2023届湖南省部分学校高三4月模拟考试英语试题（含答案解析）.docx

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1、2023届湖南省部分学校高三4月模拟考试英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Cities are taking steps to support wildlife populations and educate citizens about the importance of the environment. Here are four of the most wildlife-friendly cities in the United States.Austin, TexasAustin, the capital of Texas, earns the rank as the top

2、 city for wildlife in large part due to its work to help improve declining monarch butterfly populations. Austin sits within the main migration pattern of the monarch, which means that monarch butterflies pass through it twice annually. Austin also leads all US cities with 2,616 certified （经认证的）wild

3、life habitats.Atlanta, GeorgiaAtlanta secures the second-place ranking thanks to its Climate Action Plan, which aims to expand on the 3,000 acres of parks that the city already manages. Already classified by the US Forest Service as one of the most forested urban centers in the country, Atlanta also

4、 calls fbr planting more trees and creating more green spaces based on its climate plan. Six neighborhoods in Atlanta have been designated （指定）as Community Wildlife Habitats. Put together, these areas of vegetation can help reduce the urban heat island effect in the city.Seattle, WashingtonSeattle i

5、s home to 489 parks that span 6,441 acres, including 2,500 acres of forested public land. The citys largest park, Discovery Park, covers 534 acres and serves as an important protected area fbr birds and marine animals. Due to the amount of forested land in Seattle, the researchers use the city to st

6、udy how urban environments can be designed to support wildlife. The Seattle Urban Project enlists the community to report wildlife sightings, which helps to demonstrate how and where flesh-eating mammals can coexist with humans.Chula Vista, CaliforniaChula Vista, a city in southern California, ranks

7、 high on the list due to its efforts to combat water use issues. The citys NatureScape Program encourages citizens to replace lawns with gardens of native plants that attract pollinators （传粉昆虫）and conserve water. The city has also formed the CLEAN group, a partnership between the government, busines

8、ses and community groups designed to address environmental issues.六、读后续写47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。My ten-year-old self loved summertime. The best part of summer was the community pool. Everyone was there.We didnt have a care in the world. Our biggest concern was which one of us could h

9、old her breath underwater the longest. We didnt care what we looked like or who was cool. I never once thought about how I looked in a swimsuit or if my hair looked good. I was aware that I wasnt super-thin like some of the other girls I saw, but I didnt care.And then one day, I was taking my turn o

10、n the diving board with all the other kids. I jumped in, floated freely to the top and swam over to the ladder to make my way out of the pool. I noticed a girl standing at the top of the ladder, so I swam slowly, giving her time to move. I didnt know her. She looked cute and thin.But instead of movi

11、ng, a strange thing happened. This girl leaned over the pool and said to me, “They dont allow beached （搁浅的）whales in this pool.Beached whales? I soon realized that I was the beached whale. Suddenly, my cool blue swimsuit didnt cover enough. I got out of the pool quickly and wrapped my towel around m

12、y body, feeling like I was going to throw up. From that moment on, I was aware of my size.Clothes became a horrible dream, and I struggled through my teen years and into adulthood. I cried over clothes that didnt fit. My heart had always hated the little girl by the pool, who took the confidence out

13、 of my life until I got my daughter, Lisa.One day I dressed my little girl in beautiful clothes and put a bow （蝴蝶结）on her head, but she refused because she liked to be comfortable. Is society interested in comfort? However, when I stared at her, I suddenly realized how beautiful she was, even though

14、 she was covered in mud. 注意：1 .续写词数应为150左右；2 .请按如下格式作答。When Lisa was ten, I came across a picture of myself when I was ten and I showed it to her.Then I told her the story of the little girl by the pool.参考答案:1. D 2. B3. D【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了美国四个对野生动物最友好的城市。1 .细节理解题。根据 Austin, Texas 部分中“Austin also lea

15、ds all US cities with 2,616 certified （经 认证的）wildlife habitats.（奥斯汀也在美国所有城市中领先，拥有2616个认证的野生动物栖息 地。广可知，奥斯汀也在美国所有城市中领先，拥有2616个认证的野生动物栖息地。故选 Do2 .细节理解题。根据 Seattle, Washington 部分中“Due to the amount of forested land in Seattle, the researchers use the city to study how urban environments can be designed

16、to support wildlife. （由于西雅图有大量的林地，研究人员利用这座城市来研究如何设计城市环境来支持野生动 物。）以及The Seattle Urban Project enlists the community to report wildlife sightings, which helps to demonstrate how and where flesh-eating mammals can coexist with humans.（ 西雅图城 市项目号召社区报告野生动物目击事件，这有助于展示食肉哺乳动物如何以及在何处与人类 共存。户可知，西雅图的研究者正在努力的研究

17、如何设计城市环境来支持野生动物，有助于 促进人类和动物共存即如何让城市对野生动物友好。故选B。3 .细节理解题。根据 Chula Vista, California 部分中“The citys Nature Scape Program encourages citizens to replace lawns with gardens of native plants that attract pollinators （传粉 昆虫）and conserve water.（该市的“自然景观计划”鼓励市民将草坪换成本地植物花园，以吸引传粉者并 节约用水。户可知，自然景观计划有利于帮助更多本土植物繁殖

18、。故选D。4 . B 5. A 6. A 7. C【导语】这是一篇记叙文，作者描述了一家人如何度过了没有电的一天。4 .细节理解题。根据第一段中“Finally, I got up and attempted to switch on the lightnothing happened. I checked my phone. No Wi-Fi, no data.（最后，我站起来，试图打开灯什么也没有发生。我看了看手机。没有Wi-Fi,没有数据厂可知，作者醒来后发现没有电。故选B。5 .细节理解题。根据第二段中“My work meetings and deadlines, my sons,

19、classes and tests, my husbands plans 一 everything would have to wait.（我的工作会议和最后期限，我儿子的课程和 考试，我丈夫的计划所有的事情都必须推迟广可知，没有电打乱了作者家里每个人的安 排。故选A。6 .推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合最后一段中“We were recharged by the unexpected gift of a day together.（在一起一天这意外的礼物让我们充满了活力）”可知I,作者详细描述了在没有电 的情况下家人进行的一些活动，最后作者感悟到这一天过得很充实，这个意外让每个人都充 满了活

20、力，故作者描写那天家人的活动是为她的感悟作铺垫。故选A。7 .推理判断题。根据文章内容，结合最后一段中We were recharged by the unexpected gift of a day together.（在一起一天这意外的礼物让我们充满了活力户可知，在没有电的情况下，作者 一家人一起玩游戏、散步、玩耍，每个人都充满了活力，所以对作者来说，那天是一个让家 人亲近的美好日子。故选C。8 . A 9. B 10. D 11. C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是野生动物过境点是人造结构，如地下通道、天桥 或涵洞，帮助动物安全地在栖息地周围移动，不仅保护动物和生物多样性。一项新的

21、研究发 现，它们还可以减少汽车碰撞的次数，节省大量资金。8 .细节理解题。根据第二段中“I thought it would be useful to provide some information on the financial benefits of wildlife crossing structures for policymakers, transportation planners, and conservationists（我认为，为政策制定者、交通规划者和环保主义者提供一些关于野生动物过 境结构的经济效益的信息将是有用的。）”可知，Sugiarto认为该研究对政策制定者、交

22、通规 划者和环保主义者提供了一些关于野生动物国境结构的经济效用的信息，这是有用的，故表 示这些提供的信息是必要的。故选A。9 .细节理解题。根据第三段中He examined data for 13 of the 22 wildlife crossings in Washington State from 2011 to 2020. Then he made adjustments based on how close the crossings were to other structures and the time it took to build them.（他研究了 2011 年至

23、2020 年华盛顿州 22个野生动物过境点中13个的数据。然后，他根据十字路口与其他建筑物的距离以及建造 它们所需的时间进行了调整。户可知，该项研究通过对专业数据的分析而开展的。故选B。 10.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Besides, the findings are timely. The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act passed in 2021 includes $350 million over five years for the construction of wildlife crossings此外，这些发现是及时的。2021

24、年通过的基础设施投资和就业法案 包括在五年内为野生动物过境点建设提供3.5亿美元。厂可知，正是这项研究发现及时地公 布，才通过了基础设施投资和就业法案，由此为野生动物过境点建设提供3.5亿美元。 故选Do11 .推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Before working on this research, I wasnt aware of any strategies to reduce wildlife-vehicle collisions.（在从事这项研究之前，我不知道有任何减少野生 动物车辆碰撞的策略。厂以及“However, it turns out that there are mul

25、tiple strategies to handle issues related to wildlife-vehicle collisions and that we can do something about them.（然而，事实 证明，有多种策略可以处理与野生动物车辆碰撞有关的问题，我们可以对此采取一些措施。户 可知，通过该项研究，改变了他对野生动物车辆碰撞的看法。故选C。12 . A 13. C 14. D 15. B【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一个意大利小镇普雷西切镇的复苏策略。12 .推理判断题。根据第一段Towns across Italy have been raci

26、ng to launch clever plans aimed at attracting new residents to revive their fortunes in recent years. From abandoned homes selling for little more than a euro, to ready- to-occupy houses at knockdown prices, there has been a rush of competition.（近年来，意大利各地城镇都在竞相推出巧妙的计划，旨在吸引新居民来振 兴它们的经济。从售价略高于一欧元的废弃房屋

27、，到价格极低的待入住房屋，竞争激烈。） 以及“Authorities in Presicce hope the cash motivation will breathe new life into their depopulating town, where newborns are fewer each year.”（普雷西切镇政府希望，现金激励能 给这个人口不断减少的小镇注入新的活力，这里的新生儿每年都在减少。）可推知，根据文 中，许多意大利城镇面临人口下降的问题。故选A项。13 .词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Towns across Italy have been racing to la

28、unch clever plans aimed at attracting new residents to revive their fortunes in recent years.”（近年来， 意大利各地 城镇都在竞相推出巧妙的计划，旨在吸引新居民来振兴它们的经济。）以及划线单词句中的 “The picturesque town of Presicce in the sunny region of Puglia is.”（风景如画的普雷西切镇位 于阳光明媚的普利亚地区，是）和。ffer提议，可推知，风景如画的普雷西切镇位于阳 光明媚的普利亚地区，是最新进入这个巧妙计划的一个非常诱人的提议

29、。故可猜测划线单词 tempting为“诱人的，吸引人的“意思，结合选项C项Attractive“吸引人的”意思一致。故选C 项。14 .推理判断题。根据第四段“Presicce dates back to the middle Ages, flourishing during the Renaissance as a prosperous place known for its fine wine, cheeses and cattle trade. It gains a reputation as Puglias “town of green gold for green olive tr

30、ees and olive oil. Its location is incredible, surrounded by the nature of the Salento area and close to beautiful beaches and clear 答案第3页，共10页waters of Santa Maria di Leuca.”（普雷西切的历史可以追溯到中世纪，在文艺复兴时期是一 个繁荣的地方，以其优质的葡萄酒、奶酪和牲畜贸易而闻名。由于绿色的橄榄树和橄榄油， 它获得了普利亚“绿色黄金之城”的美誉。它的地理位置令人难以置信，被萨伦托地区的自然 所包围，靠近美丽的海滩和圣玛丽

31、亚迪卢卡的清澈水域。）可推知，第4段的目的是强调复 兴普雷西切的重要性。故选D项。15 .主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“The picturesque town of Presicce in the sunny region of Puglia is the latest to enter the game with a very tempting offer. Officials say they will pay people up to 30,000 euros to buy an empty house and take up residency. Even better, th

32、e houses up for sale as part of the deal are priced from around 25,000 euros/7 （风景如画的普雷西 切镇位于阳光明媚的普利亚地区，是最新进入这个巧妙计划的一个非常诱人的提议。官员们 表示，他们将向购买空置房屋并获得居住权的人支付3万欧元。更棒的是，作为交易的一部 分，这些房子的价格从2.5万欧元左右起。）以及最后一段“The town hall has already launched other plans to attract more residents, including tax benefits to s

33、et up new business activities and baby bonuses for families with kids.”（市政厅已经推出了其他计划来吸引更多的居民，包括税 收优惠以建立新的商业活动，以及为有孩子的家庭提供婴儿奖金。）可知，文章主要讲的是 一个意大利小镇普雷西切镇的复苏策略。故选B项。16 . C 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. G【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍的是如何建立牢固的家庭关系，文章给出了几个建议。 16.根据前文“Here are a few ways to strengthen your family bonds.（这里有一些加

34、强家庭纽带 的方法。户可知，此处指出加强家庭纽带不是一件容易的事，是有一些方法的。C选项 However, it is not easy to establish strong family ties.（然而，建立牢固的家庭关系并不容易。）” 符合语境，引出后文提出的加强家庭纽带关系的方法。故选C。17 . 根据前文“Good communication is crucial for any healthy relationship as it makes it easier to settle conflicts and build strong connections.（良好的沟通对于任何

35、健康的关系都是至关重要的, 因为它更容易解决冲突，建立牢固的关系。广可知，此处指出良好的沟通对于健康家庭关系 的重要性，E 选项“Listening sympathetically and talking openly can aid in forming ties.（同情地 倾听和坦诚地交谈有助于建立关系。厂指出如何做到良好的沟通即同情地倾听和坦诚地交流, 符合语境。故选E。18 .该空置于段首，属于本段段旨。根据后文的“You can start by doing activities that your family 答案第4页，共10页enjoys.（你可以从家人喜欢的活动开始。广可知

36、，本段指出参加家人喜欢的活动开始，有助于 建立牢固的家庭关系。A选项“Spend quality family time（度过有质量的家庭时光厂中的family time概括本段段旨。故选A。19 .根据本段段旨“Celebrate little moments.（庆祝小时刻。广可知，本段强调抓住时机庆祝小 时刻，有利于建立牢固的家庭关系。D 选项“But try to find surprising little things in day-to-day life.（但是试着在日常生活中发现令人惊讶的小事情。户中的little things与前文的little moments相呼应，故选D。

37、20 .根据本段段旨“Work as a team.（团队合作）”以及设空处前文“Moreover, family discussions can be used to determine everyones responsibility and build trust by respecting every members views.（此外，家庭讨论可以通过尊重每个成员的观点来确定每个人的责任和建立信任。y 可知，在家人之间构建团队协作能够明确每个人的责任并且建立信任，有助于建立牢固的家 庭关系。G 选项“Working corporately produces a feeling of

38、belonging, thus strengthening family bonds.（集体工作产生归属感，从而加强家庭纽带。厂承接前文，指出集体工作产生归属感, 从而加强家庭纽带。故选G。21 . B22. D23. C24. B25. D26. C27. B 28. A 29. C30. A31. D32. A33. B34. B35. D【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了诺曼在2008年被诊断出患有帕金森氏症，他被迫 退休，因此他的生活停了下来。但就在这个时候，诺曼和他的儿子加布进行了一次改变生活 的徒步旅行，这让这位父亲萌生了为艺术创造时间的想法。之后他为实现成为艺术家的梦想 不断努

39、力地同时，他也尽他所能为帕金森病的研究筹集资金。21 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺曼在2008年被诊断出患有帕金森氏症。当他被迫退休时， 他的生活戛然而止。A. routine常规；B. stop站点；C. point点；D. circle圆圈。根据后文“when he was forced into retirement”可知，诺曼在2008年被诊断出患有帕金森氏症，他被迫退休， 因此他的生活停了下来。故选B。22 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位70岁的老人在适应疾病生活的过程中依靠妻子菲利斯 的照顾。A. direction方向；B.shelter避难所；C. guidance指导；D.

40、care关心。根据前文“Norman was diagnosed with Parkinsons disease in 2008.“可知，他只能依靠自己的妻子照顾他。故选D。23 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，不久之后，他们的角色互换了。A. reactions反应； 答案第5页，共10页B. situations 形势；C. roles 角色；D. attitudes 态度。根据后文“Norman said in focusing on looking after Phyllis”可知I,他的妻子得了癌症，反之需要他来照顾，故表示他们的角色发生了逆转。 故选Co24 .考查动词词义辨析。句

41、意：他的妻子患上了脑癌。A. resisted抵制；B. developed发展， 患上；C. researched研究；D. defeated打败。根据cancer”可知，他的妻子换上了脑癌。故选Bo25 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：诺曼说，他专注于照顾菲利斯，没有时间坐在那里自怨自艾。 A. sit out 袖手旁观;B. sit in 出席;C. sit up 做起来;D. sit around 闲着。根据前文“focusing on looking after PhyllisJ可知，他专注于照顾菲利斯，不能无所事事。故选D。26 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在这个时候，诺曼和他的儿子加

42、布进行了一次改变生活 的徒步旅行，这让这位父亲萌生了为艺术创造时间的想法。A. life-giving提神的；B.life-defining性命攸关的；C.life-changing改变生活的；D. life-saving挽救生命的。根据后文 “which opened the dad up to the 7 of creating time for art.”可知,次改变生活的徒步 旅行，这让这位父亲萌生了为艺术创造时间的想法。故选C。27 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. expectation期待，预期；B. idea想法；C. potential 潜能；D. hope希望。根据后文

43、的“of creating time for art”可知，为艺术创造时间这是他们的 想法。故选B。28 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：不知不觉中，诺曼开始画画，并在一所社区大学上艺术课。A. drawing 画画；B. recovering 恢复；C. hiking 郊游；D. exercising 锻炼。根据前文“of creating time for art”可知，诺曼和他的儿子加布进行了一次改变生活的徒步旅行，这让这位父亲萌生 了为艺术创造时间的想法。因此他选择上的是艺术课。故选A。29 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：他很快了解到绘画有助于缓解他的症状，所以他开始教帕金 森氏症患者绘画。A.

44、 Anally最终地；B. fully充分地；C. soon不久；D.first首先。根据后文 “painting helped him relieve his symptoms”可知，绘画有助于缓解他的症状是他在学习过程中 很快了解到的事情。故选C。30 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，他的作品质量有所提高，到2018年，他 的杰作开始销售。A. compositions作品，创作；B. lessons课，教训；C.treatments对待；D. students学生们。根据后文“by 2018, his masterpieces began to sell.”可知，随着时间的推移

45、， 他的作品有所提升。故选A。31 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，诺曼甚至有幸在画廊里看到了他的作品。A. pleasure 答案第6页，共10页乐趣；B. priority 优先权；C. habit 习惯；D. honour 荣耀，荣幸。根据后文“seeing his work in galleries.”可知,在画廊里看到自己的作品，感觉到很荣耀。故选D。32 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：当诺曼继续他成为艺术家的梦想时，他也尽他所能为帕金森 病的研究筹集资金。A. proceeds行进，继续做;B.struggles挣扎;C. identifies辨别；D. experiments实验

46、。根据his dream of being an artist”可知，当诺曼继续他成为艺术家的梦想时。 故选Ao33 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. strategies策略；B. funds资金；C.standards标准； D. taxes 税收。根据hes also doing whatever he can to raise 13 for Parkinsons research.”可知，诺曼继续他成为艺术家的梦想时，他也尽他所能为帕金森病的研究筹集资金。 故选Bo34 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：诺曼希望那些来了解他生活的人能找到他们需要的灵感，去 追求他们觉得被召唤去做的任何事情

47、。A. instructions指导，说明；B. inspiration灵感；C. platforms 平台；D. transformation 转变。根据后文“they need to pursue whatever it is they feel called tod。.”可知，诺曼希望那些来了解他生活的人能找到他们需要的灵感。故选B。35 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你足够幸运得到一些认可，试着用它做一些好事。A. smart聪明的；B. mature成熟的；C.tough艰难的；D.lucky幸运的。根据后文“get some recognition”可知，得到他人的一些认可是幸运

48、的事。故选D。36 . in 37. elements 38. a 39. tells 40. rapidly 41. marked 42. that 43. and 44. representing 45. to make【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述国产科幻史诗电影流浪地球2引发了一股高科 技热潮。36 .考查介词。句意：它引发了对国家硬科技的热议，以及公众对电影衍生产品的浓厚兴趣。 interest 的兴趣，固定搭配，故填in。37 .考查名词复数。句意：北京影评人Shi Wenxue表示：“正是中国的科技实力，使得这部 科幻大片中的硬科技元素如此令人信服。”他指出，多亏了科技创新

49、和中国的太空热，这部 电影点燃了一把火。element元素，可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填elements。38 .考查不定冠词。句意同上。reviewer是可数名词，此处泛指“一位北京影评人”，应用不 定冠词。故填a。1. What is special about the city Austin, Texas?A. It manages the largest green spaces.B , It owns the largest number of parks.C. It can report the most wildlife sightings.D. It has got the most certified wildlife habitats in the US.2.