北京丰台区2023年高三上学期期末英语试题及答案.docx

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1、 丰台区 20222023 学年度第一学期期末练习高 三 英 语2023.011.答题前,考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名,在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好考生 2.本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用 2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各须知小题对应选项涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写,34.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练.本练习卷满分共 100分,作答时长 90分钟。笔试（共三部分 100 分）第一部分 知识运用（共两

2、节，30 分）第一节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。I was lucky enough to test into the best high school in the city. But then came my1: AmI good enough? It was a question that me through my first month, even as I began to settle2in, even as I got used to the ear

3、ly morning wake-ups and moving between buildings for class.I knew I had to work to ground myself. My earliest strategy involved keeping quiet and tryingtoknew was that they were the smartest kids in the city, obviously.landed here because I was smart like them? The truth is that I didnt know. Thisde

4、adly cell that threatened to divide and divide again, unless I could find some way to stop it.Fortunately, my first round of grades turned out to be , and so did my second. Over thecourse of my first two years, I began to build the same kind of Id had at my previousschool. With each little achieveme

5、nt, my doubt took leave.3my new classmates. Who were these kids anyway? How did they learn in school? All Iwasnt I as well? Hadnt Iwas like a45678I loved any subject that involved writing and labored through math. I had classmates who werealways a step or two ahead of me, whose achievements seemed e

6、ffortless, but I tried not to let thatget to me. I was beginning to understand that if I put in extra hours of studying, I could often9the gap. I wasnt a straight-A student, but I was always10and I made progress.1234A. excitementA. freedB. satisfactionB. doggedB. admireB. SoC. angerC. warmedC. suppo

7、rtC. ButD. worryD. guidedD. calmD. ForA. observeA. Or高三英语 第 1页（共 9页） 567891A. guessB. doubtC. interestD. riskA. excellentA. responsibilityA. suddenlyA. closeB. averageB. friendshipB. frequentlyB. noticeC. differentC. confidenceC. accidentallyC. locateD. uniqueD. teamworkD. slowlyD. create0A. expecti

8、ngB. tryingC. wonderingD. suffering第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AGary is a childrens book author. He first becamewas a child. He enjoyed writing stories about his characters and sharingothers. However, he was quite disappoin

9、ted when the adults praised his cartoon works just out ofpoliteness. 13 (improve) this awkward situation, Gary started writing funny stories. He11(interest) in cartoon art when he12 (they) with14(know) even polite adults could not pretend a laugh.BSaving nature is at the very heart of what we do as

10、WWF. We protect wildlifereasons. It is a source of inspiration. It boosts a sense of wonder. It is fundamental to the balance ofnature. In our work, WWF focuses on saving populations of the most 16 (importance)species in the wild. Finally, by protecting species, we save this beautiful and irreplacea

11、ble planetis called home.15many17CSchloss and her partner set out to find outothers. Their studies suggest that color preferenceobjects of that color. For example, people often like blue18people like certain colors more than(cause) by how someone feels about1920it reminds them of clear skiesand clea

12、n water. On the other hand, people tend to shy away from brown because they are remindedof the food that has gone bad.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38 分）第一节（共 14 小题；每小题 2 分，共 28 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。高三英语 第 2页（共 9页） AExplore your worldMirthyOnline events to help you discover, learn and co

13、nnectWho is Mirthy?Mirthy is one of the most popular websites for online events and already loved and trusted bymore than 45,000 people. It was designed to create an inclusive community where people can learn,share, and connect with others through a variety of events that are active, sociable, and u

14、plifting. Itsall about fulfilment and wellbeing.There are some online events each month to try, from craft workshops(手工工坊) to fitnesssessions. For example, according to our event calendar, this week you can attend gardening classesand singing lessons. So whether you have a desire to get fitter or to

15、 pick up a new skillsigning upfor classes and events with Mirthy could be just what you have been looking for.How does it work?Sign up via the online registration form at M. Then you can take a look through thecalendar of upcoming events and see what takes your fancy.Once you register for an event,

16、you will then receive a link on email ready for you to join thelive event. If your plans change and you cant make it, you will receive a link for a 7-day replay thatyou can watch at a time that is convenient for you!Best of all, its completely FREE to joinJoin Mirthy for free today, and you can enjo

17、y any 4 events every month, for free! If youre upfor more, then you can either select and book additional events on a pay-as-you-go basis, normallyfor 2.99 each, or you can upgrade to the Premium membership giving you full free access to allevents for only 4.99 per month.If you choose to go for the

18、Premium membership, theres no contract. You simply upgrade yourmembership and you can cancel anytime.21. What can people do at Mirthy this week?A. Make art crafts.B. Talk about fitness experience.D. Study wild plants and animals.C. Learn songs.22. Which of the following is true about Mirthy?A. Peopl

19、e can sign up for the events online.B. The events can be watched again at any time.C. People can upgrade their membership for free.D. No more than 4 events are offered each month.3. Whats the main purpose of this passage?2A. To share a lifestyle.B. To recommend a website.D. To explain a registration

20、 process.C. To introduce online events.高三英语 第 3页（共 9页） BIt was a week after my mom had passed away, and I didnt know how to go on with life. Sowhen I received an email from a friend about a race benefiting cancer research, I ignored it. Itseemed too close to the heart, as cancer was the disease that

21、 had taken my mother away from me.But something about my friends words“I can help organize the whole thing”stuck with me.I felt obliged(有义务的) to agree. In the weeks to come, I managed to re-enter the world of the living.I checked our teams website daily, feeling proud each time a donation ticked up

22、our total. I knewmy mom would have wanted it that way. She was the type who never got defeated. It was this veryspirit that helped me get by.When the race ended, I noticed the runners all had one thing in common: There were big smileson their faces. They made it look so rewarding and effortless. I w

23、anted in.So I enrolled in another race two months later. Considering I could barely run a mile, it wasambitious. But my friend and I made a training plan so I wouldnt come in last. I followed itreligiously and didnt let anything get in my way.Running up and down the citys hills, I was flooded with m

24、emories. I had lived there aftercollege and my mother had visited often. I passed Bloomingdales, recalling the time she and I hadgotten into a screaming argument there.I was about to beat myself up when I remembered what Mom had said after her diagnosis ofcancer. “I dont want you to feel guilty abou

25、t anything.” Her paper-thin hands had held me tightly. Aweight lifted from my shoulders.When the race day arrived, I gave it my all for my mom and for all she had taught me andcontinued to teach me. As I ran, whenever I felt like slowing down, I pictured her cheering me on.Crossing the finish line,

26、I was filled with her love and a sense of peace.24. Why did the author ignore the email in the beginning?A. She felt it hard to finish the race.B. She had no time to join in the event.C. She thought the research meaningless.D. She was reminded of her mothers death.5. What mainly helped the author re

27、cover from her moms death?222A. The company of her friends.C. The pleasure in going for a run.B. The inspiration from her mom.D. The success in organizing an event.6. Which of the words can best describe the authors mom?A. Considerate and polite.B. Brave and humorous.C. Strong-willed and caring.D. O

28、utgoing and patient.7. What might be the best title for the passage?A. How I Got Healed in RunningC. What Matters Most in RunningB. The Loss of Sweet MemoriesD. The Rewards of Great Friendship高三英语 第 4页（共 9页） COver millions of years, humans have responded to certain situations without thinking too ha

29、rd.If our ancestors spotted movement in the nearby forest, they would run first and question later. At thesame time, the ability to analyze and to plan is part of what separates us from other animals. Thequestion of when to trust your instinct(直觉) and when to think slow matters in the office as much

30、 asin the savannah(草原).Slow thinking is the feature of a well-managed workplace. Yet instinct also has its place. Somedecisions are more connected to emotional responses and less to analysis. In demandingcustomer-service or public-facing situations, instinct is often a better guide to how to behave.

31、Instinct can also be improved. Plenty of research has shown that instinct becomes moreunerring with experience. In one well-known experiment, volunteers were asked to assess whether aselection of designer handbags were real or not. Some were instructed to operate on instinct andothers to deliberate(

32、深思熟虑) over their decision. Instinct worked better for those who owned at leastthree designer handbags; indeed, it outperformed analysis. The more expert you become, the betteryour instinct tends to be.However, the real reason to embrace fast thinking is that it is, well, fast. It is often the only w

33、ayto get through the day. To take one example, when your inbox floods with new emails at the start ofa new day, there is absolutely no way to read them all carefully. Instinct is what helps you decidewhich ones to answer and which to delete or leave unopened. Fast thinking can also help the entireor

34、ganization. The value of many managerial decisions lies in the simple fact that they have beenmade at all. Yet as data explodes, the temptation(诱惑) to ask for one more bit of analysis has becomemuch harder to resist. Managers often suffer from overthinking, turning a simple problem into acomplex one

35、.When to use instinct in the workplace rests on its own form of pattern recognition. Does thedecisionmaker have real expertise in this area? Is this a field in which emotion matters more thanreasoning? Above all, is it worth delaying the decision? Slow thinking is needed to get the big callsright. B

36、ut fast thinking is the way to stop deliberation turning to a waste of time.28. What does the underlined word “unerring” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Accurate. B. Creative. C. Controllable. D. Obvious.9. What can we learn from the passage?2A. Managers can afford the cost of slow thinking.B. Fast

37、thinking can be a boost to work efficiency.C. Slow thinking will hold us back in the long run.D. Too much data is to blame for wrong decisions.0. What is the authors purpose of writing the passage?A. To explain how instinct works.3B. To compare instinct and slow thinking.高三英语 第 5页（共 9页） C. To highli

38、ght the value of instinct in the workplace.D. To illustrate the development of different thinking patterns.DIt all started when I typed a perfectly reasonable prompt(提示词) into one of several apps on themarket that can create an image based on text. “Skull space laser dinosaur starship explosion,” Iw

39、rote. The app processed for a few seconds, and returned four images, one of which was strangelyaccurate: a dinosaur-looking skull screamed out of an empty space, trailing fire. It looked like anillustration from the art magazine, and perhaps art from the magazine influenced its creation.Text-to-imag

40、e AIs identify images by looking at the text that people have used to describe thosepictures online. When the app got my prompt, it studied images that random people had described as“dinosaur” or “laser” and so on, then used what is called a diffusion model(扩散模型) to add a bunchof random chaos to tho

41、se pictures. Once they were suitably completed, it “upscaled” them, removingnoise and sharpening focus. Its work is so good that an artist using it recently won first place fordigital images at the Colorado State Fair.But there are major ethical(道德的) issues raised by the success of such AIs. The big

42、gest has todo with those training data sets. Reporters recently discovered that the data set used byText-to-image AIs contained images of violence. Some companies are working on ways to preventthe public from seeing images based on offensive and illegal pictures in the data set. Arepresentative of t

43、he companies also noted that the images in its data set are “already available in thepublic internet on publicly available websites”.But even if this problem is fixed, there is still the question of all the other pictures online thatare being transformed into AI-generated masterpieces. As many artis

44、ts have pointed out, their worksare being used without payment. The image-generating algorithm(算法) creates illustrations and evenmovies by using data sets stocked with art stolen from artists who post their works online.Some AI researchers argue that their algorithms arent stealing from artists so m

45、uch as learningfrom them, just as human artists learn from each other. But a more ethical approach would be forcompanies to acknowledge their debt to artists and create a model of voluntary collective licensing,much like what radio stations first did in radios early days. Back then, musicians create

46、d groups likeBMI to collectively license their music to radio stationsthen BMI would pay artists based on howoften their songs were played. Perhaps artists and art institutions today could form a “collectingsociety” that would allow companies to license their artwork for data sets.To create ethical

47、AI systems, we need to acknowledge the people whose work makes thosesystems so magical. We cant simply snarf up every image onlinewe need humans to managethose data sets and we need to pay them to do it.31. What can we learn about Text-to-image AIs from the first two paragraphs?A. They are developed to process pictures.高三英语 第 6页（共 9页） B. They are used to describe online pictures.C. They use a diffusion model to combine pictures.D. They create their works based on online pict