考研资料2009年完形真题精讲2.pdf

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1、“少年，你的职责是平整土地，而非焦虑时光。你做三四月的事，在八九月自有答案。“能听到声音的同学扣1；能看到视频的同学扣2；一切就绪，扣3.上课之前开始上课2002：传媒技术的发展2003：帮助青少年适应成长中的变化2004：对青少年犯罪原因的探讨2005：人类的嗅觉2006：美国无家可归者增多2007：西班牙和葡萄牙前殖民地独立后面临的问题2008：高智商与遗传疾病2009：从动物智商研究中得到的启示 consider v.考虑，细想，认为 fruit-fly n.果蝇 dim adj.暗淡的，愚笨的 a high-priced option 代价高昂的选择 gradual adj.逐渐的，逐

2、步的，循序渐进的 instinct n.本能，天分，直觉 upkeep n.保养（费）；维修（费）；抚养（费）adaptive value 适应性价值 a wistful glance 伤感的一瞥；伤感的回望2009年 完形重点词汇及短语Para 1:Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are(对动物智力的研究总是让我们想知道人类到底有多聪明。人类到底是聪明还是不聪明？).1 the fruit-fly experiments described in Carl Zimmer

3、in the Science Times.Fruit flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 2 to live shorter lives.This suggests that 3 bulbs burn longer,that there is a(n)4 in not being too bright.Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.1 the fruit-fly experi

4、ments.Fruit flies 2 to live shorter lives.1.A SupposeB Consider C Observe D Imagine2.A tendedB feared C happenedD threatenedconsider+名词性短语 是英文中常见的引出具体事例的方式，consider+名词性短语=take sth.as an example一个衍生练习：2020-47：Before each of their revelations,many thinkers at the time had sustained more ancient ways o

5、f thinking,_ the geo-centric view that the Earth was at the centre of our universe.Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.1consider the fruit-fly experiments.Fruit flies 2 to live shorter lives.A tended to 往往，常常，倾向于，易于B feared to 害怕，恐怕 C happened to 碰巧，恰好D t

6、hreatened to 威胁，预示This suggests（that 3 bulbs burn longer）,（that there is a(n)4 in not being too bright）.3.A thinnerB stabler C lighter D dimmer4.A tendencyB advantageC inclinationD priority更聪明的果蝇更短命=更愚笨的果蝇更长寿tendency：if someone or something has a tendency to do or become a particular thing,they are

7、likely to do or become it inclination：a feeling that makes you want to do something；a tendency to think or behave in a particular wayorientation：the type of activity or subject that a person or organization seems most interested in and gives most attention toPara 2:Intelligence,it 5 ,is a high-price

8、d option.It takes more upkeep,burns more fuel and is slow 6 the starting line because it depends on learning a(n)7 process instead of instinct.Plenty of other species are able to learn,and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to 8 .It 5 that intelligence is a high-priced option.主语从句Th

9、at the earth turns around the sun is known to all.It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.主语从句That the earth turns around the sun is known to all.It is known to all that the earth turns around the sun.It is necessary（that）It is known to all（that）It is common knowledge（that）It occurred

10、 to me（that）It makes sense（that.）It turns out（that.）Intelligence,it 5 ,is a high-priced option.It 5 intelligence is a high-priced option.It 5 that intelligence is a high-priced option.That intelligence is a high-priced option _5_.Intelligence,it 5 ,is a high-priced option.It takes more upkeep（它需要更多的

11、“给养”）,burns more fuel（消耗更多的“燃料”）and is slow 6 the starting line/because it depends on learning a(n)7 process instead of instinct.Plenty of other species are able to learn,and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to 8 .5.A insists on B sums upC turns out D puts forward6.A off B behind

12、C over D along7.A incredible B spontaneousC inevitable D gradual8.A fight B doubt C stop D thinkIntelligence,it 5turns out ,is a high-priced option.It takes more upkeep,burns more fuel and is slow 6off the starting line because it depends on learning a 7gradual process instead of instinct.Plenty of

13、other species are able to learn,and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to 8 .许多其他物种也有学习能力，但看来它们已学会何时该_。8.A fight B doubt C stop D thinkIntelligence,it 5turns out ,is a high-priced option.It takes more upkeep,burns more fuel and is slow 6off the starting line because it depends on le

14、arning a 7gradual process instead of instinct.Plenty of other species are able to learn,and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to 8 .段首句：Intelligence,it turns out ,is a high-priced option.文首句：Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are.Intelligen

15、ce,it 5turns out ,is a high-priced option.It takes more upkeep,burns more fuel and is slow 6off the starting line because it depends on learning a 7gradual process instead of instinct.Plenty of other species are able to learn,and one of the things theyve apparently learned is when to 8 .由段首句和文首句 作者基

16、本的态度倾向是“质疑人类所谓高智力的绝对意义”而other species 表明作者试图把动物和人类作比较，结合客观事实“动物远不及人类聪明”可以判断“one of the things theyve apparently learned is”暗中传递对动物的赞赏口吻 人和动物都会学习，但有一项人没有学会，动物却学会的道理是 何时该？借以传达“质疑”立意。人类在通往智慧的途中应该适可而止，留些时间给本真的世界与生命。Para 3:Is there an adaptive value（适应值）to 9 intelligence?Thats the question behind this ne

17、w research.Instead of casting a wistful（依依不舍的，徒然神往的）glance 10 at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise,it implicitly（含蓄地）asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be.This is 12 the mind of every animal weve ever met.Is there an adaptive value to 9 intelligence?Thats the question

18、behind this new research.Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise,it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be.This is 12 the mind of every animal weve ever met.9.A invisible B limitedC indefiniteD different_ 的智力是否存在适应性价值（好处）？这

19、正是此项研究背后的问题。上文：“高智力也有劣势，高智力代价高昂”Is there an adaptive value to 9limited intelligence?Thats the question behind this new research.Instead of casting a wistful glance 10 at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise,it implicitly asks what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be.This is 12 th

20、e mind of every animal weve ever met.10.A upward B forwardC afterwardD backward11.A features B influencesC results D costs12.A outside B on C by D acrossInstead of/casting a wistful glance _at all the species weve left/in the dust I.Q.-wise不是投以怜悯的目光向被我们_的所有物种在智商的灰尘中译:该研究目的不是要我们对那些在智力方面远远落后于人类的物种投以怜悯

21、的目光，而是.Is there an adaptive value to 9limited intelligence?Thats the question behind this new research.Instead of casting a wistful glance 10backward at all the species weve left in the dust I.Q.-wise,it implicitly asks（what the real 11 of our own intelligence might be.）This is 12 the mind of every

22、animal weve ever met.11.A features B influencesC results D costs12.A outside B on C by D acrossThis is 12 the mind of every animal Ive ever met.A outside 在.之外B on 在.上面/在.方面C by 由，接方法/手段D across 经过on ones mind:on the mind of 挂在心上/惦念这一问题也是我们所遇到的每一个动物在思考或惦记的问题。outside the mind of:在.思想之外的by the mind of:

23、由.想出across the mind of:自.脑海中掠过的The physical world exists outside the mind of a human being Para 3:Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance.Every cat with an owner,14 ,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning

24、.We believe that 15 animals ran the labs,they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience,our faithfulness,our memory for locations.They would try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17 ,not merely how much of it there is.18 ,they would hope to study a(n)19 question:Are humans actuall

25、y aware of the world they live in?20 the results are inconclusive.Para 1:Research on animal intelligence always makes us wonder just how smart humans are？Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance.Every cat with an owner,14

26、 ,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning.We believe that 15 animals ran the labs,they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience,our faithfulness,our memory for locations.13.A deliver B carry C perform D apply14.A by chanceB in contrastC as usual D for instance15.A if B unless C

27、as D lest16.A moderateB overcomeC determine D reachResearch on animal intelligence also makes me wonder(what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance.)13.A deliver B carry C perform D applyResearch on animal intelligence also makes me wonder（animals would 13 what experiments/on

28、humans/if they had the chance.）Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13 on humans if they had the chance.Every cat with an owner,14 ,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning.We believe that 15 animals ran the labs,they would test us to 16 t

29、he limits of our patience,our faithfulness,our memory for locations.A deliver 递送，呈递 B carry 传送，携带 C perform 履行；执行；实施 D apply 应用，适用上文：what experiments animals would perform on humans if they had the chance.下文：we believe that 15 animals ran the labs,they would test us to 16 the limits of our patience,

30、Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 13perform on humans if they had the chance.Every cat with an owner,14 ,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning（小规模的操作性条件反射研究）.We believe that 15 animals ran the labs,/they would test us to 16 the limit

31、s of our patience,our faithfulness,our memory for locations.14.A by chanceB in contrastC as usual D for instance15.A if B unless C as D lest16.A moderateB overcomeC determine D reachThey would try to decide(what intelligence in humans is really 17 ,not merely how much of it there is.)18 ,they would

32、hope to study a(n)19 question:Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?20 the results are inconclusive.17.A at B for C after D with18.A Above allB After all C However D Otherwise19.A fundamentalB comprehensiveC equivalentD hostile20.A By accidentB In time C So far D Better stillThey would

33、 try to decide what intelligence in humans is really 17,not merely how much of it there is，A at 在于B for 为了；图了 C after 随./像.D with 具备（某些因素）A Above all 最重要的是，尤其是；最高级B After all 终究，毕竟 C However 然而，转折 相反D Otherwise 条件 接结果A fundamental 基本的；根本的B comprehensive 综合的；全面的 C equivalent 相等的 D hostile 敌对的A By acc

34、ident 偶然B In time 及时；最终；终于 C So far 到目前为止（结论）D Better still 更好 Instead of casting a wistful glance at all the species,it asks what the costs of our own intelligence might be.Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable,Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness:instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy,we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition.“少年，你的职责是平整土地，而非焦虑时光。你做三四月的事，在八九月自有答案。“