线练学校高三英语语法复习案例分析之介词.docx

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1、始驾州参艰市线练学校高三英语语法复习案例分析之介词典型陷阱题分析1. You went late the stadium yesterday evening, didn, t you?” “Yes, my wife was e little late the supper.”A. to, withB. for, withC. for, forD. at, for【陷阱】容易误选B或者Do【分析】答案选Ao第一空填to比较好理解，因为此处的late为副词，用以修饰go to the stadium中 的动词go；而第二句的with则是许多同学不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到for,现将两者区

2、别 如下：be late for表示做某事迟到，而be late with表示做某事做晚了 (=be late in doing sth) o比 较：We were late for dinner.我们吃饭迟到了。We were late with dinner =in having dinner.我们吃饭吃得迟。my wife was a little late with the supper的意思是“我妻子准备晚饭稍迟了一点”。2. We were all worried over you were sick.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that【陷

3、阱】容易误选A或者Bo【分析】答案选D。按英语习惯，除except, but极个别介词外，英语介词后通常不能直接跟that从句 作宾语。遇此情况，通常是在that从句前加之the fact,此时the fact用作介词宾语，而其后that从 句则用作the fact的同位语。请看类似试题(答案选均D)：(1) They knew nothing about he was a thief.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that(2) She must face up toshe is no longer young.A. thatB. whichC. wha

4、tD. the fact that(3) What he said at the meeting referred to he was interested in the project.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that(5) The writer is not satisfied with buses are too c

5、rowded.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. the fact that3. Sometimes our opinions differ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we ve observedA. whichB. sinceC. becauseD. because of【陷阱】容易误选Co因为按英语语法习惯，because是连词，其后接句子；而because of是复合介词， 其后接名词、代词或者动名词。【分析】此题答案选Do because作为从属连词，主要用于引导原因状语从句，既然是引导一个从句

6、，也就是说它的后面不能再连用“引导词”。如:He was angry because we were late.他很生气因为我们迟到了。They can, t have gone out because the light is on.他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.这家超市的面包是自制的，所 以便。假若，一个从句已经有了自己的“引导词”，那末它前面就再也不用because这个连词了。如：She got angry because of what you sai

7、d.她哭是因为你说的话。的 what 相当于 the thing that,也就是说 what you said 相当于 the thing that you sai d 其中 the thing用作because of的宾语，而that you said为修饰the thing的语从句。He lost his job because of how he treated his boss.他因为对老板的态度（不好）而丢了工作。的 how 相当于 the way in which,也就是说 how he treated his boss 相当于 the way in which he treat

8、ed his bosso 其中 the way 用作 because of 的宾语，而 in which he treated his boss 为修饰 the way 的语从句。4. “How long have you been an actor?w 1995, when I graduated from college. ”(1) AfterB. InC. FromD. Since【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。【分析】最佳答案为Do若仅从答句来看，四个答案都说得过去。但若结合问句的语境以答案选D,因为其 余三选项填入空格均不能回答问句所提出的问题。比较：“When did you be

9、came an actor?n 1995, when I graduated from college. ”A. AfterB. In此题选B,因为问句问的是when（何时），所以用in 1995来回答便顺理成章。请再看两题：(2) “How long have you worked on the farm?” the end of last year. ”A. InB. ByC. AtD. Since答案选D,用since the end of last year回答how long,即问句问“工作了多久”,答句说“自去年 年底至今”。(3) “How long will you work

10、on the farm?” the end of next year. ”A. InB. ByC. AtD. Since答案选B,问句问“将工作多久”，答句说“工作明年明底”。(4) “When did you leave the farm?” the end of last year. ”A. InB. ByC. AtD. Since答案选C,问句问“何时离开”，答句说“去年明底离开”。5. Don t be angry me for not having written. I was really too busy.A. aboutB. withC. toD. for【陷阱】容易误选Bo根

11、据汉语的“对某人生气”，将其中的“对”直译为too【分析】最佳答案为Bo按英语习惯，要表示对某人生气，通常用be angry with at sb,要表示对某 事生气，通常用 be angry at about sth(在英语中也用 be angry with sth,但不说 be angry with sb)。比较以下表达，其中的“对”也不用to来翻译:你对这些安排感到满意吗?误： Did you feel satisfied to the arrangements?正： Did you feel satisfied with the arrangements?老师该对他的学生严格要求。误：

12、 Teachers should be strict to their students.正： Teachers should be strict with their students.6. In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch writing often.A. withB. ofC. onD. by【陷阱】容易误选Ao根据keep in touch with (与保持联系)这一常用搭配推出。【分析】正确答案是Do by在这里表示方式，by writing意为“通过写信”，全句意为“我们通过时常 写信保持联系

13、”。请再看几例(均与介词搭配有关)：(1) We ve talked a lot films. How television now?A. of, withB. with, towardsC. about, aboutD. for, about此题不要受a lot of的影响而误选Ao若第一空选of, a lot of cars即为动词talk的宾语，但实际 上动词talk是不及物动词，不能后接宾语。最佳答案是C,的a lot是修饰动词talked的状语，talk about 才是一个动词短语。全句意为“我们对电影已谈了不少，现在谈谈电视怎么样?” What about意为 怎么样”，用于征求

14、意见。(2) We all regarded the poor old man sympathy.A. asB. with有的同学一看到的regard和选项中的as,即将就联想到regard as（把当做）这一搭配, 从而断此题选Ao但是错了，原因是将此搭配套入原句，句子意思不通。正确答案是B,句意为“我们都很 同情这位老人”。陷阱题训练1. So far, several ships have been reported missing the coast of Bermuda Island.A. offB. alongC. onD. around2. “How long have you

15、stayed in this hotel?, “Not long, just this Monday. ”A. onB. sinceC. untilD. after3. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped floors. People in it had no way to get out.A. inB. betweenC. amongD. on4. “What a terrible rain we are having!” “Yes. We are asked to pay more attention to t

16、he information about the rain flood. ”A. as well asB. so long asC. because ofD. in case of5. their inexperience, they ve done a good job.next week.A. GivenB. Supposed6. They promise that the work would all be finishedB. inA. untilC. byD. to7. reading the letter, what has he done?A. Because ofB. Exce

17、ptC. BesidesD. But for8. “How did the robber get in?” an open window on the first floor. ”A. PastB. FromC. OverD. Through9. She knew nothing about his journey he was likely to be away for three months.A. ExceptB. except forC. except thatD. in addition10. He usually goes to work by bike it rains.A ,

18、exceptB. except whenC. except forD. except that11. I found the island a wonderful place for our experiments the hot weather.A. besidesB. except forC. exceptD. except that12. the weather, we had a pleasant time.A. ExceptB. Except forC. ButD. Besides13. He always did well at schoolhaving to do part-ti

19、me jobs every now and then.C. in case ofD. in favor of14. As it was almost time for the flight, all the passengers got the plane.A. aroundB. abroadC. aboardD. ahead【答案与解析】1 .选Ao off用作介词时可表示距离，此时特别用于指距离某一大路或者挨近某海面。又如：Our house is about 20 meters off the main road.我们家离大路大约有 20 米远。The ship anchored a m

20、ile off the coast.轮船抛锚停泊在离海岸1英里的地方。2 .选 Bo 此答句为省略句,补充完整为:2 ve stayed in this hotel since this Monday.3 .选Bo between floors指在两层楼之间。类例地,以卜各例也选between：Don t eat anything meals if you want to lose weight.4 .选Do复合介词in case of有两个意思，一是表示条件，意为“如果”；二是表示目的，意为“以防”。 如：In case of fire, call 119.万一失火，就打 119 电话。Ta

21、ke an umbrella with you in case of rain.带把雨伞,以防下雨。5 .选 A, given 在此用作介词，意为“考虑到。又如：Given the low price, I decided to buy it.考 虑到价格很低，我决把它买下。6 .选C, by意为“最迟到之前，到的时候已经”。类例地，下面一题也选by：The train leaves at 6:00 p. m. So I have to be at the station 5:40 p. m. at the latest.7 .选Co besides意为“除之外,还”。又如:He has an

22、other car besides this.除了这辆车外，他还有一辆。Besides being a teacher, he was a poet.除了是位教师外，他还是位诗人。Did he do anything besides hitting you?除了打你之外，他还有没有别的什么举动？8 .选Do through意为“穿过，贯通，经过，透过。又如：The train ran through the tunnel. 火车穿过隧道。I saw you through the window.我是透过窗子看到你的。9 .选Co在四个选项中，惟独except that后可接句子。10 .选Bo

23、 except when和except that后均可接句子，但前者含“当的时候”的意思，而后者则没 有这个意思。11 .选B。except与except for的区别是：前者主要用来谈论同类的东西；后者主要用来谈论不同类的 东西，在说明情况后作细节上的修正，有时含有可惜之意。12 .选B, except和except for均可表示排除，但若是表示谈论不同类的对象，通常用except for。 此外，except通常不用于句首。13 .选Ao比较：in spite of二虽然，尽管仍；instead of二代替，取而代之；in case of二假设，万一； in favour of二赞同，有利于。14 .选Co aboard用作介词时意思“在（船、飞机、车）上”、“上（船、飞机、车）”。