2023年新课标全国ⅰ卷英语真题(含听力)(解析版).pdf

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1、2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国新课标全国卷卷)英语学科英语学科本试卷共本试卷共 12 页。考试结束后页。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项注意事项:1.答题前答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用选择题必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用非选择题必须使用 0.5 毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工字体工整、笔迹清楚。整、笔迹清

2、楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁保持卡面清洁,不要折叠不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分第一部分听力（听力（1-20 小题）在笔试结束后进行小题）在笔试结束后进行。（共（共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分分,满分

3、满分 7.5 分）分）听下面听下面 5 段对话段对话。每段对话后有一个小题每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后听完每段对话后,你都有你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A.19.15.B.9.18.C.9.15.答案是 C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What will Jack probably do this weekend?A.Go camping.B.Vi

4、sit a friend.C.Watch a film.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Jack,are you going camping with your friends this weekend?M:It depends.If its sunny,well go.W:The weatherman says its going to rain.M:In that case,well go to the cinema instead.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman ask the man to do?A.Take care of her bag

5、s.B.Pack the food for her.C.Check the train schedule.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Excuse me,could you mind my bags for a moment?I want to buy some food at the convenience store.M:No problem.But be quick.It was announced that my train would arrive in 10 minutes.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】When will the man see Bob?A.This

6、Friday.B.This Saturday.C.Next Monday.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mark came out of hospital last Friday.Have you got a chance to visit him?M:I plan to see him this Saturday.W:Arent you going to the conference then?M:No.It has been rescheduled for next Monday.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why does the man apologize?A.For th

7、e terrible food.B.For the overcharge.C.For the waiters rudeness.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Sorry,Miss.We made a terrible mistake adding up the bill.Here is the ten dollars we have to return toyou.W:Oh,I didnt notice that.Its OK.Dont blame the waiter.Hes been really nice.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers

8、 talking about?A.Writing a book.B.Holding a celebration.C.Buying a present.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Do you think we should get Steve a book for the new year?M:Books are good.But Steve wouldnt take just any book.He has had this particular one on geography.第二节（共第二节（共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分分,满分满分 22.5 分）分）听下面一段较长对

9、话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Why does Sara make the phone call?A.To ask for advice.B.To arrange an outing.C.To cancel an appointment.7.What does David want to do?A.Go to a dinner party.B.Talk to Sara in person.C.Work on the new case.【答案】6.C7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Sara.W:Hello,David.I cant come for dinner

10、 tonight.Sorry.M:Oh,what happened?W:Weve got a new case and things get pretty crazy here in the office.M:Well,then Ill come to you.W:No,no,not tonight.Let me see if I can arrange another night.M:Sara,please.We need to talk.Its about my job.W:Then tell me on the phone.M:No,its better if we do it in p

11、erson.How about tomorrow night?W:Im not sure.You can give me a call tomorrow afternoon.M:OK.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Where is Jim now?A.In a taxi.B.On a bus.C.In his office.9.What is the womans suggestion?A.Going to the city center.B.Taking a short cut home.C.Meeting Jim in the park.【答案】

12、8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Jim will call on us this afternoon.Do you know where he is now?M:Er.wait.Let me see.He has sent two messages saying that hes done with his work at the office and got a taxiand.and hell arrive in twenty minutes.W:We cant keep him waiting outside our home.We have to hurry.M:But it take

13、s at least half an hour to get to the city center by bus.Look at the traffic.W:Lets get off.We can save at least twenty minutes by walking through the park.M:Are you sure?W:Yes.A hundred percent.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.What did Clara do at the weekend?A.She planted vegetables.B.She wen

14、t to a yard sale.C.She visited her grandpa.11.What did Mark find inside one of the books he bought?A.Aplane ticket.B.Afamily photo.C.A post card.12.Where does Mark live?A.LosAngeles.B.Chicago.C.Philadelphia.13.What is the relationship between Mark andAshley?A.Brother and sister.B.Husband and wife.C.

15、Father and daughter.【答案】10.C11.A12.C13.A【解析】【原文】W:Morning,Mark.M:Morning,Clara.How was your weekend?W:Great.I went to my grandpas.He invited us to pick vegetables on his farm.My daughter had a great time there.What about you?M:Oh,I had a truly incredible experience.I dropped by a yard sale on Saturd

16、ay and got several books.W:Novels?M:Anovel and two poetry collections.As I leafed through the novel,a piece of paper fell out.It was an air ticketfrom 2012.The flight was from Los Angeles to Chicago and the name on the ticket wasAshley Louis.W:Was it?M:Yes.Ashley,my sister.In 2012,she lived in LosAn

17、geles and her husband worked in Chicago.Both of themoften flew between two cities.I asked the seller where he got the book.He said it was bought at a second-handbookstore in LosAngeles three years ago.Last year,he and his family moved from LosAngeles to Philadelphia.W:So,all the way across the count

18、ry,your sisters old book landed in your hands.Thats really crazy.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.What is probably the woman?A.Ateacher.B.Ajournalist.C.An athlete.15.What does Victor find difficult as a member of the basketball team?A.Adapting himself to the intense training.B.Dealing with the

19、pressure from the coach.C.Regaining the skills learned in high school.16.What does Victor say about the players on the team?A.They are of the same age.B.They are similar in character.C.They are from different countries.17.How does Victor feel about his team now?A.Its about to break up.B.Its the best

20、 in Indiana.C.Its getting stronger.【答案】14.B15.A16.C17.C【解析】【原文】W:Victor,youve been here in Indiana for six weeks now.How are you feeling?M:I think Ive got used to college life,going to classes,working out and hanging out with my friends.Thoughtheres pressure to meet deadlines,life here is never bori

21、ng.W:Whats been hard about being an Indianan basketball player?M:Well,the training is very competitive,weightlifting and running every day.Its not like high school.In highschool,I really didnt have to do that.Im just trying to get used to it.And I think I am.W:At this point,how do you see yourself f

22、itting into this group?M:I think were all different.George is from Britain.Chris and Leo are fromAustralia.Im from France.And therest are Americans.But I get along with everybody.You know,we are really starting to bond.Its great to see howwe grow each day as a team.W:Thanks,Victor.I wish you a very

23、happy and fruitful stay in Indiana.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Who is Tom Hokinson?A.Founder of a magazine.B.Publisher of a novel.C.Editor of a newspaper.19.What do we know about the content of The Idler?A.Its old-fashioned.B.Its wide-ranging.C.Its student-targeted.20.Why does the speaker gi

24、ve the talk?A.To do a promotion.B.To discuss an issue.C.To introduce a lecturer.【答案】18.A19.B20.A【解析】【原文】W:Good evening,dear listeners.When was the last time you enjoyed leisure activities?Do you wantto live a full and happy life?Today,Im going to introduce to you a magazine that features the art of

25、living.TheIdler was launched by Tom Hodgkinson,back in 1993.With the intention of providing a bit of fun,freedom andachievement in the busy world,it is now published bimonthly.In every issue,you will find an interesting mix ofinterviews and essays on the good life,history,philosophy,arts and fashion

26、 photography.You will find much tolaugh at and much useful stuff as well,from recipes for making bacon to guides to housekeeping.If you ever feltthat there is more to life than boring jobs,then why not subscribe to it?The Idler is a cheering read that makes youfeel better about life.You can download

27、 the application and subscribe today to get your first issue free.第二部分第二部分阅读阅读(共两节，满分共两节，满分 50 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 2.5 分，满分分，满分 37.5 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A A、B B、C C、D D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABike Rental&Guided ToursWelcome to Amsterdam,welcome to MacBike.You see much more from t

28、he seat of a bike!Cycling is themost economical,sustainable and fun way to explore the city,with its beautiful canals,parks,squares and countlesslights.You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside ofAmsterdam.Why MacBikeMacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rent

29、al company in Amsterdam.Withover 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations,we make sure there is always a bike availablefor you.We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车),bikes withhand brake and gears(排挡),bikes with child seats,

30、and childrens bikes.PricesHand Brake,Three GearsFoot Brake,No Gears1 hour7.505.003 hours11.007.501 day(24 hours)14.759.75Each additional day8.006.00Guided City ToursThe 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill,the Skinny Bridge,the Rijksmuseum,Heineken Brewery andmuch more.The tour departs from Dam

31、Square every hour on the hour,starting at 1:00 pm every day.You can buyyour ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.21.What is an advantage of MacBike?A.It gives children a discount.B.It offers many types of bikes.C.It organizes free cycle tours.D.It has over 2,500 rental shops.22.How much do you pa

32、y for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?A.15.75.B.19.50.C.22.75.D.29.50.23.Where does the guided city tour start?A.The Gooyer,Windmill.B.The Skinny Bridge.C.Heineken Brewery.D.Dam Square.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。【21 题详解】推理判断题。根据文

33、章第二段“We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety,including basic bikes with footbrake(刹车),bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡),bikes with child seats,and childrens bikes.(我们提供种类繁多的最新自行车，包括有脚刹的基本自行车、有手刹和带排挡的自行车、带儿童座椅的自行车和儿童自行车)”可推知，MacBike 的优势是它提供许多类型的自行车。故选 B。【22 题详解】细节理解题。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需

34、要 14.75 欧元，额外增加天数每天 8 欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要 14.75+8=22.75 欧元。故选 C。【23 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour,starting at 1:00 pmevery day.(旅游团每小时从大坝广场出发，每天下午 1 点开始)”可知，导游城市之旅从大坝广场开始。故选 D。BWhen John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house,o

35、bserving how nature solvedproblems.A dirty stream,for example,often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tinycreatures lived.When he got older,John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messespeople were making.After studying agriculture,medicine,

36、and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and askingquestions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)?Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causingchemicals?With the right combination of animals and plants,he figured,maybe he could clean up waste the waynature did.He decided

37、to build what he would later call an eco-machine.The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥).First,heconstructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds andstreams and brought back some plants and animals.H

38、e placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little,thesedifferent kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks,John added thesludge.He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began toeat it!Within w

39、eeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was pure water.Over the years,John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse like facility that treatedsewage(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water inFuzhou,a city in southeast China

40、.“Ecological design”is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts forthe inventor,”he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe whats happening.Then you let thesenew systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”24.What can we learn about John

41、from the first two paragraphs?A.He was fond of traveling.B.He enjoyed being alone.C.He had an inquiring mind.D.He longed to be a doctor.25.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A.To feed the animals.B.To build an ecosystem.C.To protect the plants.D.To test the eco-machine.26.What is the authors

42、 purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?A.To review Johns research plans.B.To show an application of Johns idea.C.To compare Johns different jobs.D.To erase doubts about Johns invention.27.What is the basis for Johns work?A.Nature can repair itself.B.Organisms need water to survive.C.Life on Earth is diverse.

43、D.Most tiny creatures live in groups.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了 John Todd 从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。【24 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child,he loved to explore the woods around his house,observing how nature solved problems.Adirty stream,for example,often became

44、clear after flowing throughplants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived.When he got older,John started to wonder if this process couldbe used to clean up the messes people were making.(当约翰托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二

45、段“After studyingagriculture,medicine,and fisheries in college,John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why cancertain plants trap harmful bacteria(细菌)?Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇

46、心很强。故选 C。【25 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks,John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as foodand began to eat it!Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的

47、动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选 D。【26 题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years,John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse like facility that treated sewage(污水)from 1,600 homes in South Burlington.He also designed an eco-machine toclean canal water in Fuzhou,a

48、city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿 1600 户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选 B。【27 题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe whats happening.Then you letthese new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.(你把生物体放

49、在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选 A。CThe goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what itasks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide its right for you.To do so,I divided the bo

50、ok into two parts.In part one,I describe the philosophical foundations of digitalminimalism,starting with an examination of the forces that are making so many peoples digital lives increasinglyintolerable,before moving on to a detailed discussion of the digital minimalism philosophy.Part one conclud