2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试卷（二）解析.pdf

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1、绝密启用前2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试卷（二）英语试卷第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGuide to H汰ing on the Appalachian TrailHow do I Leave No Trace on the Appalachian Trail?”At about 2,189 miles,the Appalachian Trail is the longest single unit of the NationalPark System.W

2、ith the number of people visiting this place increasing each year,the chancesare great that any of us may damage the natural environment along the Trail and affect theexperience for others.So please do your part by following these hiking and camping practices,and encourage others to learn about and

3、adopt these techniques.1.Plan ahead and prepare.Evaluate the risks associated with your outing,identify campsites and destinations inadvance,and use maps and guides.Prepare for extreme weather,dangers,and emergencies-especially the cold-to avoid impacts from searches,rescues,and campfires.Learn when

4、areas are most crowded and try to avoid those times.2.Dispose of waste properly.Pack out all trash and food waste,including that left behind by others.Dont bury trashor food,and dont try to bum packaging materials in campfires.Use the privy（茅房）forhuman waste only.Do not add trash.If there is no priv

5、y,dispose of human waste by buryingit in a hole,a hole at least 200 feet（80 steps）from campsites,water sources and shelters,andwell away from trails.3.Leave what you find.Leave plants,cultural artifacts(文物)and other natural objects where you found themfor others to enjoy.Do not damage live trees or

6、plants;green wood burns poorly.Collect onlyfirewood that is dead,down,and no larger than your wrist.Leave dead standing trees anddead limbs on standing trees for the wildlife.4.Minimize campfire impacts.Use stoves for cooking-if you need a fire,build one only where its legal and in anexisting fire r

7、ing.Keep fires small.Never leave your campfire unattended,and drown it whenyou leave.Do not try to burn trash,including plastic,glass,cans,tea bags,food,or anythingwith food on it.These items do not burn thoroughly.They create harmful fumes,and attractwildlife like skunks and bears.5.Respect wildlif

8、eDont feed or disturb wildlife.Store food properly to avoid attracting bears,varmints,and rodents.If you bring a pet,keep it leashed.()1.Before you hike on the Appalachian Trail,you are advised to.A.Leave your pet dog at homeB.bring some food for the wildlife thereC.prepare for bad weather and emerg

9、enciesD.avoid crowded periods and book a hotel in advance()2.The underlined phrase“dispose of probably me a ns.A.take care of B.hide awayC.make use of D.get rid of()3.If you need a fire on the Appalachian Trail,you s h o u l d.A.collect firewood that is larger than your wristB.keep it small and drow

10、n it when you go awayC.bum or bury your trash before you leave试卷第2页，总23页D.use it to drive away wildlife like skunks and bear【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者给那些去阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行的户外探险者们提出一些应该学习和遵守的事项。1.细节理解题。根据文章第一条建议中的Prepare for extreme weather,dangers,andemergencies-especially the cold-to avoid impacts（影响）from searches,

11、rescues,and campfires.”为极端天气、危险和紧急情况（尤其是寒冷）做好准备，以避免搜索、救援和营火带来的影响。可知，在阿巴拉契亚山道徒步旅行前，作者建议人们做好应对极端天气和紧急事件的准备。故选C。2.词义猜测题。根据文章第三段“根 burying it in a hole,a hole at least 200 feet（80 steps）from campsites,water sources and shelters,and well away from trails.“把它埋在一个洞里，这个洞距离露营地、水源和庇护所至少200英尺（80步），远离小径。可知如果没有厕

12、所，人类的应该通过埋坑的方式处理排泄物。所以换线词的意思为“处 理 故 选 D。3.细节理解题。根据文章第四条建议中的“if you need a fire,build one only where ifs legaland in an existing fire ring.Keep fires small.N ever leave your campfire unattended,anddrown it when you leave.如果你需要生火，只在合法的地方和现有的火场建一个。保持火要小。不要让你的营火无人看管，离开时把它熄灭。可知，如果需要在阿巴拉契亚山道生火，要保证火势很小，离开时

13、用水把火熄灭，故选B。BLAS VEGAS 一 It was different in the light of day.There was no pop,pop,pop“of gunfire,no screams.Just a quiet lot of cars abandonedby those,like Kassidy Owen,who escaped with their lives.“Its strange to hear the silence,“Owen said,“because all I remember was the noise.The 22-year-old was

14、one of dozens of concertgoers who returned to the scene of theRoute 91 Harvest festival on Wednesday morning to fetch the vehicles they left behind asthey fled from a gunman raining down bullets from high above in the tower of the MandalayBay Resort and Casino across the street.Survivors of the dead

15、ly mass shooting in Las Vegas on Sunday needed their cars to moveon with their lives-to get back to work,to school,home.It was the first time they werereturning to a scene that would forever change them,when joy and celebration and musicturned into killing and horror.Before they could move forward,t

16、hey had to go back to the place where they thoughtthey were going to die.Owen had run to her car to hide and had tried to drive away,but she couldnt.Peoplewere running,bodies dropped to the ground,and cars bottlenecked in the parking lot.Duringa brief pause after more than 10 minutes of gunfire,she

17、worried the lights of her SUV madeeveryone inside a shining target.Theyre shooting again!”her best friend brother screamed.t4Tum off the car!Thats when she got out and fled.“I just remember shutting the door and running,“Owen said.Now,nearly three days later,she was back,sitting in the drivers seat

18、of her SUV.Hereyes were swollen and red.This was a long way from over.“You just keep hearing the gunshots in your head,“Owen said.()4.Why did Kassidy Owen return to the scene of terror?A.To get back her car for daily life.B.To show sympathy to the victims.C.To search for her missing friends.D.To loo

19、k into the cause of the shooting.()5.Which of the following can replace the underlined word“bottlenecked“in Paragraph7?A.abandoned B.jammed C.stopped D.left()6.Why did Owen keep hearing the gunshots in her head?A.Because she had escaped being caught.B.Because she wanted to find the gunman.试卷第4页，总23页

20、C.Because she couldnt rid herself of those terrible scenes.D.Because she had saved others5 lives by turning off the car.()7.What is the best title of the passage?A.Going back to where they would die B.Owens experience in Las VegasC.How to survive in a mass shooting D.Return to the unforgettable scen

21、e【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍拉斯维加斯音乐会枪击事件。4.细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的 needed their cars to move on with their lives toget back to work,to school,home.It was the first time they were returning to a scene thatwould forever change them.枪击事件的幸存者需要他们的汽车继续他们的生活-重返工作岗位，回到学校，回到家中。这是他们第一次回到这个将会永远改变他们的场面”可知，欧文去那个恐怖的地方是取回她用于日常生

22、活的车。故选A。5.词义猜测题。根据文章第七段“Owen had run to her car to hide and had tried to driveaway,but she couldnt.People were running,bodies dropped to the ground,and cars.bottlenecked in the parking lot.欧文已经跑到她的车去隐藏起来并曾试图开车离开，但她开不了车。因为人在四处乱跑，尸体落在地上,在停车场汽车bottlenecked 了。”可知，在停车场，人们四处乱跑，尸体倒在地上，可以判断汽车堵住J。即划线部分的意思是“堵

23、塞的B 项“堵住的”符合文意。故选B。6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Now,nearly three days later,she was back,sitting in thedrivers seat of her SUV.Her eyes were swollen and red.This was a long way from over.现在,将近三天后，她回来了，坐在她SUV的驾驶座上。她的眼睛又红又肿。这距离结束还有很长一段路。和You just keep hearing the gunshots in your head,Owen said.欧文说：“你脑子里一直听到枪声。从这

24、两处可知，枪击声不停地出现在Owen的脑海中是因为她无法忘掉自身经历的恐怖枪击场景。C 项（因为她无法摆脱那些可怕的场面。）符合题意，故选C。7.主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文介绍了拉斯维加斯恐怖枪击事件，文章对事件发生的经过和对幸存者劫后余生的感受；再结合第六段“Befbre they could moveforward,they had to go back to the place where they thought they were going to die.在他们继续前进之前，他们必须回到他们认为自己会死的地方。”可知A 项(回到他们死去的地方)可作为本篇的最佳标题。故选A。

25、CIt has always been thought that when it comes to tornadoes,the most peaceful placeis the centre:the eye of the storm.But a photo taken this week in the small Canadian town ofThree Hills,Alberta,suggests that there is perhaps no place more peaceful than inside thecalm mind of Theunis Wessels.It all

26、started when Mr Wessels wife,Cecilia,was warned by their nine-year-old daughterthat he was cutting grass in their yard when a violent tornado appeared in the distance.Whenher husband refused to come inside,saying it was moving away from them,Mrs Wessels tooka photo to show her parents the storm.The

27、photo,which has been shared widely on socialmedia,is a masterclass in calmness.In it,the sockless Mr Wessels,dressed casually in summer shorts and sunglasses,is seennever being upset by the disastrous column of cloud.I took the picture just to show my mumand dad in South Africa,Look,theres a tornado

28、/and now everyone is like,Why is yourhusband cutting the grass?”Cecilia told the Times Colonist.When asked later about the tornados approach to him,Mr Wessels responded,waskeeping an eye on it,“seeming as cool as his gardening style and attracting more than a littlerespect.Alberta,Canada,wrote one a

29、dmiring Twitter user,where men face the elementsand do what needs to be done.,A writer for Esquire magazine struck a pensive note:I canunderstand Theunis,Peter Wade admitted,“sometimes when the world is raging outside,theonly thing you can do is keep your small area of it.”()8.How is Paragraph one d

30、eveloped?A.By listing theories.B.By giving examples.C.By analyzing causes.D.By making comparisons.试卷第6页，总23页()9.Why did Cecilia take the photo?A.To post it on social media.B.To record her husbands heroic act.C.To inform her parents of the tornado.D.To prove what is the most peaceful place.()1 0.Whic

31、h may make Mr.Wessels respected?A.His way of gardening.B.His calmness in the face of a tornado.C.His bravery in fighting the tornado.D.His rich knowledge about tornado.()11.What is the main idea of the passage?A.A man ignored a tornado in Canada.B.There are some features of tornado in Canada.C.A man

32、 survived surprisingly from a tornado.D.A picture caused heated discussions.【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了一张加拿大男子Theunis Wessels平静注视龙卷风的照片在社交媒体上广为流传，堪称“冷静”的大师之作。文章主要解释了这张照片背后的事情经过，以及Wessels先生本人对此的看法。8.推理判断题。根据第一段It has always been thought that when it comes to tornadoes,themost peaceful place is the centre:the

33、eye of the storm.But a photo taken this week in thesmall Canadian town of Three Hills,Alberta,suggests that there is perhaps no place morepeaceful than inside the calm mind of Theunis Wessels.”可知人们一直认为,当遇到龙卷风时，最平静的地方是中心：风暴眼。但本周在加拿大阿尔伯塔省三山镇拍摄的一张照片表明，也许没有什么地方比在Theunis Wessels平静的内心更平静了。由此可推知，第一段是通过比较展开

34、的。故选D。9.细节理解题。根据第二段中“It all started when Mr Wessels,wife,Cecilia,was warned bytheir nine-year-old daughter that he was cutting grass in their yard when a violent tornadoappeared in the distance.When her husband refused to come inside,saying it was movingaway from them,Mrs Wessels took a photo to sho

35、w her parents the storm.”可知这一切都始于当时Wessels先生的妻子Cecilia,被 9 岁的女儿警告说爸爸他在院子里割草时，远处出现了猛烈的龙卷风。当她的丈夫拒绝进屋，说它正在远离他们时，Wessels夫人拍了一张照片给父母看风暴。由此可知，Cecilia拍这张照片是为了通知她的父母有龙卷风。故选Co10.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“When asked later about the tornados approach to him,Mr Wessels responded,41 was keeping an eye on it,seeming as cool

36、as his gardening styleand attracting more than a little respect.可知当被问及龙卷风将靠近他时的感受时，Wessels先生回答说：“我一直在关注着它。他看上去就像他的园艺风格一样冷静，让人肃然起敬。由此可知，B 选项“面对龙卷风，他表现得镇定自若”可能会让Wessels先生受到尊重。故选B。11.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But a photo taken this week in the small Canadian town ofThree Hills,Alberta,suggests that there is perhaps

37、 no place more peaceful than inside thecalm mind ofTheunis Wessels.”可知但本周在加拿大阿尔伯塔省三山镇拍摄的一张照片表明，也许没有什么地方比在Theunis Wessels平静的内心更平静了。结合文章主要说明了一张加拿大男子Theunis Wessels平静注视龙卷风的照片在社交媒体上广为流传,堪称“冷静”的大师之作。解释了这张照片背后的事情经过，以及Wessels先生本人对此的看法。由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是一名男子无视加拿大的龙卷风。故选A。DIn between all the measures to battle th

38、e severe air pollution in Delhi,India,there9sone more option-a bar that has“pure air”.Founded by Aryavir Kumar,Oxy Pure,Delhis first-ever oxygen bar,offers 15 minutesof 80-90 percent pure oxygen,costing Rs 299（$4.2）.Customers are given a lightweight tubefor oxygen intake.The device（装置）is placed near

39、 the customers nostrils（鼻孔）throughwhich they are advised to breathe in the oxygen.The bar also offers its customers several aromas（气味）to go with oxygen,includinglemongrass,cherry and more.According to the aroma people choose,each session promisesto improve sleep patterns and digestion,cure headaches

40、,and even claims to work as atreatment for depression.Bonny Irengbam,a senior sales assistant at the bar,said,“Some people,who try it for the试卷第8页，总23页first time,will feel relaxed and fresh.But only people who do this regularly will get realbenefits.By regularly,I mean once or twice a month.We dont

41、encourage back-to-backsessions,as increased levels of oxygen in the body can make a person dizzy.Dr.Rajesh Chawla,a senior doctor at the Indraprastha Apollo Hospital,said,“Even ifyou breathe in the so-called pure oxygen for two hours in a day,you will go back to breathingthe polluted air for the res

42、t of the 22 hours.The concept is purely money-driven.”Recalling the first few months of the bar,Irengbam admitted that people were sceptical.“Many people criticised,saying we were selling air.Others were simply scared to breathethrough the tube.Irengbam said the bar saw a significant rise in the num

43、ber of customers two to three daysafter Diwali,an Indian festival mainly celebrated by fireworks and lights,as the pollutionlevels were high.()1 2.What do we know about the oxygen intake?A.It surely has a promising future.B.It will always cause side effects.C.It was not well received at first.D.It c

44、an cure people of depression.()1 3.Which of the following can replace“back-to-back“in Paragraph 4?A.Once-a-month.B.Once-in-a-while.C.Once-and-fbr-all.D.One-after-another.()1 4.What is Dr.Rajetha Chawlas attitude towards the bar?A.Doubtful.B.Favorable.C.Unconcerned.D.Unclear.()15.What is the writing

45、purpose of the passage?A.To explain how to breathe in the oxygen.B.To introduce the first oxygen bar in India.C.To show peoples responses to the device.D.To advertise for Aryavir Kumars business.【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了在印度为了应对环境污染开的“氧吧”，以及人们对此的看法。12.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句Recalling the first few months of the barjr

46、cngbamadmitted that people were sceptical.”回想最初儿个月，Irengbam承认人们持怀疑态度。可知 氧吧”一开始受到人们的质疑，所以一开始并没有被很好地接受。故选C 项。13.词义猜测题。根据第四段中“But only people who do this regularly will get realbenefits.By regularlymean once or twice a month。”可知，月吸氧-次或者两次是有益于健康的，而后文中作者不鼓励“back to back”，因为这样会增加氧气水平从而让人眩晕。通过语境可知back to b

47、ack”应是“常常，连续不断 的意思，因为连续不断地吸入纯氧会导致氧气水平上升，让人眩晕。D.One-after-another（连续地）符合以上猜测，故选D项。14.推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Even if you breathe in the so-called pure oxygen fortwo hours in a day,you will go back to breathing the polluted air for the rest of the 22hours.The concept is purely money-driven”可知，Dr.Rajetha Chawla

48、 认为即使一天呼吸两个小时所谓的“纯氧气”，剩下22个小时都呼吸污染的空气，那这个完全就是受金钱驱使的概念。由此推知，他对“氧吧”持怀疑的态度。故选A 项。15.推理判断题。根据第一段In between all the measures to battle the severe air pollution inDelhi,India,theres one more option a bar that has pure air，”可知,在针对印度德里严重的空气污染采取的所有措施之中，还有另一种选择，拥有“纯净空气的 氧吧并结合全文理解可知，文章是介绍为了应对环境污染在印度开的“氧吧”。由此推知

49、，文章的目的是介绍印度的第一所“氧 吧 故 选 B 项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I still remember my first time going to the canteen.16.because when I steppedonto the elevators,each one was full to the brim.However,people were laughing and talking.I followed the flow of the crowd to th

50、e doors of the canteen.Then I realized there was noemergency;It was just lunchtime.I found out very quickly that in China everyone takes lunchat the same time.Even the cafeteria followed this schedule 17.试卷第10页，总23页When I stood in the doorway,I realized I had to act fast or 1 would be left behind.18