建筑工程项目成本控制研究:以湖北伟业基建工程项目有限公司为例1.docx
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1、分类号 : 密级 : 工 程 硕 士 研 究 生 学 位 论 文 建筑工程项目成本控制研究 以湖北伟业基建工程项目有限公司为例 工程领域:工商管理 研究方向:项目管理 研 究 生 :黄明 指导教师:李成标教授 程慷高级工程师 论文起止日期: 2012年 6月至 2013年 5月 分类号 : 密级 : 1 M A 工 程 硕 士 研 究 生 学 位 论 文 建筑工程项目成本控制研究 一以湖北伟业基建工程项目有限公司为例 工程领域:工商管理 研究方向:项目管理 研 究 生 :黄明 指导教师:李成标教授 程慷高级工程师 论文起止日期: 2012年 6月至 2013年 5月 Research on C
2、ost Control of Construction Engineering as Hubei Albert Infrastructure Projects Co. Ltd for example Field: Business Administration Direction of Study: Project Management Graduate Student: Huang Ming Supervisor: Prof. Li Chengbiao、 Prof. Cheng Kang School of Management Yangtze University June, 2012 t
3、o May, 2013 摘要 建筑业与钢铁工业、汽车工业一起被并列为国民经济的三大支柱,是国民经 济的重要物质部门,它与整个国家经济的发展、人民生活的改善有着密切的关系。 中 国目前正处于从低收入 1家向中等收入国家 发展的过度阶段,建筑业的增长速 度很快,对国民经济增长的贡献也很大。 当前我国建筑市场己日趋饱和,并且产值利润率也没有随着利润总额和产量 的提高而提高,尤其是加入世界贸易组织 ( WTO)后,建筑企业面对的是市场竞 争越来越激烈的严峻形势,这种竞争不仅来自国内更主要的是国际市场。建筑施 工企业想要在新一轮的激烈竞争中立于不败之地,就必须适应市场变化,培育自 己的核心竞争力,而核心
4、竞争力的核心就是低成木战略。成本管理与控制是所有 类型企业管理中的一个必不可少的工作。在分析我国建筑工程项目的成本管理时, 发现当前的成木控制存在许多问题。最主要是成本控制方法比较落后和粗糙,经 验性成本太多,缺乏可信的依据。如果不能够进行有效的成木控制,前景就可想 而知了。 文的研究争取为建筑企业有效控制工程项目成本提供切实有效的理论和实际操作 参考,并起到通过控制工程项目成本提高建筑企业的行业竞争力的目的。 最后,本文以湖北伟业基建工程有限公司为主要研究对象,利用工程项目成 本控制方法中的挣得值分析法,对公司中的施工项目成本控制进行实例分析,进 一步验证了挣得值分析法在建筑项目中的有效性,
5、力求能为建筑企业在市场竞争 中获取优 势提供一定的理论依据和具体的实施方法。 建筑工程项目的成本控制是一个动态而又复杂的过程,也是 一 项很有挑战的 工作。成本控制的目的就是在保障质量的基础上,减少和杜绝企业中的浪费情况, 从而节约经济和社会资源。要从根本上解决成本控制的问题,首先必须让成本控 制的思想深入每一个员工,其次组建一个稳定的成本控制组织机构,最后要带动 每一个员工参与到工程项目的每一个环节的成本控制工作中,发现问题,分析原 因,提出对策。 关键词:建筑,工程项目,成本控制,挣得值分析 Abstract The construction industry which together
6、 with the iron industry and the auto industry is listed as the three pillars of national economy, is the important substances sectors of the national economy and has a close relationship with the development of whole national economy and the improvement of peoples living. China is currently in trans
7、itional phase that developed from low-income country to middle-income countries. The construction industry is growing fast and also has a great contribution to the growth of the national economy. Currently, China construction market is becoming saturated and profit ratio of production dont enhance w
8、ith the increasing of the total profit and the yield. Especially after joining the World Trade Organization (WTO), construction enterprises are facing the grim situation that market competition is increasingly fierce. The competition is not only includes domestic market but mainly international mark
9、et. If construction enterprises want to stand in an invincible position in the new round of fierce competition, they must adapt to changes in the market and cultivate their own core competitiveness whose core is a low-cost strategy. Cost management and control is an essential work in the management
10、of all types of enterprises. Through the analysis of the cost management of construction projects in China, we found that the current cost control has many problems. They are mainly that cost control methods are relatively backward and rough, empirical cost has too much and credible evidences are la
11、ck. If the cost is not able to control effectively, the prospects of the construction industry can be imaged. The cost control of construction projects refers to that in the process of the formation of the project cost, human resources, material resources and expenses consumed in the construction pr
12、ojects are be guided, supervised, regulated and admitted, timely corrective the deviation that is going to happen or has occurred and control various production costs within the scope of scheme cost to ensure the realization of cost targets. The purpose to construct the project cost control is to re
13、duce project cost and improve economic efficiency. The significance of the construction project cost management is great and cost management is the core content of construction project management. That the work of construction project cost control is good or bad, directly determine the level of prof
14、itability of the project. This paper is begin with the status quo of Chinese construction field, summarizes the theory of cost control at home and abroad and pr oposes subsequently research contents, research methods and research ideas, then puts forward the theory of project cost and project cost c
15、ontrol as the theoretical basis of the article. The theory of project cost includes its concept, composition and classification; the theory of project cost control discusses its concept and basis, principle, tools and methods, classification, etc. The tools and methods of project cost control includ
16、e the project cost analysis table, HiIV method of cost cumulative curve and analysis method of earned value which principle and calculation are easy to be understood and grasped. The classification of project cost control which integrates the two ways of classification: one is according to the thing
17、s in the development process and another is according to corrective measures or the source of information cxntrol divides into active control and passive control. Secondly, this paper analyzes the status of the construction project cost control, including: the weak awareness, lacking of practice and
18、 strategy, lacking of scientific method and a comprehensive system of project cost control. Then, for the above problems, the paper proposes countermeasures of construction project cost control, including that: establishment and improvement of organizational structure of cost control; whole process
19、of cost control; overall cost control. Therefore, not only the study of the article strives for providing effective theory and practical reference for construction enterprises project cost, but reach the purpose of improving enterprises industry competiveness through controlling project cost. Finall
20、y, this paper as Hubei Albert Infrastructure Projects Co. Ltd the main study object analyze the construction cost control in the company by using the earned value method of project cost control methods and further verily the validity of earned value method in construction projects and strive to prov
21、ide a theoretical basis and specific implementation methods for construction companies to gain advantages in the market competition. Cost control of construction projects is a dynamic and complex process, but also a very challenging work. The purpose of cost control is on the basis of quality protec
22、tion to reduce and eliminate waste in the enterprise, thereby saving economic and social resoxxrces. To solve fundamentally the problem of cost control, the first is to let the idea of cost control depth every employee, the second is to organize a stable cost control organization, and the last is to
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