角度测量水的测量全册课程随堂练习题.docx
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1、第一章绪论7、某点的经度为118 45,,试计算它所在6带及3带的带号,以及中央子午线的经度是多少?答:N=INT(118 457 /6+1)=20L=20*6-3=117。n=INT(118 457 /3+1)=401=40*3=120第二章水准测量1、设A为后视点,B为前视点;A点高程是20. 016m。当后视读数为L 124m,前视读数为L 428m,问A、 B两点高差是多少? B点比A点高还是低? B点的高程是多少?并绘图说明。答:hAB =1.124-1.428 =-0.304m 用=200160.304 = 19.712根 B 点比 A 点低7、调整表2-3中附合路线等外水准测量观
2、测成果,并求出各点的高程。hAR =61.819-57.967 = 3.852加Eh ar =4.363 + 2413-3.121 + 1.263+2.716-3.715= 3.919mfh =3.919-3.852 = 0.067加fh - 12J7 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 8 = 68mmH. =Ha + 4 +% = 57.967 + 4.363 + -Q,67 x 7 = 62.316m1 A 1133=H, + 儿 +% = 62.316 + 2.413 + 闲 x3 = 64.723帆+ h3 +v3 = 64.723-3.121+ 0,67 x4 = 61.594mh
3、2h3=H2h4+ /4 + v4h5=H4h6-h533= 61.594 + 1.263 + 0067 x 5 = 62.847m33=62.847 + 2.716+ 0,067 x 6 = 65.55Im33= 65.551-3.715 +8 = 61.820帆338、调整图2-40所示的闭合水准路线的观测成果,并求出各点的高程。fh =Eh =1.224-1.424+1.781-1.714+0.108=-0.025mm竺” x 10 = 45.559加 490.025 0x8 = 44.139m490.025 x 8 = 45.924mfh= 12710 + 8 + 8 + 11 + 1
4、2 二 84mm乩二H|()+4 +% =44.330 + 1.224 +H2 =H1+/z2 +v2 =45.559 1.424 +490.025 一x 11 = 44.216m490.025 x 12 = 44.330m49H3=H2+/z3+v3 =44.139 + 1.781 +H4 = H3 + /?4 + v4 =45.924-1.714 +H10 = H4 + /z5 + v5 =44.216 + 0.108 + 10、设A、B两点相距80m,水准仪安置于中点C,测得A点尺上读数a尸L 321m, B点尺上的读数bl. 117m;16、第14题在算出各桩坐标后,前半曲线打算改用极
5、坐标法测设。在曲线附近选一转点ZD,将仪器置于ZH点上,测得ZH点至ZD的距离S=15. 670m,切线正向顺时针与S直线的夹角a =15 10, 12。试计算各桩的测设角度和距离。由题可知,ZD在以ZH点为原点的相对坐标系中的坐标为:XZD=S sin a =4.101Yzd=S cos a =15.124前半曲线各桩在上述相对坐标系中的坐标在第13题中已知,则以ZD为测站点,以ZH为后视点,可 以计算出各桩与S顺时针夹角和距离:桩号(部分)测设角度距离(m)K20+555.018 (ZH)000 00 0015.670K20+600158 35 5930.021K20+615.018 (H
6、Y)162 087 41”44.865K20+700172 58, 00128.345K20+800183 0997 19223.236K20+900193 58, 03311.951K20+957.693 (QZ)198 40 06360.144第十二章路线纵、横断面测量4.中平测量记录计算表表12-6测点水准尺读数(m)视线高程 (m)高程(m)备注后视中视前视bm51.426419.054417.628K4+9800.87418.18K5+0001.56417.49+0204.25414.80+0401.62417.43+0602.30416.75ZDi0.8762.402417.528
7、416.652+0802.42415.11+092.41.87415.66+ 1000.32417.21ZD21.2862.004416.810415.524+1203.15413.66+1403.04413.77+ 1600.94415.87+ 1801.88414.93+2002.00414.81bm62.186414.624基平BM6高程 为 414.635仪器搬至B点附近,又测得B点尺上的读数b2=l. 466m, A点尺上读数a2=l. 695m。试问该仪器水准管轴是 否平行于视准轴?如不平行,应如何校正?hah17 = 0.204m% =L695-1.466 = 0.229根%。%
8、=1.466 +0.204 = 1.670m水准管轴和视准轴不平行。校正方法:调节微倾螺旋使读数为L 670叫调节管水准器一端的调节螺旋使水 准管气泡居中。第三章角度测量5、整理表3-5测回法观测水平角的记录手簿。水平角观测记录(测回法)测站盘位目标读数半测回角值平均角值备注0左A0 02 00120 16 24120 16 1224 45 cos45 =99.853,匕5 = Lesina4s = 149.018AXS1=D”cos% =184.794。% =Dslsinsl =127.481 J 1JIJIJJLJ,JIf = -64.386 - 66.390-153.721 + 99.8
9、53 +184.794 = 0.15J Afy = 86.223 + 28.982 - 93.494-149.018 + 127.481 = 0.174f = V A2 + fy = a/o.152+O.1742 = 0.2301f0.23011=K ED763.853300 2000= AX1? +xD1? =-64.386 -107.61 =-64.407ED763.85-fn174A% = AE2 +-xD19 =86.223 - x 107.61 = 86298 ED763.85AX =66.404, AR; =28.965, AX ;4153.756, AK; =93.535,AX
10、=99.818, A% =-149.059, AX;, = 184.750, AE; =127.430, X? =X +AX;2 =500-64.407 = 435.593Y2=匕 +Y;2 =500 + 86.198 = 586.198X3 =369.189j=615.163,X4 =215333,匕=521.628,X5 =315.251,% = 372.569,Xi =500.001,1; =499.999fp =aAB-aCD +4x180月= 54% = 1203014,尸;=2121544血=1451013,a=1701901。二。八8+180 =104。2946=72。1402,
11、。“ =1070349,戊。)=1164448Xm = DH cosaH=297.26xcosl0429W = -74.408m, A/. =287.797,AXI2 = 57.307, AX? =178.853, AX* =-27.407, AKC = 89.288, 141 X*4Lz乙fx = -74.408 + 57.307 - 27.407 - (155.37 - 200.00) = 0.122m, fy =-0.122m/ = 0.173, ED= 297.26 +187.81 + 93.40 = 578.471 f I= K ID 3300 2000f0 122AX = AXm
12、+ 幺xDm = -74.408 :x 297.26 =-74.471m, Ay = 287.860m, 创 创 D B578,47创AXA = 57.267m, AK; = 178.893m,AX3 = -27.427m, AKr = 89.308m I4I乙乙lx4X| uXb+AX% = 200.00 74.471 = 125.529m,匕=487.860,X2 =182.796m, 72= 666.753帆,X。=155.369九七=756.061%第八章大比例尺地形图测绘4、某地的纬度=34。10,经度=108 50,,试求该地区划1: 1000000、1:100000. 1: 10
13、000这三种图 幅的图号。答:1-49, 1-49-62, 1-49-62-(30)5、用视距测量的方法进行碎部测量时,已知测站点的高程H站=400. 12m,仪器高i=L 532m,上丝读数0. 766, 下丝读数0,902,中丝读数0.830,竖盘读数L=98。327 48,试计算水平距离及碎部点的高程。(注: 该点为高于水平视线的目标点。)D = kncos1二=100 x (0.902 0.766) cos2 (9832r48-90) = 13.30mH H + knsin 2a + i I 2=400.12 + -xl00x (0.902 0.766) sin 2 x (983248
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