring“打电话给某人”call sb.back“给某人回电话”11.leave a message“留口信”;take a message“捎口信”;give sb.the message“给某人带口信”12.give a talk;Be on time.fast food 13.cause acc

36、idents stay safe first aid 14.on the other hand 15.avoid doing sth.16.You should say no to smoking and drinking.say no to sth./doing 17.sweep the floor by oneself;learn.by oneself=teach oneself;say to oneself;enjoy oneself =have a good time hurt oneself;wash oneself=take/have a bath/shower help ones

37、elf manage sth.oneself kill oneself take good care of oneself 18.in the hospital in hospital at school at the school 19.It is my duty to save patients.It is+名词(duty/time/turn/pleasure/moment/.)+to do sth.e.g.It is your turn to clean the living room.It is the time for them to get together to have a p

38、arty.20.on TV/the Internet/the computer/the phone 21.among“（三者以上）在之间”between.and.“在两者之间”22.build up ones body“增强某人体质”23.all the time“一直，始终”at the same time“同时”at times“有时，不时”at that time“在那时”间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力

39、职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳远跳高形容词形容词名词类待很久动身前往离开前往语法表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问24.lose ones life Unit 3 Our Hobbies Topic One used to do sth.过去常常做某事 否定形式：didnt use to do sth./usednt to

40、do sth.1.in ones spare/free time 2.-Whats your hobby?-I often go fishing./Im a movie fan./My hobby is reading books.3.do some ourdoor activities 4.maybe/may be 5.need a change 6.“喜欢做某事”like doing sth.;love doing sth.;be fond of doing sth.;be interested doing sth.;enjoy doing sth.;prefer doing sth.;h

41、ave great fun doing sth.7.play the guitar=play soccer 8.dance to music 9.walk a pet dog 10.collect stamps 11.plant flowers 12.make model planes 13.learn a lot about sb./sth.from sb./sth.14.special events 15.of great value=valuable 16.My interests are changing all the time.17.do sports 18.know little

42、 about paintings 19.Do you share my interests?=share sth.with sb.20.Lets be friends.21.in front of/in the front of 22.keep pets 23.chat on the Net 24.Hobbies can bring people happiness,friendship and knowledge.25.daily work 26.get well soon 27.take/have a bath=take/have a shower 28.He doesnt mind wh

43、ether they are good or not.=if不能代替 Topic Two 感叹句：What(a/an)+(adj.)+名词+主语+谓语！How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳远跳高形容词形容词名词类待很久动身

44、前往离开前往语法表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问1.go to a concert;at the concert;give the concert 2.take/have English lessons/classes;=give English lessons/classes 3.lend sb.sth.=lend sth.to sb.;borrow sth.from sb.=borrow sb.sth.4.How much is it for a

45、piano lesson?5.Its hard to say.6.Classic music is not my favorite,but I dont mind it.7.Pop music often comes and goes quickly.8.be popular with sb.9.be famouse for;be famous as;be famous to 10.form a band;set up a band 11.name sb./sth.;call sb./sth.12.do a lot of traveling 13.get to know 14.in the 1

46、980s 15.close friends Topic Three 过去进行时：结构：was/were +doing 用法：过去某个时刻正在进行的动作：at 8:00/.+过去的时间 at this/that time/moment+过去的时间 过去某段时间内持续进行的动作：from 7 to 9 +过去的时间 the whole morning/.+过去的时间 注：过去进行时可以运用于 when、while、as 引导的时间状语从句中。as 从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示进展过程。when从句谓语动词可用短暂性或延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段或时间点。while 从句谓语动词须

47、用延续性动词；从句表示一个时间段。eg.As he grew up,he became more clever.When he arrived home,it was just nine oclock.While he was in London,he studied music.1.Hold the line.=Wait a moment/minute/second.2.answer the phone/pick up the phone 3.eat Beijing roast duck 4.Wasnt the scenery beautiful?5.just so-so 6.agree w

48、ith sb.=disagree 7.please“使高兴”;pleased“高兴的”;pleasant“令人高兴(愉快)的”;pleasure“高兴”8.make faces 9.listen to the teacher 10.in the early 1800s 间宾语从句将来时否定句一般疑问句肯定回答否定回答画线提问看到某人做了某事强调过程经常发生看到某人在做某事强调瞬间偶尔发生类似用法的动词还有介词介词后跟动词动词应加常见介词有与对抗比赛为反对而斗争将来时将形容词为球队效力职业职业形容词最高级名词复数谓语单数打破奥运会记录获得金牌放弃做某事参加加入某组织政党团体俱乐部等等并成为其中一

49、员参加某活动参加某活动或加入某一群人中花费擅长于跳远跳高形容词形容词名词类待很久动身前往离开前往语法表示建议的句型做某事你不介意吗如果我做某事你不介意吗表示允许的回答表示不允许的回答把某物递给某人你那么做是什么意思立刻马上自我管理介词对某人大吼对某事生气对某人生气也否定句疑问11.all day 12.too+adj.to do sth.13.make Saturday afternoon a holiday Unit 4 Our World Topic One 形容词的比较级、最高级：规则变化：A.单音节和少数双音节 加-er 或-est:great-greater-greatest 以 e

50、 结尾的加-r 或-st:fine-finer-finest 辅音字母+y 结尾的,变 y 为 i 加-er 或-est:happy-happier-happiest 重读,辅元辅结尾,尾字母有独立发音的,双写尾字母加-er 或-est:big-bigger-biggest B.多音节和部分双音节 在词前加 more或 most:popular-more popular-the most popular 不规则变化：good/well-better-best;bad/ill-worse-worst;many/much-more-most;little-less-least;far-farthe