2023年全国高考甲卷英语真题（解析版）.docx

《2023年全国高考甲卷英语真题（解析版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年全国高考甲卷英语真题（解析版）.docx（23页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）英语学科第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分1.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍o 1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In the book store. B. In the register offic

2、e. C. In the dorm building.2. What is the weather like now?A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy.3. What does the man want to do on the weekend?A. Do some gardening. B. Have a barbecue. C. Go fishing.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. A new office. B. A change of their jobs.C. A former colleague.5. W

3、hat do we know about Andrew?A. Hes optimistic. B. Hes active. C. Hes shy.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Which of the following does the woman dislike?A. The bedroom. B. The sitting

4、 room. C. The kitchen.7. What does the woman suggest they do next?A. Go to another agency. B. See some other flats. C. Visit the neighbours.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the man doing?A. Hes making a phone call.【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第段中 u Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg,

5、 occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche-we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams.（灰熊可以长 到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落一一即使它们给我们带来可怕的 梦，我们也敬畏它们）”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句 “In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. （19

6、75 年， 灰熊被列入濒危物种法）”以及第四段 “Today, there are about 2, 000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.（如今，美国大约有 2,000 只或更多的灰熊。 它们

7、的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊 的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀）”可推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies, which

8、 would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed.（如今，美国大约有2,000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非 常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护， 允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上）”可知，是环保 组织的的反对阻止了美国

9、鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中 “Obviously, if precautions arent taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by

10、 without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits/ says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who m

11、anages bears in and around Missoula.（显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦， 有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营地移走，灰 熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。“我们希望有 一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，”詹姆斯琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理 米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家）”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措 施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选

12、项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tricks To Becoming A Patient PersonHeres a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? Theres one answer. 16.In the Digital Age, were used to having what we need immediately and right ai our fingertips. However, researc

13、h suggests that if we practiced patience, wed be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks.Practice gratitude （感激）Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic.17,Showing thankfulness can foster self-control,“ said Ye Li, researc

14、her at the University of California. Make yourself waitInstant gratification （满足）may seem like the most feel good option at the time, but psychology research suggests waiting for things actually makes us happier in the long run. And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice

15、. 18. Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutesbefore going for that cake. Youll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other, more annoying situations. 19.So many of us have the belief that being comfortabel is the only

16、state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “20 Youll then gradually become more patient.A. Find your causesB. Start with small tasksC. Accept the uncomfortableD. All this adds up

17、 to a state of hurryE. It can also help us practice more patienceF. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerableG. They9re all situations where we could use a little extra patience【答案】16.G17.E18.B19. C20. F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐心的一些方法。【16题详解】 根据上文 “Heres a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lin

18、es and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? Theres one answer.（这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个）” 可知，本句说明上文谜语 答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G 选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】 彳艮据上文 u Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed a

19、nd even more optimistic.（感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观）”以及后文Showing thankfulness can foster self-control/, said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California.（力口州大学的研究员叶丽 说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。“）”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩 的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助 我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。

20、【18题详解】 根据上文 “And the only way for us to get into the habit of waiting is to practice.（我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法 就是练习）” 以及后文 “Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.（把你最喜欢的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕）”可知，后文列举的 事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事开始练习等待，故B选项“从小任务开始”符合语境

21、，故选B。【19题详解】 根据本段内容 “So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.（我们中的许多人者E 认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们经历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐心）”可知，本 段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是

22、祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相 关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒服”符合语境，故选C。【20题详解】根据上文 “You should learn to say to yourself （你应该学会对自己说）”以及后文 “Youll then graduallybecome more patient.（然后你会逐渐变得更有耐心）”结合本段主要说明的是不舒服的状态，可知，本句为对 自己所说的话与接受不舒服相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒服，而不是无法忍受符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题：每小题L

23、5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we21 there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 22 its way down the hill toward us. It was23 called Mario, coming to 24 us a box containing s

24、ome tormatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 25 for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 26 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 27 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label （标签）on it. These

25、 cant be any 28、we thought. But we were 29 hiskindness, so we 30 them.What we discovered is that its 31 to judge what you eat only by its 32, Those tomatoes had33 that reminded me of the ones my uncle used to grow when I was a child. Nowadays supermarket tomatoes34 perfect but taste of water. Nobody

26、s going to have a 35 memory of those. Its a surprise they havent managed to grow square ones so that they can 36 them easily. Marios wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was 37.Its good to eat things at the correct time, when theyre 38、and as close as possible to where the

27、y were39. What Mario had40 us was the taste of the Garfagnana.21. A. waitedB. metC. campedD. stayed22. A. makingB. searchingC. squeezingD. feeling23. A. customerB. neighborC. relativeD. passenger24. A. lendB.sendC. bringD. show25. A. choiceB. commentC. promiseD. gesture26. A. worriedB. movedC. thril

28、ledD. bored27. A. simpleB. realC. shinyD. fun28. A. moreB.goodC. newD. easy29. A. sympathetic toB. thankful forC. cautious aboutD. interested in30. A. triedB. soldC. returnedD. mixed31. A. unnecessaryB. uncertainC. unwiseD. unusual32. A. appearanceB. qualityC. originD. price33. A. sizeB.shapeC. colo

29、rD. taste34. A. smellB. lookC. becomeD. work35 A.happyB. vividC. shortD.vague36. A. cleanB. checkC.countD.pack37. A. perfect38. A. on view39. A. finished40. A. cookedB. usefulB. on saleB. storedB. givenC. convenientC. in seasonC. foundC.boughtD. familiarD. in needD. grownD. told【答案 121. D22. A23. B2

30、4. C25. D26. A27. C28. B29. B30. A31. C32. A33. D34. B35. A36. D37. A38. C39, D40.B【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者的邻居马里奥给作者一家送了一个盒子，盒子里是自己种的西红柿和 酿的酒，刚开始作者一家因为西红柿畸形的外表，和酒的浑浊感到不是很好，但是尝试过后，发现比超市 的好，让作者明白仅仅以外表来判断食物是否好吃是不明智的。21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎 吱嘎吱的声音。A. waited等待;B.met遇见;C.camped露营;

31、D.stayed暂住。根据前文Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.v可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一 次住在那里。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，我们听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来的嘎 吱嘎吱的声音。A. making使；让；B. searching搜索；C. squeezing挤压；D.feeling感觉。根据后文“coming to 4 us a box containing some tormatoes and

32、 a bottle of wine. ” 可知，摩托车是开过来给我们送东西的，所以make ones way复合语境，为固定搭配，意为“前往”。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. customer顾客；B. neighbor邻居；C. relative 亲戚；D. passenger乘客。根据前文 “we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike 2 its way down the hill toward us. ” 以及最后一句 What Mario had 20 u

33、swas the taste of the Garfagnana,?可知，马里奥是从山上下来的，送来了当地的食物，可推测是作者的邻居。 故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是邻居马里奥，他给我们带来了一个盒子，里面装着一些西红柿和一瓶酒。A. lend 借出；B. send 发送；C. bring 带来；D. show 展示。根据后文 “It was a very nice 5 for himto make.可知，马里奥很友好，所以是给作者一家带来一个盒子。故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他这么做真是太好了。A. choice选择；B. comment议论；C.

34、promise诺言；D. gesture姿态。根据前文 u coming to 4 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine.可矢口，马里奥给作者一家带来一盒子的西红柿和酒，所以是好的姿态。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们事非常畸形的：一点 也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. worried担心的；B. moved感动的；C. thrilled 兴奋的；D. bored.感到厌倦的。根据后文ubecause they were so mi

35、sshapen可知I,西红柿是畸形的，所以作 者一家很担心是否能吃。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我们看着那些西红柿时，我们是担心的，因为它们是非常畸形的：一点 也不像你在超市里买到的那种漂亮的、圆的、闪亮的东西。A. simple简单的；B. real真实的；C. shiny闪亮 的；D.fun有趣的。根据前文unot at all like the nice, round,可知,空处是在形容超市里的西红柿,和前文 的“nice, round”并列，结合选项，应是“shiny闪亮的”符合实际。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们想，这些肯定不好。A.

36、 more更多的；B. good好的；C. new新的；D. easy 容易的。根据前文 “But when we looked at the tomatoes, we were 6 because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 7 things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label （标签）on it.”可知,马里奥带来的西红柿和酒都不好,因此作者一 家认为这些都不可能好。故

37、选B项。【29题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. sympathetic to同情；B. thankful for对表示感谢；C. cautious about谨慎对待；D. interested in对感兴趣。根据前文“It was 3called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containing some tormatoes and a bottle of wine. ” 可矢口，西红柿和酒是邻居送的，所以应该是很感谢他。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我们很感谢他的好意，所以我们试了试。A. trie

38、d尝试；B. sold出售；C. returned 回来；D. mixed 混合。根据后文 “Those tomatoes had 13 that reminded me of the ones my uncleused to grow when I was a child.n可知，马里奥送的西红柿让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿，所以推知， 他们是尝试了。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. unnecessary 不需要的；B. uncertain无把握；C.unwise不明智的；D. unusual特别的。结合前后

39、文，可知，作者一家刚 开始看到马里奥送的西红柿是畸形的，对其感到担心，但是后来发现，它的味道，比超市的西红柿要好， 所以此处应是根据外观来判断你吃的东西是不明智的。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们发现，仅仅以外表来判断你的吃的东西是否好吃是不明智的。A. appearance 外观；B. quality 质量；C. origin 源头；D. price 价格。根据前文 “we were 6 because they wereso misshapen”可知，此处应是通过外观来评判。故选A项。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些西红柿的味道让我想起了我小时候叔叔种的西红柿。

40、A. size尺寸；B. shape 形状；C. color 颜色；D. taste 味道。根据后文 “Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 14 perfect buttaste of water.可知，此处应是用马里奥送的西红柿和超市的西红柿作对比，马里奥送的西红柿外观差，但 是味道好，让作者想起了小时候叔叔种的西红柿。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在超市里的西红柿看起来很好，但味道像水。A. smell闻起来；B. look看起来； C. become 变成；D. work 工作。根据前文 “not at all like the nice, r

41、ound,7 things you get in asupermarket.”可知，超市的西红柿看起来很完美。故选B项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人会对那些有快乐的记忆。A.h叩py快乐的；B. vivid清晰的；C. short 短的；D. vague 模糊的。根据前文 u Nowadays supermarket tomatoes 1 4 perfect but taste of water.可知，超市的西红柿，看起来很好，但是吃起来像水，因此没有将会有快乐的记忆。故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他们没有设法种植方形的，这样他们就可以方便地包

42、装它们。A. clean 打扫；B. check 检查；A count 计数;D. pack 包装。根据前文 “Its a surprise they havent managed to grow square ones”结合实际，可知方形的易包装。故选D项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：马里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的。A. perfect 完美的；B. useful 有用的；C. convenient 便利的；D. familiar 熟悉的。根据前文 “Marios wine may have been cloudy and come out of

43、 an old bottle n以及空前的but可知，此处表转折，结合选项，此处应是“马 里奥的酒可能是混浊的，而且是从一个旧瓶子里出来的，但它是完美的”之意，符合实际。故选A项。【38题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在合适的时间，当它们是当令的时候，并且尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东 西是好的。A. on view在展出；B. on sale出售；C. in season当令的；D. in need困难中的。根据前文“Its good to eat things at the correct time”可知，在合适的时间，也就是当令的时候。故选C项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在合

44、适的时间，当它们是应季的时候，尽可能靠近它们生长的地方，吃东西是 好的。A. finished 完成；B. stored 贮存；C. found 找到；D. grown 成长。根据前文 “Its good to eat things” 以及uas close as possible to where可知，此处在讲在合适的时间吃东西是好的，根据where推断涉及地点， 结合实际，应是在靠近它们生长的地方，摘下来吃，能保持新鲜，是好的，符合题意。故选D项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：马里奥给我们的是Garfagnana的味道。A. cooked烹饪；B. given给；C. bought

45、 买；D. told 告诉。根据前文“It was 3 called Mario, coming to 4 us a box containingsome tormatoes and a bottle of wine.”可知，应该是马里奥给作者一家的。故选B项。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) 41 (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part o

46、f the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesops fables date to the 42 (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 43 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable fbr Tomorrow”Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口 吻)are

47、 seemingly directed at children. There was once a town in the heart of America, 44 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings J her fable begins, 45 (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message 46 (intend) for eve

48、ryone.47 (difference) from traditional fables, Carsons story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 48 saving their environment.The themes of taditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Casons theme is a more weighty 49 (warn) about