中医英语复习.docx

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1、中医英语复习整理Unit 11 .整体医学 Holistic medicine2 .整体观念 Holistic concept or Holism3 .诊断与保健体系 a system of diagnosis and health-care approaches4 .一套非常成熟的治疗及保健方法A highly sophisticated set of practices designed to cure illness and to maintain health and wellbeing5 .草药 Herbal remedies6 .阴阳平衡: balance of yin and y

2、ang; Yin-yang balance; balance between yin and yang7 .阴平阳秘：Yin is even (steady) and yang is sound (firm).8 .阴阳失调:disharmony of yin and yang; imbalance of yin and yang9 .阴阳调和:Harmony of yin and yang10 .调和月干胃：Harmonizing the liver and stomach 中医学 Chinese Medicine12 针灸 Acupuncture13 .血汗同源 The blood and

3、 sweat share the same source.14 .中医师 Practitioner of Chinese Medicine15 症状和体征 Symptoms and (physical) signs16 .为每一个体重建和谐与平衡To reestablish harmony and equilibrium for each individual17 .宇宙中的万物都是相互依赖、相互作用的Everything in the universe is interdependent and interactivel8.将细小的针插入身体的不同穴位The insertion of fin

4、e needles into a variety of points in the bodystomach will result in the occurrence of various diseases.5 .夕卜伤 traumatic injuries6 .痰饮、Phlegm - fluid7 .瘀血 Blood stasisUNIT 61 .五彳亍 The five agents 一日木 the first is wood, 二日火 the second is fire 三日土 the third is soil. 四日金 the fourth is metal, 五日水 the fi

5、fth is water,2 .木日曲直 Wood is the bending and the straightening.火日 炎上Fire isthe flaming upward土爰稼木啬 Earth is the sowing and reaping 金日从革 Metal is the working of change.水日润下 Water is the moistening dan descending to low places.3 .药的“四气五味”：四气 :four properties/natures （cold 寒 hot 热 warm 温 cool 凉）无味 :acr

6、id flavor/ bitter / sweet / acrid/ salty 例句:人 参味甘，性温 Ginseng is sweet in flavor,warm in property.五味、五色、五精、五神、4 .五藏、Five visceraFive flavorsFive colors 五气、Five kinds of qiFive kinds of essenceFive spirits五病、五风、五实、五虚、五痹、五诊、五禁、五治、五法、五ofFive diseases/winds/excesses/Deficiencies/kinds obstructiveyndrome/

7、diagnosticmethods/contraindications/treatments/ methods/grains 5生:promote, generate, engender克:act (on), restrict, restrain乘 : overact, over-restrict, over-restrain, subjugate, overwhelm侮:counteract, counter-restrict, counter-restrain, rebelEG:心其主肾也意即“那制约心脏的是肾。The heart is restrained by the kidneys6

8、 .Engendering cycle : Wood Fire Earth Metal Water Wood Restraining cycle : Wood Earth Water Fire Metal WoodOver-restraining or subjugating cycleCounter-restraining cycle7 .Wood:生长、生发、条达舒畅 Growing, ascending, developing freelyhaving the characteristics of growth, upbearing and effusion 肝喜条达而恶抑郁，故肝属木。

9、The liver prefers to function freely and dislikes depression, so it pertains to wood8 .Fire:温热、升腾Warming and risinghaving the quality of heat and upward motion.心阳有温煦之功，故以心属火。The heart yang has the function of propelling qi and blood to warm and nourish the whole body, so the heart is ascribed the qu

10、ality of fire.9 . Earth :生化、承载、受纳Generating, transforming, supporting, receiving representing the planting and harvesting of corps and the bringing forth of phenomena.脾有运化水谷，输送精微，营养五脏六腑、四肢百骸之功，为气 血生化之源，故以脾属土。The spleen functions to transport and transform the essence of water and grain to nourish th

11、e organs, the limbs and skeleton (the bones), and it is the source of the generation and transformation of qi and blood, therefore, the spleen is ascribed the quality of earth.10 .Metal :清洁、肃降和收敛Purifying, descending, astringinghaving the qualities of purification, elimination and reform.敛肺止咳 Astrin

12、ging the lung to stop coughing敛肺平喘 Astringing the lung to relieve asthma (dyspnea)敛？F 固表 Arresting sweating and strengthening the superficies肺具清肃之性，肺气以肃降为顺，故以肺属金。The lung is characterized by purifying and descending, so it is ascribed the attribute of metal.11 .Water:寒凉、滋润、向下运行Cooling, moistening, m

13、oving downwardhaving the qualities of moistening, downward movement and coldness.肾有藏精、主水等功能，故以肾属水。The kidney has the function of storing essence and of governing water (fluids), he ref ore, it pertains to water.19 .中医理论 Chinese medical theory20 .中医基础理论 The fundamental (basic) theories of Chinese med

14、icine21 .中医理论体系 The theoretical system of Chinese medicine22神经系统 The nervous system23 .内分泌系统 The endocrine system24 .内分泌失调 The endocrine disorder25 肺炎的病因 Pathological cause of pneumonia26.风、寒、暑、湿、躁、火 Wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness, and fire风邪 Wind evil, pathogenic wind27.肝风上头 The liver w

15、ind going to the head28 .病原体 Agent of disease29 .精确的诊断 Precise diagnosis30 .失调的证 Pattern of disharmony31 .临床研究 Clinical study32 .使证恢复平衡，使个体恢复协调To bring the configuration into balance, to restore harmony to the individual 33.诊断六名胃痛患者患有消化道溃疡病To diagnose six patients with stomach pain as having peptic

16、ulcer disease 34.所有患者患有相同疾病。All the patients suffer from the same disorder.35 .腹痛拒按，冷敷则减。The abdominal pain increases at touch (by palpation) but diminishes with the application of cold compresses.36 .体质强壮 Robust constitution37 .面赤 Reddish complexion38 .患者便秘、小便黄赤 The patient is constipated and has d

17、ark yellow urine.39 .舌苔黄月贰 A greasy yellow tongue coating40 .脉弦而有力 Wiry and full pulse41 .湿热困月卑 Damp-heat affecting the spleenUNIT TWO1.阴阳学说 The Theory of Yin and Yang; The Yin-Yang theory; The Yin-Yang Doctrine 阴阳对立 Opposition of yin and yang阴阳制约 restriction of yin and yang阴阳互根 Interdependence of Y

18、in and YangYin and yang depend on/upon each other 阴阳消长 Waxing and waning of yin and yang阴阳转化 Inter-transformation of yin and yang阴阳调和 Harmony of yin and yang阴阳平衡 balance of yin and yang阴阳失调 disharmony of yin and yang; imbalance of yin and yang2.天气轻清，故属阳;地气重浊，故属阴。The celestial qi is light and lucid,

19、thus pertaining to yang; while terrestrial qi is heavy and turbid, therefore pertaining to yin.3 .阳化气，阴成形Yang transforms into qi while yin shapes into configuration.Yang gives rise to activity, and yin makes the configuration.4 .阴阳离绝，精气乃竭。The separation of yin and yang will result in the exhaustion

20、of essence.If one s yin and yang fail to communicate, his essential qi will be exhausted.阴在内，阳之守也”日在外，阴之使也。Yin is in the inner body and protects yang; yang is in the outer body and moves yin. The interdependence of yin and yang is reflected in all things in the universe and cannot be separated.6 .阴中

21、有阴，阳中有阳。平旦至日中，天之阳，阳中之阳也；日 中至黄昏，天之阳，阳中之阴也；合夜至鸡鸣，天之阴，阴中之阴也； 鸡鸣至平旦，天之阴，阴中之阳也。In yin is yin; in yang is yang.From down to noon, this is the yang of heaven;it is the yang in the yang.From noon to dusk, this is the yang of heaven;it is the yin in the yang.From the early evening to the crowing of the cocks

22、, this is the yin of heaven; it is the yin in the yin.From the crowing of the cocks to dawn, this is the yin of heaven;it is the yang in the yin.7 .夫言人之阴阳，则外为阳，内为阴；言人身之阴阳，则背为阳, 腹为阴；言人身之藏府中阴阳，则藏者为阴，府者为阳，肝、心、脾、 肺、肾五藏皆为阴，胆、胃、大肠、小肠、膀胱、三焦六府皆为阳。As to the yin and yang of the human body, the outer part is y

23、ang and the inner part is yin. As to the trunk, the back is yang and the abdomen is yin. As to the organs, the zang organs are yin whereas the fu organs are yang. The liver, heart, spleen, lung, and kidney (as opposed to lungs and kidneys, here regarded as single functional entities) are yin; the ga

24、llbladder, stomach, intestines, bladder, and triple burner (triple energizer) are yang.8 .阴阳者，数之可十，推之可百，数之可干，推之可万，万之大 不可胜数，然其要一也Yin and yang can be divided down to ten, and then further down to one hundred, to a thousand, to ten thousand, and to a number so great as defies calculations; yet in essen

25、ce all these are but one9 .阴胜则寒，阳胜则热。when yin prevails there is cold, when yang prevails there is heat10 .阳虚则寒，阴虚则热。when yang is deficient there is cold, when yin is deficient there is heatUNIT FOUR1 .月庄腑:a collective term for all the internal organs or viscera.藏/月庄：solid organs, viscera/depots (a s

26、torehouse for goods )/zang organs yin organs府/腑：hollow organs, bowels (the intestines), palaces, fu organs, yang organs 五月庄：five viscera, five zang organs, the yin organsHeart, liver, spleen, lung(s)z kidney(s), (pericardium) 六腑:six bowels, six fu organs, the yang organs Gallbladder, stomach, large

27、intestine, small intestine, (urinary) bladder, triple energizer/triple burner:upper energizer/burner,middle energizer/burner, lower energizer/burner 奇恒之腑 traordinary fu organsBrain, marrow, bone, vessel, gallbladder, uterus 月囱、髓、骨、 脉、胆、女子胞2.肝：肝主疏泄The liver governs free coursing (flowing rapidly), (s

28、preading and dispersing, maintaining smooth flow of qi.)肝藏血。肝藏血是指肝有贮存血液和调节血量的作用。The liver stores blood.The liver is capable of retaining blood and regulating the amount of blood in thebody.肝主筋。爪为筋之余。肝，其华在爪。肝开窍于目The liver governs the sinews.The nails are the surplus of the sinews.Its bloom (brillianc

29、e) is the nails.The liver opens at the eyes.胆汁的化生和排泄，由肝的疏泄功能控制和调节。Emotional disturbance总结：肝的主要生理功能是主疏泄和主藏血。肝开窍于目，主筋, 其华在爪。在志为怒，在液为泪。肝与胆通过经脉的络属关系而为表 里。Through the homing and netting connections between the channels of the two organs o3心心主血脉。The heart governs the blood and (blood ) vessels.心藏神。心开窍于舌。T

30、he heart stores the spiritThe heart opens into the tongue心，其华在面。The Heart s brilliance manifests in the face.The heart s bloom is in the face.The heart has its outward manifestations on the face.心与小肠相表里。The heart stands in interior-exterior relationship with the small intestine. (be coupled with, be

31、 interiorly-exteriorly related to)总结：心主血脉，主神志。在志为喜，在液为汗，在体合脉、其 华在面，在窍为舌。心与小肠相表里。(在体合脉：全身的血脉都属于 心。Be subordinate to)The Pericardium 心包摸3.脾：脾主运化水谷，输布精微。The spleen governs movement ( transportation) and transformation of grain and water and distribution of its essence.脾统血。The spleen manages the blood.脾

32、主肌肉和四肢，开窍于口。The spleen governs the flesh and limbs, and opens into the mouth.脾胃为气血生化之源，后天之本。The spleen and stomach are source of formation of qi and blood, and are regarded as the foundation of postnatal (prenatal) existence.胃主受纳和腐熟水谷。The stomach governs intake and decomposition ( digestion ) of gra

33、in and water.水谷精微Essence of water and grain脾与胃相为表里。The spleen and stomach stand in interior-exterior relationship.肺主气，司呼吸，主宣发肃降，通调水道。The lung governs qi, performs respiration, governs disseminating, cleansing and descending, and regulates the waterways.肺主皮毛。肺合皮毛。肺主一身之表。The lung governs the skin and

34、body hair. The lung is interrelated with the skin and body hair.The lung is in charge of the body surface.The brilliance of the Lungs manifests in the body hair.肺开窍于鼻。肺与大肠相表里。The lung opens at the nose.The lung stands in interior-exterior relationship with the large intestine总结：肺的主要生理功能是：主气、司呼吸，主宣发肃

35、降，通调 水道，朝百脉而主治节，以辅佐心脏调节气血的运行。The lung faces all the blood vessels. (All the blood must pass through the lung.) Govern, administrate; regulate 小肠主泌别清浊; 大肠主传化糟粕。The small intestine governs separation of the clear and the turbid; the large intestine governs transformation and conveyance of waste.肾藏精，主生

36、长、发育和生殖。The kidney stores essence (or essential qi)z and is responsible for growth, development, and reproduction. ( maturation)肾主骨、生髓。The kidney governs the bones and engenders marrow.肾主水。The kidney governs water.肾开窍于耳和二阴。其华在发。The kidney opens into the ears and the two yin? and its bloom (brillianc

37、e) is in the hair of the head.(the two private parts: the urethra and anus)滋养和濡润Kidney yin (true yin, original yin) has a moistening and nourishing effect on all the organs.推动和温煦Kidney yang (true yang, original yang) warms and activates the other organs.总结：由于肾藏有”先天之精，为脏腑阴阳之本, 生命之源，故称肾为先天之本“(Foundati

38、on of prenatal existence)。肾在五行属水。它的 主要生理功能为藏精，主生长、发育、生殖和水液代谢；肾主骨生髓, 外荣于发，开窍于耳和二阴,在志为恐与惊(Fear and fright),在液为 唾(spittle)。6.三焦：三焦的主要生理功能，一是通行元气，二为水液运行之道路。The main physiological functions of the t triple burner are to pass through the yuan-primordial* qi and to be the pathways of the flow of water flui

39、d.7补充:补:supplement养:nourish (blood)育:foster (yin)涵:moisten (wood)润:moisten (the lung, the intestine)益:boost (yin, qi)壮:invigorate (yang)回:return (yang)健：fortify升：upbear (yang)滋:enrich生:engender (liquid)Unit 51,六气：Six qi; six natural factors; six climatic factors六淫；the Six pernicious influences风寒暑湿燥热

40、 pathogenic wind, cold, summer-heat, dampness, dryness and fire.夕卜 感六；至 externally conrraction of the six pernicious influences2 .疫疣(疣气):Pestilence; pestilential qi3 .七情 seven emotions; seven affectsjoy, anger, melancholy (sadness, worry),anxiety (pensiveness, contemplation), grief (sorrow), fear, fright七情内伤 internal damage due to seven emotions4 .饮食 Improper diet; imbalanced diet劳倦 Physical overstrain内伤脾胃,百病由生。Internal damage of the spleen and