2021年广西梧州市中考数学试卷真题 (一).pdf

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1、2021年广西梧州市中考数学试卷一、选 择 题（本大题共12小题，每小题3分，共36分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是正确的，每小题选对得3分，选错、不选或多选均得零分）1.-3 的绝对值是（）1 1A.-3 B.3 C.D.一3 32.下列图形既是轴对称图形，也是中心对称图形的是（）3.根据梧州日报报道，梧州市委宣传部大力开展庆祝中国共产党成立100周年优秀影片展映展播，线上文艺展播点击率为4 12万人次，其中4 120000用科学记数法表示为（）A.4.12X 105 B.4.12X 106 C.4.12X 107 D.4.12X 1084 .如图是由5个大小相同的正方体搭成的几何体

2、，则这个几何体的主视图是（）5.一个口袋里装有4个白球，5个黑球，除颜色外,其余如材料、大小、质量等完全相同，随意从中抽出一个球,抽到白球的概率是（）6.如图，OE是 A B C 的边BC的垂直平分线，分别交边A B,B C 于点D,E,且 A B=9,A C=6,则A C。的周长 是（）A.10.5 B.12 C.15 D.187.在A A B C 中，Z A=20,NB=4NC,则NC 等 于（）A.32 B.36 C.4 0 D.1288.下列计算正确的是（）A.712=3V 2 B.V2+V =A/5 C.y =-/3 D.（夜）,=29.若扇形的半径为3,圆心角为60 ,则此扇形的弧

3、长是（）A.F B.T T C.F D.2TT2 210.如图，在 R t A B C 中，点 D,E,尸分别是边A B,AC,BC的中点，A C=8,BC=6,则四边形C E Q F 的面积是（）A.6 B.12 C.24 D.4 811.如图，在同一平面直角坐标系中，直线y=f （f 为常数）与反比例函数y i=g,）2=的图象分别交于点A,2,2 212.在平面直角坐标系中，已知点A （0,1）,B（0,-5）,若在x 轴正半轴上有一点C,使/A C 2=30 ,则点C的横坐标是（）A.3V 3+4 V 2 B.12 C.6+3百 D.6V 3二、填 空 题（本大题共6小题，每小题3分，

4、共18分）13.V I 的相反数是.14 .如图，在同一平面直角坐标系中，直 线 d 产&与直线/2：尸 区+3 相交于点A,则方程组卜；的（y =f c x 4-315 .关于x 的一元二次方程-2x+l=0有两个不相等的实数根，则实数，的取值范围是16.某市跨江大桥即将竣工，某学生做了一个平面示意图(如图)，点 A 到桥的距离是4 0 米，测得N4=83,则大 桥 的 长 度 是 米.(结果精确到1米)(参考数据：s in 83 0.9 9,c o s 83g 0.12,t a n 83比8.14)17.如图，正六边形A8CZ J EF 的周长是24c m,连接这个六边形的各边中点G,H,

5、K,L,M,N,则六边形G H K L M N的周长是，18.如图，直线/的函数表达式为y=x-1,在直线/上顺次取点Ai(2,1),A2(3,2),A3(4,3),A4(5,4),An(+1,H),构成形如口”的图形的阴影部分面积分别表示为S i,S 2,S 3,，Sn,则$2 0 2 1=.三、解答题(本大题共8 小题，满 分 66分)19 .计算：(-1)2+(-8)+4+机一(-2021).20.计算：(x -2)2-x (x -1)+-21.某校为提高学生的安全意识，开展了安全知识竞赛，这次竞赛成绩满分为10分.现从该校七年级中随机抽取10名学生的竞赛成绩，这10名学生的竞赛成绩是：

6、10,9,9,8,10,8,10,9,7,10.(1)求 这10名学生竞赛成绩的中位数和平均数；(2)该校七年级共400名学生参加了此次竞赛活动，根据上述10名学生竞赛成绩情况估计参加此次竞赛活动成绩为满分的学生人数是多少？22.运用方程或方程组解决实际问题：若干学生分若干支铅笔，如果每人5支，那么多余3支；如果每人7支，那么缺5支.试问有多少名学生？共有多少支铅笔？23.如图，在RINACO中，ZA C D=90，点O在CD上，作使。与AO相切于点8,。与C交于点E,过点。作力F Z M C,交4。的延长线于点凡 且(1)求证：AC是。的切线;(2)若 OC=3,D E=2,求 ta n/F

7、 的值.BDA2 4.某工厂急需生产一批健身器械共500台，送往销售点出售.当生产150台后，接到通知，要求提前完成任务,因而接下来的时间里每天生产的台数提高到原来的1.4倍，一共用8天刚好完成任务.(1)原来每天生产健身器械多少台？(2)运输公司大货车数量不足10辆，小货车数量充足，计划同时使用大、小货车次完成这批健身器械的运输.已知每辆大货车一次可以运输健身器械50台，每辆车需要费用1500元;每辆小货车一次可以运输健身器械20台，每辆车需要费用800元.在运输总费用不多于16000元的前提下，请写出所有符合题意的运输方案？哪种运输方案的费用最低，最低运输费用是多少？2 5.如图，在正方形

8、ABC。中，点E,尸分别为边BC,C。上的点，且AEJ_8尸于点P,G为4。的中点，连接GP,过点P作P/7LG尸交A 8于点4,连接G”.(1)求证：B E=C F；1(2)若 AB=6,BE=B C,求 GH 的长.2 6.如图，在平面直角坐标系中，抛物线y=/+Z z x+c经过点A(-1,0),B(0,3),顶点为C.平移此抛物线，得到一条新的抛物线，且新抛物线上的点。(3,-1)为原抛物线上点4的对应点，新抛物线顶点为E,它与y轴交于点G,连 接CG,EG,CE.(1)求原抛物线对应的函数表达式；(2)在原抛物线或新抛物线上找一点F,使以点C,E,F,G为顶点的四边形是平行四边形，并

9、求出点F的坐标；(3)若点K是y轴上的一个动点，且在点B的上方，过点K作C E的平行线，分别交两条抛物线于点M,M且点N分别在y轴的两侧，当时，请直接写出点K的坐标.2021年广西中考数学试卷一、选择题：本大题共12小题，每小题3 分，共 36分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的,把正确答案的标号填（涂）在答题卡内相应的位置上.1.计算：-1+2 的结果是（）A.1B.-1C.3D.-32.我市今年中考报名人数接近10 10 0 0 人,将数据10 10 0 0 用科学记数法表示是（）A.10.1 X 104 B.1.0 1 X 105C.1.0 1X 106 D.0.10

10、1 X 1063.如图是某几何体的三视图，则该几何体是（）A.圆锥B.圆柱C.长方体D.三棱柱4.下列计算正确的是()A.a5+a5aOC.Cab)i=ab 3B.D.a64-a2=a4-3(tz -b)-3a-3b5.甲、乙两人进行飞镖比赛，每人各投6次，他们的成绩如下表（单位：环）：甲 6,7,8,8,9,9乙 5,6,x,9,9,10如果两人的比赛成绩的中位数相同，那么乙的第三次成绩x是（）A.6 环 B.7 环 C.8 环 D.9环6 .如图，/X ABC底边8c上的高为加，底 边 Q?上的高为2,则 有（）C.hih2 D.以上都有可能7.学习圆的性质后，小铭与小熹就讨论起来，小铭说

11、：“被直径平分的弦也与直径垂直”，小熹说：“用反例就能说明这是假命题”.下列判断正确的是（）A.两人说的都对B.小铭说的对，小熹说的反例不存在C.两人说的都不对D.小铭说的不对，小熹说的反例存在8.一个不透明的盒子中装有2个黑球和4个白球，这些球除颜色外其他均相同，从中任意摸出3个球，下列事件为必然事件的是()A.至少有1个白球 B.至少有2个白球C.至少有1 个黑球 D.至少有2个黑球9.已知关于x的一元二次方程：/-2 x+瓶=0 有两个不相等的实数根x i,X2,则()A.X|4-X 2 0 B.XX2-1 D.X 1X 2=A C,求D F C 的值.3 2AAED22.（8 分）“五

12、一”后某校组织了八年级学生参加建党100周年知识竞赛，为了了解学生对党史知识的掌握情况，学校随机抽取了部分同学的成绩作为样本，把成绩按不及格、合格、良好、优秀四个等级分别进行统计，并绘制了如下不完整的条形统计图与扇形统计图：请根据图中提供的信息解答下列问题:（1）根据给出的信息，将这两个统计图补充完整（不必写出计算过程）;(2)该校八年级有学生6 5 0人，请估计成绩未达到“良好”及以上的有多少人？(3)“优秀”学生中有甲、乙、丙、丁四位同学表现突出，现从中派2人参加区级比赛，求抽到甲、乙两人的概率.2 3.(8分)如 图，O。与 等 边 的 边A C,A B分别交于点。，E,A E是直径，过

13、点。作。F J_ BC于点尺(1)求证：。尸是的切线：(2)连接E F,当E F是。的切线时，求0。的半径r与等边a A B C的边长a之间的数量关系.2 4.(8分)某市垃圾处理厂利用焚烧垃圾产生的热能发电.有4,8两个焚烧炉，每个焚烧炉每天焚烧垃圾均为1 0 0吨，每焚烧一吨垃圾，A焚烧炉比B焚烧炉多发电5 0度，A,8焚烧炉每天共发电5 5 0 0 0度.(1)求焚烧一吨垃圾，A焚烧炉和B焚烧炉各发电多少度？(2)若经过改进工艺，与改进工艺之前相比每焚烧一吨垃圾,A焚烧炉和B焚烧炉的发电量分别增加4 和2 a%,则4,8焚烧炉每天共发电至少增加(5+a)%,求。的最小值.2 5.(1 0

14、 分)如图，在四边形A B C Q 中，对角线AC与 B O交于点。，已知O A =O C,O B=O D,过点。作 E 匚L B。,分别交A 8、DC于点E,F,连接。E,BF.(1)求证：四边形D E B F是菱形：(2)设 A Z)E R AD+AB2,BO=4,求 A f 的长.26.(12分)已知抛物线：y=a?-3ax-4a(0)与x轴交点为A,B(A 在 B的左侧)，顶点为。.(1)求点A,B的坐标及抛物线的对称轴；(2)若直线y=-3 x与抛物线交于点M,N,且 M,N关于原点对称，求抛物线的解析式；(3)如图，将(2)中的抛物线向上平移，使得新的抛物线的顶点。在直线/：y=工

15、上，设直线/与y轴的交点为。，原抛物线上的点P平移后的对应点为点Q,若 O P=0 Q,求点P,。的坐标.2021年普通高中招生考试试卷英 语注意事项：1.本试卷共10页，六个大题，满 分 120分，考试时间100分钟。2.本试卷上不要答题，请按答题卡上注意事项的要求直接把答案填写在答题卡上。答在试卷上的答案无效。一、听力理解（20小题，每小题1分，共20分）第一节听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。1.What is the weather like now?A.Hot.B.Warm.C.Cold2.What kind of

16、 music does the woman like?A.Rock music.B.Pop music.C.Country music.3.What is Sally Brown?A.A teacher.B.A doctor.C.A writer.4.Where are the speakers?A.In a library.B.In a bookstore.C.In a classroom.5.What did the woman do last weekend?A.She went fishing.B.She went camping.C.She went bike riding.第二节听

17、下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6 至第7 两个小题。13.Whats the possible relationship between the two speakers?A.Guide and tourist.B.Mother and son.C.Friends.14.Where will they go tomorrow?A.To the museum.B.To e cinema.C.To the school.6.How much does the man pay for his

18、 juice?A.10 yuan.B.15 yuan.C.20 yuan.7.What does the man take at last?A.Orange juice.B.Lemon juice.C.Apple juice.听下面一段对话，回答第8 至第9 两个小题。8.Whom does the boy plan to ravel with?A.His mother.B.His father.C.His friend.9.When is the boy leaving for Xian?A.On July 3.B.On July5.C.On July 7.听下面一段独白，回答第10至 第

19、12三个小题。10.How long will the activity last?A.3 days.B.5 days.C.7 days.11.How will the students get to the village school?A.On foot.B.By bike.C.By bus.12.Which group will play sports with children?A.Group One.B.Group Two.C.Group Three.听下面一段对话，回答第13至 第 15三个小题。15.When will they meet?A.A 8:00 a.m.B.At 8:

20、30 a.m.C.At 9:00 a.m.第三节听下面一篇短文。按照你所听内容的先后顺序将下列图片排序。短文读两遍。16.17.18.19.20.二、阅读理解（20小题，每小题2 分，共 40分）阅读下面四篇语言材料，然后按文后要求做题。ACreate Your Own Story CompetitionIf you love to write,draw and create stories,heres your chance!Come and join in the Create Your Own Story Competition（13-19 September 2021）1 st pla

21、ce2nd place3rd to 6th places1 dictionary and 20 books1 dictionary and 10 books1 dictionary and 5 booksAll you have to do is to create your own stories.The competition is only open to the students in Grand Middle School.Please write a story in at least 300 words.|Pictures are not necessary but storie

22、s with creative pictures will get extra（额 夕 卜 的）points._ /_Get an entry form（参赛表格）from www.GrandMiddleSchooL.org/createyourownstory.The closing date:September 20,2021.The best stories will be posted on www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/beststones.Everyone will have thechance to vote（投票）for their favorite st

23、ories from 23 to 25 September 2021.Names of winners will also be posted on www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/beststuRes on September 30,2021.Please call 1800 6221 4422 or visit www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/storycompetition for moreinformation.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。21.If you win the 5th place,what prizes will you get?A.

24、1 dictionary and 5 books.B.1 dictionary and 10 books.C.1 dictionary and 15 books.D.1 dictionary and 20 books.22.Jimmy is refused to take part in the competition probably b e c a u s e.A.he creates the story all by himselfB.his story has more than 300 wordsC.his story doesnt have any picturesD.He isn

25、t from Grand Middle School23.When can you vote for your favorite stories?A.On September 13.B.On September 20.C.On September 24.D.On September 30.24.What can you find on www.GrandMiddleSchool.org/storycornpetition?A.Best stories.B.More information.C.An entry form.D.Names of winners.25.Who is the text

26、 written for?A.Students.B.Teachers.C.Parents.D.Artists.“Oh,boys,dont throw stones at the poor bird,“said an old grey-headed man“Sir,said a little one,*she makes such a loud noise that we cant bear her.,“I am afraid the stone will rebound（反弹）and hurt you as long as you live!”“Rebound!We dont understa

27、nd you,sir!”“Well,I will tell you a true story.“Fifty years ago,I liked throwing stones because I had no other boy to play with and Ibecame very skillful.One day I went to work for an old couple who were very friendly toeverybody,even to the birds.And the birds seemed to love the old couple,too.For

28、sevenyears a bird had come and built her nest（鸟巢）in the same place.She and her mate had justreturned on the day I went to work and the old couple welcomed them happily.During theday,I thought I would try my skill upon her.Suddenly the bird flew to a tree near me.I founda nice stone,and I threw it wi

29、th my best skill.It hit the bird on the head and she dropped dead!“I was sorry the moment I saw her fall off the tree.But it was too late.All day long her mate flew about,and chirped（发I周I歌声）so sadly that he made my heart ache.I said nothing to the old couple but one of their grandchildren told thema

30、bout it.Though the old couple never said a word to me,I knew that they were very sad.I could never look them in the eyeand tell them how sorry I was.They have been dead for many,many years,and so has the poor bird.But dont you see howthat stone rebounded,and hit me?For fifty years I have still remem

31、bered it though I have never spoken of it before.But ifwhat I have told you will stop you,I will be happy.The boys at once dropped the stones in their hands and the bird had no more trouble from them.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。26.Why did the boy throw stones at the bird according to what the little boy said?A.Bec

32、ause they wanted to catch the bird.B.Because they thought the bird was noisy.C.Because they wanted to practice their skills.D.Because they thought throwing stones was fun.27.Which word can best describe the old couple?A.Kind.B.Strict.C.Proud.D.Funny.28.The underlined word ttThey refers to.A.the bird

33、s B.the old couple C.the boys D.the grandchildren29.How did the old man stop the boys from throwing stones at the bird?A.By driving away the bird.B.By taking away their stones.C.By playing jokes on the boys.D.By telling the boys his own story.30.What can we learn from the text?A.Dont hurt others,or

34、you will hurt yourself.B.Try to save others and you will feel happier.C.Keep practicing and you will be very skillful.D.Dont waste time,or you will achieve nothing.CEvery living thing needs to reproduce.Reproducing means creating more members of your group.In order for plants toreproduce,they have t

35、o spread their seeds（种子）to other areas.Plants have developed all kinds of ways to do this.The simplest way is gravity.Many seeds are inside of fruit.When a piece of fruit gets too heavy,it falls from a tree tothe ground.Sometimes animals will pick up the fruit and drop it in another area.That helps

36、move the seed even fartheraway.Apples spread this way.Other plants use wind to spread their seeds.Dandelions are a good example of this.Dandelion seeds are so light thatwhen wind blows,it carries dandelion seeds to new places.Maple（枫树）seeds also use wind.Their seeds are connectedwith long,thin leave

37、s that look likewings.When the seed falls from the tree,its“wings“help it fly farther from the tree.Some animals help plants spread their seeds.The animals eat the seeds.While the seed is in the animals body,it stayswhole,when the seed leaves the animal,its in a new place.Ants also help spread seeds

38、.Some seeds have a special smell that attracts ants.The ants bring the seeds back to theirhome,which of course is underground.They only eat part of the seed.They leave the rest of the seed underground.Afterthat,the seed can start growing.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。31.What does the word“gravity”mean in the second

39、paragraph?A.The action that makes animals drop seeds.B.The help that moves seeds even farther away.C.The need that comes from animals and plants.D.The force that causes fruit to fall to the ground.32.How do maples spread their seeds?A.They use ants.B.They use wind.C.They use smells.D.They use animal

40、s.33.What do ants do to help spread seeds?a.They only eat part of the seed.b.They help seeds fall from the tree.c.They carry seeds to the underground home.d.They pick up the fruit and move it far away.e.They leave the rest of the seed underground.A.b,d,e B.a,b,d C.a,c,e D.b,c,d34.What is the theme（主

41、 题）of the text?A.Natare.B.Culture.C.Education.D.Technology.35.Whats the best title for the text?A.How Plants Spread Seeds?B.Why Animals Pick Up Seeds?C.How Wind Helps Seeds Spread?D.Why Seeds Have a Special Trip?DA mind map is basically a tool that connects information around a central subject.It ca

42、nhelp you make a knowledge bank to solve problems.A student recently said,“I thought mindmapping would take a lot of time to do but in fact it saves me time.36How to make a mind map?Now follow these steps for making wonderful mind maps.37 Why?Because starting in the center lets your brain spread out

43、 in alldirections and express itself more freely and naturally.Use a picture for your central idea.Why?Because a picture is worth a thousand words and helps you use yourimagination.38 It helps get your attention and makes you work excitedly!Connect your main branches（分支）to the central picture and co

44、nnect your second-and-third-level branches to the first andsecond levels,etc.Why?Because your brain works by connection.39 If you connect the branches,you willunderstand and remember a lot more easily.Use one key word every line.Why?Because every single key word can make you learn more clearly and e

45、asily.40 Why?Because each picture,just like the central picture,is also worth a thousand words.So,if you have 10pictures in your mind map,they are already worth 10,000 words of notes.Try to use more colors.Why?Because colors are as exciting to your brain as pictures.Color adds great energy to yourcr

46、eative thinking,and is fun!根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意通顺、内容完整。A.Start in the center of a page.B.Use pictures as many as possible.C.A central picture is more interesting.D.I dont have to read my notes over and over again.E.It likes to connect two,or three,or four things together.三、完形 填 空（15小题

47、，每小题1 分，共 15分）先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D 个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。I dont want to go,Miss White.Tm frightened（害怕的）,very frightened,Monica toldher teacher.Monica was a very 41 girl.She always sat at the back of the classroom,42 or taking notes.Every Mondaymorning,there would be a special show in her class a

48、nd one student would be 43 to make a speech about his or herdream.Miss White hoped that Monica could have a try the next week.But she refused.“I know that it seems 44 for you,but it will help you build up your confidence,said Miss White.Monica waslost in thought.The next day,Monica came to Miss Whit

49、es office.Miss White was 45 that she would take the chance.Miss Whitered-penciled her manuscript（手稿）of speech,corrected her 46,and even helped with her body language.She advisedMonica to practice,to 47 that she wasspeaking confidently in font of her class.48 a whole week,Monica practiced speaking in

50、 font of her imaginaryfriends and teacher.Behind the locked door of her bedroom,she told them about her 49.Finally,Monday arrived.50 Monica was called upon to give her speech,she 51 and walked to the front ofthe class without any notes,in a show of confidence.Monicas successful performance brought e