2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试卷（七）解析.pdf

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1、绝密启用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试卷（七）英语试卷第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere are a number of sports writers who are now widely regarded as some of the bestsports journalists of our time.Here are five of the most well-known sports writers.Rick Reilly of Sport

2、s IllustratedRick Reilly became famous as the back page columnist（专栏作家）for Sports Illustratedmagazine.Then he moved to ESPN in 2008 and began working as a columnist for theirwebsite ESPN.com.Now he has his own show with ESPN,and he also contributes articlesto ABC sports.Bob Ryan of The Boston GlobeB

3、ob Ryan rose through the ranks thanks to his skill and knowledge about basketball.Hevery soon became known as a guru of the sport,writing an impressively large number ofarticles about The Boston Celtics-a National Basketball Association（NBA）team based inBoston,Massachusetts.John Feinstein of The Was

4、hington PostJohn Feinstein is primarily a columnist with The Washington Post but during his longcareer he has published two best-selling sports books A Good Walk Spoiled and A Season onthe Brink.He is a regular with the Golf Channel and has a very popular blog called Feinsteinon the Brink.Joaquin He

5、nson of The Philippine StarJoaquin Henson started out his sports journalism career in 1973 and became popularthrough his column Sporting Chance,which has been published in The Philippine Star sincethe 80s.He has given a number of catchy nicknames to some of the most famous sportingstars of our time.

6、William Rhoden of The New York TimesApart from being a columnist with The New York Times since the 80s,William Rhodenis a respected sports journalist known for his two books Forty Million Dollar Slaves andThird and a Mile.Both books deal with the problems that face black athletes in the field ofspor

7、t.1.Before working for ESPN,Rick Re i l l y.A.was a regular with the Golf Channel B.started his column Sporting ChanceC.wrote articles for Sports Illustrated D.worked as a sports talk show host2.Both John Feinstein and William R h o d e n.A.have worked as writers for ten yearsB.work as columnists an

8、d write booksC.like to give nicknames to sporting starsD.are known as columnists for ABC sports3.What would be the best title for the text?A.Useful tips for a sports journalistC.Newspapers that influence us a lotB.How to be a newspaper columnistD.Famous and popular sports writers【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了

9、五位最有名的运动专栏作者。1.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Rick Reilly became famous as the back page columnist（专栏作家）for Sports Illustrated magazine.Then he moved to ESPN in 2008”可知，Rick Reilly在 2008年去ESPN之前,是作为Sports/sowed杂志的专栏作家而出名的。故选C 项。2.细节理解题。根据第四段中“John Feinstein is primarily a columnist with The WashingtonPost but during

10、his long career he has published two best-selling sports books（约翰范斯坦试卷第2页，总25页本来是 华盛顿邮报的专栏作家，但在他漫长的职业生涯中，他出版了两本最畅销的体育书籍）”和最后一*段中“Apart from being a columnist with The New York Times since the80s,William Rhoden is a respected sports journalist known for his two books（威廉罗登不仅是80年代以来纽约时报的专栏作家，而且是一位以两本书而

11、闻名的受人尊敬的体育记者）”可知,John Feinstein和William Rhoden都既是作家又出版了自己的书。故选B项。3.主旨大意题。A 项意为：对体育记者有用的提示；B 项意为：如何成为一名报纸专栏作家；C 项意为：对我们影响很大的报纸；D 项意为：著名且受欢迎的体育记者;根据文章第一段最后一句话，“Here are five of the most well-known sports writers.可知这篇文章主要就是要向我们介绍武威最有名的运动专栏作者。故选D 项。【点睛】为文章选标题的方法：第一步：仔细理解每个选项的含义；第二步：找出全文的主旨句，般在文章的开头或结尾。第

12、三步，将主旨句与选项内容进行对比，能与主旨句匹配在一起的就是正确选项。BDr.Faisal Zawawi,an Otolaryngologist and member of the McGill Auditory SciencesLaboratory,notes that when a person is exposed to loud noises it can cause short-term hearingloss but that under normal circumstances the body typically is able to repair the loss ofhea

13、ring within 72 hours.However,Zawawi warns that if symptoms are not reversed（倒转）inthe first 72 hours the damage could become permanent.Due to findings in previous studiesabout it,Zawawi says that the team of researchers has suspected that something may stop thisrepair process.Therefore,the team set o

14、ut to determine if caffeine could be a contributingcause to hearing loss.According to the Medical Daily,the researchers tested what theysuspected on female guinea pigs（FGP）（豚鼠）.To perform the test,24 female guinea pigs were split into three equal groups with eachgroup exposed in different levels to

15、caffeine,and loud noises.The researchers found that theguinea pigs subjected to only sound had their full hearing recovered by day eight.However,the guinea pigs that were subjected to both caffeine and loud noise never fully regained theirhearing.Therefore,the researchers concluded that caffeine is

16、a likely contributing cause topermanent hearing loss.“This research confinns that while a cup of coffee may seem appealing after a long nightat a loud concert,drinking caffeine produces more of a risk than benefit when it comes to aperson*s hearing.Although further research is required to understand

17、 the effect on humans,the results are promising,says Zawawi.If the research proves successful,the removal ofcaffeine from your diet following noise exposure could prevent permanent hearing loss as thebody will be more able to repair itself naturally.4.What caused the team to do the research?A.Caffei

18、ne loving people suffering hearing loss.B.The results about hearing loss found before.C.The finding that FGPs are sensitive to noise.D.The fact that many people drink coffee.5.What is Zawawis view about temporary hearing loss?A.Drinking coffee daily results in it.B.The continuous noise exposure sure

19、ly causes it.C.The temporary hearing loss will become permanent after 3 days.D.Generally people can recover from it in 3 days.6.What can we learn about hearing from the text?A.Coffee can lead to quick hearing loss.B.Loud noise causes people to lose it forever.C.Coffee can stop it from recovering.D.H

20、earing loss after noise exposure is normal.7.How does Zawawi assess the research?A.Its controversial.B.It*s unnecessary to carry it on.试卷第4页，总25页C.Its not predictable.D.Its al most successful.【分析】本文是说明文。Zawawi博士指出在正常情况下，暂时性听力损伤，72小时内可以修复。如果症状在最初的72小时内不被逆转，将会是永久性的损伤。研究人员通过实验表明，咖啡因可能是导致听力无法恢复的原因。4.细节理

21、解题。根据第一段“under normal circumstances the body typically is able to repairthe loss of hearing within 72 hours.（在正常情况下,身体通常能够在72小时内修复听力损失。）和Due to findings in previous studies about it,Zawawi says that the team ofresearchers has suspected that something may stop this repair process（Zawawi 说，根据之前的研究发现，研

22、究小组怀疑可能有什么东西阻止了这种修复过程）”可知，根据以前的研究结果，研究小组怀疑某种东西可能会阻止这种修复过程。于是研究小组决定进行研究。故选B。5.细节理解题。根据第一段“when a person is exposed to loud noises it can cause short-termhearing loss but that under normal circumstances the body typically is able to repair the lossof hearing within 72 hours”可知，当一个人暴露在巨大的噪音中，可能会导致短期的听力

23、损失，但在正常情况下，身体通常能够在72小时内修复听力损失。由此可知，Zawawi认为在正常情况下，暂时性听力受损在3 天内可以恢复。故选D。6.细节理解题。根据第三段“the researchers concluded that caffeine is a likely contributingcause to permanent hearing loss”可知，研究人员得出结论：咖啡因可能导致永久性听力损伤，使听力无法恢复。故选C。7.推理判断题。根据第三段“Although further research is required to understand the effect onh

24、umans,the results are promising”可知I,虽然还需要进一步的研究来了解其对人类的影响,但研究结果是有希望的。由此可知，Zawawi认为该项研究几乎是成功的。故选D。CSmall talk has a reputation for being uninteresting,and for good reason.Pointing out thefact that its raining seems as ridiculous as pointing out the fact that you have a headyourefully aware of both th

25、ings,and dont require an outsider to confirm them.But despite beingevident and often painfully dull,small talk has an important role to fulfil,enabling us to leapover a number of social obstacles towards improved,meaningful interaction.Humans can be sensitive souls.We each have our boundaries and li

26、sts of potential upsets,which when broken,cause us to either gently back away to an alternative position in the room,or become cross at the person.Small talk is first a way to test the waters with an unfamiliarperson,so that you may better understand their personality.When finding yourself positione

27、dclosely to a person who you know little about,its much safer to point out the rainy sky thanto share your political views on a sensitive topic.Until you know the person better,heaviertopics should probably be kept under wraps,so you wont find yourself on the receiving endof a cold stare.Though insi

28、gnificant,small talk still has great power.When talking with fellow humans,much of our soul is exposed through non-verbal communication.A response to“how wasyour weekend,can unveil much about the persons character.The length of their responsemight indicate their level of self-confidence;the tone of

29、speaking might show how agreeablea person is;their slightly lowered head,as if protecting themselves from attack,a possiblesign of a regrettable history of bullying.As more of a persons character is revealed,we have the insight needed to determinewhether to broach more significant topics-the things

30、that we actually want to talk about.Conversation is a great educator,and deep conversation establish lasting bonds with ourfellow humans,forming precious friendships that paint our lives with vibrant colors.Suchfriendships begin with small talk.8.What is described in the first paragraph?A.The first

31、stage of human interaction.B.Ridiculous human behavior in communication.C.Absence of communication between strangers.D.The difficulty of having deep conversations.9.Why do people find themselves on the receiving end of a cold stare”？试卷第6页，总25页A.Because they are fond of heavy subjects.B.Because they

32、are enthusiastic about politics.C.Because they are too sensitive about topics.D.Because they fail to manage interpersonal distance.10.What might be a sign of friendliness according to paragraph 3?A.The length of the answer.B.The quality of the voice.C.The position of the head.D.The distance between

33、speakers.11.What might be the best title for the text?A.Reputation of Small Talk B.Ways of Understanding PersonalityC.Significance of Small Talk D.Challenges of Deep Conversation【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了闲聊是人类交往互动的第一步，能够是人类跨越许多社交障碍，深入的交谈能与我们与其他人建立持久的联系，形成宝贵的友谊，使我们的生活充满活力，友谊从闲聊开始，着重描述了闲聊的意义。8.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Bu

34、t despite being evident and often painfUHy dull,small talkhas an important role to fulfil,enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towardsimproved,meaningful interaction.（不过，尽管闲聊往往明显枯燥得令人痛苦，但它仍能发挥重要作用，使我们能够跨越许多社会障碍，改善有意义的互动。广可知，闲聊是跨越许多社会障碍，改善互动的方式，由此可知，第一段讲述的是：闲聊是人类互动的第一步，故选A 项。9.推理判断题。

35、根据第二段“When finding yourself positioned closely to a person who youknow little about,its much safer to point out the rainy sky than to share your political viewson a sensitive topic.Until you know the person belter,heavier topics should probably be keptunder wraps,so you wont find yourself on the rec

36、eiving end of a cold stare.（当你发现 自 己靠近一个你不太了解的人时，聊天气情况要比就一个敏感话题发表你的政治观点安全得多。在你更好地了解对方之前，较严肃的话题应该保密，这样你才不会被冷眼瞪着。y可知，如果闲聊的话题没有控制住敏感度是不“安全的工由此推知，如果闲聊不能控制好话题的“人际距离”将会被冷眼相待，故选D项。10.细节理解题。根据第三段“A response to“how was your weekend,can unveil muchabout the persons character.The length of their response might

37、 indicate their level ofself-confidence;the tone of speaking might show how agreeable a person is;（对“周末过得怎么样 的回答可以揭示出这个人的很多性格特征。他们回答的长度可能表明了他们的自信程度;说话的语气可以显示出个人是多么和蔼可亲;）“可知体现一个人友好、和蔼的标志是说话的语气。故选B 项。11.标题判断题。根据第一段“But despite being evident and often painfully dull,small talkhas an important role to f

38、ulfil,enabling us to leap over a number of social obstacles towardsimproved,meaningful interaction4不过，尽管闲聊往往明显枯燥得令人痛苦，但它仍能发挥重要作用，使我们能够跨越许多社会障碍，改善有意义的互动。）和结合最后一段Conversation is a great educator,and deep conversation establish lasting bondswith our fellow humans,forming precious friendships that paint

39、 our lives with vibrant colors.Such friendships begin with small talk.（交谈是伟大的教育家，深入的交谈能与我们的同胞建立持久的联系，形成宝贵的友谊，使我们的生活充满活力。这样的友谊从闲聊开始。y可知，文章主要在说明闲聊的重要性，所以c 项“闲聊的意义”适合做文章的标题，故选c 项。DAs educators across the globe look to improve students outcomes,a new trend isbeginning to take root.Equipped with the know

40、ledge that indoor plants improve generalhealth and well-being,living green walls,like those created by GSky Plant Systems,Inc.,arebringing life to educational spaces.This fall,to help enrich student learning,GSky completed the installation（安装）of aVersa Wall for the new Biomedical Sciences and Engine

41、ering（BSE）facility at Universities atShady Grove in Rockville,Maryland.lThe living wall is meant to almost appear as anextension of the east courtyard exterior（外面的）environment flowing into the building,9saidChristopher Case,Project Engineer for Gilbane Building Company.试卷第8页，总25页As the educational m

42、odel continues its shift toward a science,technology,engineering,art and math(STEAM)curriculum,Educators are looking for more hands-on learningopportunities.Green walls provide teachers with a new way to put STEAM principles into thecurriculum.Known as project-based learning,this method allows instr

43、uctors to develop educationalopportunities for students to interact with a green wall.Michael McCullough,Michael Martinand Mollika Sajady,in their article,“Implementing(实施)Greer Walls in school,“explain thebenefits of project-based learning：The project-based learning allows students to constructmean

44、ing and knowledge based on direct experience,interacting with their environment.Inturn,students are encouraged to use critical thinking to develop ways to maintain a green wall,once again,bring them back to the natural world,in spite of being indoors.The benefits of green walls dont end at better te

45、st scores and increased learningopportunities.Because stress levels often run high in schools,green walls naturally helpreduce that stress and anxiety.Plus,the addition of greenery in schools decreases carbondioxide in the atmosphere,leading to a reduction in headaches,dizziness,and tiredness,-allof

46、 which contribute to students ability to focus.To increase productivity while beautifying a space,Georgetown University also chose aGSky Versa Wall for a student center in one of their residence halls,New South.The 828-square-foot vertical garden is filled with 5000 plants,allowing students to breat

47、he easy.So,no matter the location or learning style,GSkys green walls are proving to be acritical element in creating a positive educational experience for students,big and small.12.What did Christopher say about the living wall?A.It extends as far as the east country yard.B.It appears as if its con

48、stantly moving.C.It beautifies the country yard exterior environment.D.It brings the outdoor environment into the building.13.What does Implementing Green Walls in School”show about green walls?A.They are beneficial to the students?studies.B.They still need further improving.C.They might replace som

49、e STEAM courses.D.They work well in improving general health.14.Why is Georgetown University mentioned in Paragraph 6?A.To complain about the wrong location of GSky*s green walls.B.To display possible learning opportunities at universities.C.To show GSkys green walls functions.D.To explain a new tre

50、nd among universities.15.What is the test mainly about?A.New environmentally friendly measures.B.The unexpected fast development of GSky.C.Living green walls in educational institutions.D.The connection between knowledge and plants.【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了把户外环境带到建筑里的“绿色墙”，这种绿色墙应用于校园等教育机构内已经成为了一种新的趋势。12.细节理