2021年山西省太原市高考英语模拟试卷（三）（附答案详解）.pdf

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1、2021年山西省太原市高考英语模拟试卷（三）一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）APre-College Program Courses The Harvard Pre-College Program will be hosting all coursesonline fbr Summer 2021.To encourage interactive learning,class sizes are small and typicallyrange from 12 to 18 students.In this collegial setting,you will practice th

2、e art of healthy debates,learn to communicate clearly on complex topics,and deliver presentations on your ownresearch,all under the guidance of Harvard instructors for a true Ivy League experience.At theend of the program,you will receive a written evaluation from your instructor,as well as aHarvard

3、 transcript with a grade of AR or NM（requirements met or Hrequirements not met1）.Please note：You need to attend every online class in its entirety to receive a passing grade ofMet All Requirements,.Course：Care in Critical Times Jul 5-Aug 16,Mon.to Thurs.,8：30-11：00 am Andrea WrightWhat is care?How c

4、an and do communities encourage care as a tool for building healing,andhope?This course requires students to not only ask how they might engage in caring acts withtheir own communities,but to complete a locally based community project that brings care.Course：Introduction to neuroscience Jul 7-Jul 25

5、,Wed.to Fri.,Noon-3：00 pm Grace FrancisThis course is an introduction to the nervous system,with emphasis on the structure andfunction of the human brain.Course：College Writing Jul 1 -Jul 22,Thurs.to Sat.,8：00-11：30 am,Martin T.GreenupThis course introduces students to college writing by taking them

6、 through the steps required tocomplete a five-page analytic essay.Students read a range of classic and contemporary shortstories,and develop strategies for careful close reading via class discussion and in-classexercises.Course：The Economics of Cities Jun 17-Jul 29,Sun.to Thurs.,3：15-6：15 pm Thomas

7、Shay HillWhat causes cities to grow,and what limits their growth?What are the costs of urbanliving,and how can they be overcome?We examine a range of major urban issues from aneconomic view：traffic and transportation；water,public health and the role of cities ingenerating economic growth and technol

8、ogical innovation.1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To offer an overview of the program.B.To introduce the program instructors.C.To present the contents of the guidance.D.To explain the requirements of the courses.2.Which course can you take if you are available on Friday mornings in Ju

9、ly?A.Care in Critical Times.B.College Writing.C.Introduction to neuroscience.D.The Economics of Cities.3.Whose course should you choose if you are interested in urban public health?A.Andrea Wrights.B.Grace Franciss.C.Martin T.Greenups.D.Thomas Shay Hilfs.BWearing a caveman mask,Dr.John Marzluff walk

10、s across the campus at the University ofWashington in Seattle.Crows（乌鸦）circle and squawk（尖叫），diving at him and away.Beneath the mask,he smiles.Days before,he and his students,wearing caveman masks,trappedthem and placed colored plastic bands on their legs.Then they released the unhappy birds.When th

11、e researchers wandered around campus without the masks,the crows they had caughtand banded did not react to them.But when the same humans walked by while wearing themasks,the crows scolded loudly and dived at their enemies.At first,only the banded birds reacted aggressively to the people in masks.Bu

12、t in latertests,more and more crows joined in,and even when the banded birds were not around.nCrowsthink and dream,fight and play,reason and take risks,he says.Their antics confuse us.This led him to study how crows brains work.He and his students wore one type of mask asthey captured crows and brou

13、ght them into the lab,training them to link that face with danger.Then a different kind of mask for more positive activities,such as feeding and caring.Then he第2页，共22页worked with scientists at the university who scan animal brains to see which parts of a crowsbrain do certain tasks.Surprisingly,the

14、scientists found that when the crow saw the dangermask,one part of its brain became active.When the crow saw the care and feeding,mask,adifferent part of its brain lit up.The team has shown that crows use the same parts of theirbrains for recognition that humans do-something that was not known befor

15、e!More than 10 years after the first mask experiment,campus crows still scold the cavemen.Crows also recognize people who are kind to them.Crows are always watching us.and theyremember.4.Why does Dr.John Marzluff smile?A.He intends to show his kindness.B.He realizes his trick has worked.C.He is amus

16、ed by the happy crows.D.He is embarrassed at the crows response.5.What does the underlined word antics in the third paragraph probably refer to?A.Ways of behaving.B.Hunting types.C.Flying models.D.Chances of survival.6.Which of the following words can best describe the crows according to the text?A.

17、Sociable,intelligent and observant.B.Noisy,dangerous and annoying.C.Reasonable,cautious and aggressive.D.Strong-headed,proud and popular.7.What can we conclude about crows from the fourth paragraph?A.They share the same wisdom as humans do.B.They never forgive those who once hurt them.C.They only re

18、cognize the people who are bad to them.D.They perform tasks with different parts of their brains.cWe often hear friends ask why they should read fiction.There is so much to learn from history,from what is going on at the frontiers of science,and from contemporary studies of humanbehavior.Why should

19、they spend their scarce free time reading fiction,the purpose of which,at best,is only entertainment?We are disappointed about such comments.Yes,we respond,we do find pleasure in readingfiction.But we also learn much about how to best live our lives in ways that can only becaptured by fiction.We rec

20、ognize that some novels are entertaining,but leave no lastingimpression.What makes a novel more than entertainment?Our answer is that we dont just read great books-they read us as well.The human condition iscomplex and contradictory,layered like an ice-cream dessert,with flavors mixed among thelayer

21、s.A great novel reflects that complexity.We may read it several times,as we do with ourfavorites,and each time it is like finding an old friend and gaining new insights from that friend.We put it down with new understandings of the world around us and,most important,ofourselves.Lets look at the nove

22、l Frankenstein,written in 1818 by Mary Shelley.Frankenstein is not themonster,but a young man seeking out the secrets of the universe.He collects body parts andcharges it with life.When the dull yellow eyes open,however,Frankenstein,shocked by whathe has done,abandons the creature,which ultimately k

23、ills Frankensteins brother,his bride,andhis best friend.On one level,Frankenstein is entertaining-a good horror story,though a little dated.ButShelley writes more than just that.On a deeper level,her book forces us to ask whether humansreach too far to gain knowledge that is as forbidden as the frui

24、t of the Garden of Eden.Thistheme,as old as the legend of Prometheus（普罗米修斯）,dominates Frankenstein.Shelley,of course,knew nothing of genetic（遗传的）engineering that happens today.She was deeplytroubled by what human beings might discover about themselves,and the effects of thosediscoveries on society.O

25、ur reading of great literature can also be enriched by understanding theauthors personal interests and anxieties.8.How does the author feel about fiction reading?A.It is a window to a whole new world.B.It helps us discover the frontiers of science.C.It offers insight into how to live best lives.D.It

26、 holds some clues to understanding our memory.9.Why does the author say great books read us as well?A.Because they deserve reading several times.B.Because they lead us to a rich and colorful life.C.Because they explore humans*complex reality.D.Because they improve the writer-reader relationship.第4页，

27、共22页10.What do we know about the novel Frankenstein!A.It is based on a grand theme.B.It is a record of a historic event.C.It is merely a great horror story.D.It is about the legend of Prometheus.11.What is the best title of the text?A.Why should we read fiction?B.Can novel reading last long?C.Read f

28、or fun or read for none?D.Is Frankenstein really entertaining?DWindows are a key component in a buildings design,but they are also the least energyefficient part.According to a 2009 report by the United Nations,buildings account for 40percent of global energy usage,and windows are responsible for ha

29、lf of that energyconsumption.If conventional windows are used to better block sunlight passing into a building,they need expensive coatings.Even so,they can not adjust the indoor temperature effectively.Scientists at the Nanyang Technological University,Singapore(NTU)have developed asmart liquid win

30、dow panel that can help.By creating a mixture of micro-hydrogel(水凝胶),water,and a stabilizer,they found that it can effectively reduce energy consumption in a varietyof climates.Thanks to the hydrogel,the mixture becomes hard-to-see-through whenexposed to heat,thus blocking sunlight,and,when cool,it

31、returns to its original clear state.The high heat capacity of water allows a large amount of heat energy to be stored instead ofgetting transferred through the glass and into the building during the hot daytime when officebuildings mainly operate.The heat will then be gradually cooled and released a

32、t night when thestaff are off duty.As a proof of concept,the scientists conducted outdoor tests in hot(Singapore,Guangzhou)and cold(Beijing)environments.The Singapore test revealed that the smart liquid windowhad a lower temperature(50)during the hottest time of the day(noon)compared to anormal glas

33、s window(84).The Beijing tests showed that the room using the smart liquidwindow consumed 11 percent less energy to maintain the same temperature compared to theroom with a normal glass window.They also measured when the highest value of stored heatenergy of the day occurred.This temperature peak*in

34、 the normal glass window was 2 pm,andin the smart liquid window was shifted to 3 pm.If this temperature peak shift leads to a shift inthe time when a building needs to draw on electrical power to cool or warm the building,itshould result in lower energy charges for users.The research team is seeking

35、 ways to cut downthe cost of producing the smart window and so far,they have found several industry partners tocommercialize it.12.What is the disadvantage of conventional windows?A.They are expensive.B.They are not heatproof.C.They contribute less to energy saving.D.They cant block light into the b

36、uilding.13.How does a smart liquid window panel work,to cool buildings?A.By taking in much of heat energy.B.By returning to its original clear state.C.By getting most of sunlight transiened.D.By spreading sunlight in different directions.14.According to paragraph 3,what is the value of the temperatu

37、re peak shift?A.It will make the windows long-lasting.B.It could help the building users reduce costs.C.It makes the buildings rely on no electrical power.D.It helps the windows maintain a constant temperature.15.What can we expect of the smart window in the future?A.It will be unaffordable.B.It nee

38、ds to be further improved.C.It will be widely used in the city.D.It will come onto the market soon.二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)How to Cope When Life Does Things We Cant Control Stuff happens in life.(1)Weneither see the difficulties coming,nor have control to stop them.The result,of course,is moreanxiety

39、 and stress than we know.Here are approaches that can help us move through what lifethrows us.Throw our inner victim a life jacket.When life becomes messy,it often feels easier to justthrow up our hands and assume we cant do anything.(2)Being a victim often allows第6 页，共 22页us to pretend we are fine

40、and choose to feel sorry for ourselves.While we cant change what hashappened,none of us are powerless.Consider finding a stress support group or calling a hotline.We all have the power to choose our next step in life.(3)When we are under stress,the natural tendency is to talk things through withour

41、friends and loved ones.(4)Writing things down on paper can be an amazing wayto make the facts clear and keep them straight.The process of moving thought to hand makes itharder for us to lie to ourselves.The more we get to the truth of our situation,the more we cansource ways to deal with it.We might

42、 also benefit from writing down our ideas for managingour situation.Switch up our perspective(视角).(5)It rarely is.Instead,it*s a perspective.Imagine life is a statue,and that a circle of people surrounds the statue,how many more anglesare there to see things from than the one you are standing at?Som

43、etimes a new perspectivecan put us into a better mindset.A.Be honest-on paper.B.It does work,but not always.C.This is a form of victim mode.D.And often,difficult stuff happens.E.Therefore,life may throw us a curve ball.F.Get support-from our friends and loved ones.G.Many of us believe what we think

44、is the whole truth.三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G17.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.GMy husband Mike waved a stick in my face,pulling my attention back to the very importanttask at hand.As I looked up,I saw our dog Bagels(1

45、)commanding to make the nextmove.From our first encounter,Bagels stare has said everything that she could not(2)out.Twelve years after(3)Bagel,we understood each other better than ever.Thissummer we decided to(4)the occasion with a road trip.We(5)ourselves on a Vancouver Island beach,more than 1,500

46、 miles from our(6)in Northern Colorado.Maximum(7)required the whole familysinvolvement and participation.Bagel reminded me as she waited for me to(8)ourgame of fetch.Holding my eyes with hers,she threw her head back and sent her(9)directly to me：Hey lady,youre supposed to be(10)too.Its your turn!I t

47、ook the(11)from Mike and as far as I could,(12)it into the water.Within secondsshe(13)dropping the stick at my feet with a bark,(14)!”As I watched my aging dog walk around like a puppy,I knew we had made our decision(15)but when we planned this(16)we realized that it could be one of her last.Forthe

48、last couple of years,old age had finally begun to(17)energy and strength.As she ages,it is becoming increasingly difficult to(18)the fact that Mike and I willalmost(19)outlive her.And consequently,it feels more important than ever that weshould celebrate,rather than(20)the limited time we have left.

49、21.A.eyesB.headC.heartD.figure22.A.jumpB.kickC.speakD.turn23.A.examiningB.seizingC.adoringD.adopting24.A.equipB.celebrateC.decorateD.provide25.A.adaptedB.abandonedC.foundD.exposed26.A.homeB.destinationC.hotelD.exit27.A.levelB.funC.preferenceD.movement28.A.updateB.loseC.changeD.continue29.A.barkB.whi

50、sperC.silenceD.tune30.A.teachingB.sittingC.playingD.hiding31.A.panelB.stickC.ballD.bone32.A.guidedB.rolledC.pushedD.threw33.A.returnedB.hesitatedC.appearedD.passed第 8 页，共 22页34.A.NoB.SureC.AgainD.Fine35.A.patientlyB.wiselyC.directlyD.hopelessly36.A.partyB.matchC.visitD.trip37.A.rob her ofB.warn her