2021-2022学年广东省东莞市东华高级中学高二上学期段考英语试题（解析版）.pdf

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1、2021-2022学年广东省东莞市东华高级中学高二上学期段考英语试题（本试卷共三局部，总分值130分，考试时间120分钟）第一局部阅读理解（共两节，总分值50分）第一节阅读理解（共 15小题；每题分，总分值分）阅读下面四篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWHATS ONDigital art classTap into the unlimited inspiration of the natural materials,colors and forms to be found inMuseum Victorias diverse co

2、llection.Whether you are a beginner,expert or somewhere in between,this creative studio classintroduces digital art technologies and skills in a relaxed environment.Participants createextraordinary artworks working individually on iPads.Exploratory approaches allow participants toenjoy visual creati

3、vity,whatever their previous experience and level of skill in sketching,paintingand digital design.Digital Art Class takes place in Melbourne Museums Learning Lab Studio.Each monthsclass is themed to explore a different aspect of Museums Victorias collections.Classes have a maximum capacity of 16 pa

4、rticipants and is suitable for teens 16+and adults.Simply bring your creativity-all equipment is provided.Museum entry is not included in your Digital Art Class ticket.If you would like to explore theMelbourne Museum before the class,please ensure you book a ticket.WORKSHOPTUESDAY 27 APRIL,11&25 MAY

5、,8&22 JUNEAdults and teens 16+Adult$35Privilege$32Member$301.Where is the digital art class?A.In Museum Victoria.B.In The British Museum.C.In Victoria and Albert Museum.D.In Melbourne Museum.2 What can we learn from the text?A.The class is intended for people of all ages.B.You neednt bring your iPad

6、 to attend the class.C.Painting experience is needed for people to attend the class.D.You can visit the museum with your class ticket.3.Where is the passage most probably taken from?A.A novel.B.A newspaper.C.A webpage.D.A report.【答案】l.D 2.B 3.C【解析】【分析】本文是应用文，介绍了墨尔本博物馆的数码艺术课程的内容，时间及票价。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第

7、三段的“Digital Art Class takes place in Melbourne MuseumsLearning Lab Studio.可知在墨尔本博物馆的学习实验室工作室上数码艺术课。应 选 D 项。2.细节理解题。根据第四段的“Simply bring your creativity-all equipment is provided.“可知此课程提供所有设备，不必带Ipad上课。应 选 B 项。3.推理判断题。根据文章大标题WHATS O N 可知,这种形式最有可能出现在网页上，因此推断文章最有可能来自网页。应选C 项。BDr.Nancy Roman,born in 1925

8、,who was celebrated as a pioneer for female scientists and hadadvanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope,died on Dec 25,2021.When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take a second algebra（代数）course in highschool,a teacher demanded to know“what lady would take mathematics instead of Latin”.Inc

9、ollege,a professor admitted that he often tried to prevent women from majoring in physics butNancy stuck to it.And after receiving Doctor5 s degree in astronomy.,she found a professional homeat NAS A（美国宇航局）In 1959,Dr.Roman became the first chief of astronomy atNASA.headquarters,a role that made her

10、one of the agencys first female leaders.Dr Roman spent much of her career helping develop,fund and promote technology that wouldhelp scientists see more clearly beyond Earths atmosphere.But her most well-known work wasperhaps leading to design the Hubble Space Telescope the first major telescope to

11、be sent into spacefor the purpose of gathering photographs and data from the universe.She was,therefore,named asthe mother of Hubble.“She made it possible to get the early telescope up into space to learn what needed to belearned,“said science historian Bob Zimmerman:and her hard-nosed nature helped

12、 get thetelescope built.The telescope did not launch until 1990,a little more than a decade after Dr Roman retired,butwhen it did,its photographs of the universe thrilled the world.I am glad,she once told Science,!ignored the people who told me that I could not be an astronomer.4.What can we conclud

13、e from the teachers reaction to Nancy Romans application for taking asecond algebra course?A.The teacher doubted it.B.The teacher didnt care about it.C.The teacher accepted it at once.D.The teacher was strongly against it.5.What was the most famous achievement of Nancy Romans work?A.She was one of t

14、he founders of NASA.B.She proved the black hole really existed.C.She was the first female astronomer in the world.D.She led to design the Hubble Space Telescope.6.When did Dr.Nancy Roman probably retire?A.In 1969.B.In 1979.C.In 1990.D.In2000.7.What can we learn from Dr.Nancy Romans words in the last

15、 paragraph?A.She was very proud of what she had done fbr the country.B.She thought highly of the people who hadnt believed her.C.She was delighted to have become an astronomer in spite of the prejudice on her.D.She had hard-nosed nature and never cared about other peoples opinions.【答案】4.A 5.D 6.B 7.

16、C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了南希罗曼摒弃他人偏见，成为一个天文学家的故事。【4 题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“When Nancy Roman asked for permission to take a second algebra（代数）course in high school.a teacher demanded to know“what lady would take mathematics insteadof L a t i n 当南希罗 曼请求允许在高中修第二代数课程时，一位老师要求知道“哪个女士会修数学而不是拉丁语“。可知老师对此表示疑心。应选A 项。5 题详解

17、】细节理解题。根据第一段首句 Dr.Nancy Roman,born in 1925,who was celebrated as a pioneerfor female scientists and had advanced the launch of the Hubble Space Telescope,died on Dec 25,2021.讲到她被誉为女科学家的先驱，并推动了哈勃太空望远镜的发射。可知南希 罗曼的作品最著名的成就领导设计了哈勃太空望远镜。应选D 项。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根 据 The telescope did not launch until 1990,a lit

18、tle more than a decade after DrRoman retired,这架望远镜直到1990年才发射，也就是罗曼博士退休后的十多年，可知她是在七十年代退休的。应选B 项。【7 题详解】推理判断题。根 据 I am glad,she once told Science,!ignored the people who told me that Icould not be an astronomer.v我很快乐，她曾经对?科学?杂志说：我忽略了那些告诉我我不能成为天文学家的人。可知她很快乐成为一名天文学家，但对那些对她有偏见的人却不尽然。应选C 项。CEach of Apples

19、 products such as the iPhone and the iPad sounds cool and has become afashion.Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter i，and many other brandsare following suit.The BBC iPlayer,which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet,used the title in 2021.A lovely bear-popul

20、ar in the US and the UK-that plays music and videois called iTeddy.A simplified version of Thelndependent was launched in 2021 under the name i.In general,single-letter prefixes（前缀）have been popular since the 1990s,when terms such ase-mail and e-commerce first came into use.Most i products are aimed

21、 at young people and considering the major readers of TheIndependents sister paper I,its no surprise that theyve selected this fashionable name.But its hard to see whafs so special about the letter.Why not use a，b ,or cinstead?According to Tony Thorne,former Director of the Language Centre at Kings

22、CollegeLondon,i works because its meaning has become unclear.When Apple uses I,no one knowswhether it means the Internet,information,individual or interactive/Thome told BBC Magazines.“Even when Apple created the iPad,it seems it didnt have one clear definition,“he said.“However,thanks to Apple,the

23、term is now connected with portability（轻便）/addedThorne.Clearly the letter i also agrees with the idea that the Western world is centered on theindividual.Each person believes they have their own needs,and they love personalized products forthis reason.Along with Google and ttblog，/,readers of BBC Ma

24、gazines voted i as one of the top 20words that have come to define the last decade.But as history shows,people grow tired of fashion.From the 1900s to the 1990s,products with“2000 in their names became fashionable as the year was connected with all things advanced andmodern.However,as we entered the

25、 new century,the trend unavoidably disappeared.8.Why do people use i Pl ay er?A.To listen to music.B.To make a call.C.To watch TV programs online.D.To read newspapers.9.What is The Independent sister paper/aimed at?A.Engineers.B.Young readers.C.Fashionable women.D.Old readers.10.Nowadays,the term i

26、often makes people think of the products which are.A.easy to carryB.environmentally friendlyC.advancedD.personalized11.What is implied in the last paragraph?A.i products are often of high quality.B.Actually nobody likes products with“2000 .C.Fashion is closely connected with time.D.The popularity of

27、 i products may not last long.【答案】8.C 9.B 10.A 11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了关于现在社会上广泛存在的以“i”开头的时尚产品的情况，并分析了其背后的原因和开展的趋势。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的The BBC iPlayer,which allows Web users to watch TV programson the Internet，可知，人们使用iPlayer在网上看电视节目，故 C 项正确。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容 Mosti products are aimed at young peo

28、ple and considering themajor readers of The Independent sister paper I,可知，大多数”i产品都是针对年轻人的。故B 项正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“thanks to Apple,the term is now connected with portability（轻便）可知，这些产品都是可移动的产品，方便携带。应选A 项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后两段中作者用名字中带有“2000的产品的例子说明，这样的时尚经常很快就过时了。由此可推知“i产品也会过时的。应选D 项。DWhat is art?T

29、hats an easy question to answer.Art is a painting,a drawing or a sculpture.Nowthere are new items to add to the list.Art is a dead shark in a glass case.Art is an unmade bed.Art isa video of a group of people standing completely still for sixty minutes.A new group of young artists began to produce w

30、ork that challenged the accepted idea of whatart is and the role the artist should play in society.This group came to be known as the YBAs-theYoung British Artists.The art of the YBAs does not just stick to painting and sculpture.It uses allkinds of different materials to express the feeling of the

31、artist.Damien Hirst is the most famous of the YBAs.The shark in the box is his work and is meant toexpress his own fear of dying.The shark stands for death.Right now,it is harmless.But eventuallyit will come for you.There is nothing to be done about it.Traditionally,artists have a message.They use t

32、heir skills to lead us to enlightenment（启迪）.The message of the YBAs is that they cannot do this.They are just as mixed up and confused aseverybody else.Ajournalist once asked Damien Hirst what his next idea was for an artwork.i don*tknow what Im going to do next.I never know what Im going to do next

33、,“he replied.Another YBA,Tracy Emin recently produced a work called Bed .This is just her own bedwith the sheets disarranged and dirty.And the message?”Look at meIm a mess.”Some artists work with the public in producing their work.Gillian Wearing filmed a group ofpeople dressed as policemen trying t

34、o keep still for 60 minutes while standing on top of a table.Atthe end of that time,the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor.You can try to be a goodcitizen and a respectable member of the community.But dont try too hard or the pressure will be toomuch.Art mirrors the state of society.I

35、n the work of the YBAs we can see a society on the threshold（开端）of the futurea bit worried,a bit excited and wondering what is going to happen next.TheYBAs cant guide us,but they can make the journey more interesting.12.What does the underlined word it in Paragraph 3 refer to?A.The shark.B.Death.C.D

36、amien*s artwork.D.Damiens fear of dying.13.What can be inferred from Tracy*s work Bed?A.She needs to be taken care of.B.She sees the world as a dirty one.C.She compares herself to the bed.D.She hopes for better living conditions.14.Which of the following refers to a person who tries too hard in Gill

37、ians work?A.The table.B.The floor.C.60 minutes.D.The people dressed as policemen.15.What is the main purpose of the text?A.To explain what the work of the YBAs is like.B.To show how the YBAs form ideas for their work.C.To describe the YBAs as artists full of imagination.D.To show the YBAs have made

38、a great difference in art.【答案】12.B 13.C 14.A 15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一群英国青年艺术家以及他们的作品形式和意义。【12题详解】词句猜想题。根据上文“The shark in the box is his work and is meant to express his own fear ofdying.The shark stands for death.（?盒子里的鲨鱼？是他的作品，是为了表达他对死亡的恐惧。鲨鱼代表死亡）”和下文 u But eventually it will come for you.There

39、 is nothing to be done abouti t.（但最终它会为你而来。对此我们束手无策）可推知，it指代上文中提到的“death。应 选 B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“This is just her own bed with the sheets disarranged and dirty.And the message?4tLook at me一Im a mess.（这只是她自己的床，床单又乱又脏。那信息呢？“看看我，我一团糟。）可推知，Tracy是将自己比作她的床。应选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段 aGillian Wearing fi

40、lmed a group of people dressed aspolicemen trying to keep still for 60 minutes while standing on top of a table.At the end of that time,the table falls apart and everyone falls to the floor.You can try to be a good citizen and a respectablemember of the community.But dont try too hard or the pressur

41、e will be too m uch.（吉莉安 韦林拍摄了一群人装扮成警察站在桌子上保持静止60分钟的视频。在这段时间结束时，桌子散了，所有人都倒在了地板上。你可以努力成为一个好公民，一个受人尊敬的社区成员。但是不要太努力，否那么压力会太大）可知，在 Gillian的作品中，站在桌子上的人（agroupofpeople dressed as policemen）和所站的时间（60 minutes）表示压力（pressure）,桌子那么为压力的承受者。由于承受的压力太大，时间过长，桌子最终倒塌。应选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A new group of young arti

42、sts began to produce work thatchallenged the accepted idea of what art is and the role the artist should play in society.This groupcame to be known as the YBAs-the Young British Artists.（一群新的年轻艺术家开始创作作品，挑战了人们对艺术是什么以及艺术家在社会中应该扮演的角色的公认观念。这个团体后来被称为YBAS英国青年艺术家）以及下文中的例子可知，本文通过三个实例，主要介绍YBAs的作品是什么样的。应选A。第

43、二 节（共 5 小题；每题2.5分，总分值分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。China has been the birthplace of many of the worlds greatest inventions.It was,for example,the first country to produce paper money.Before the invention of paper money and coins,peopleused many different kinds of things for buying and

44、 selling.16 This exchange of goods andservices for other goods and services is called bartering.17 In 1200 BC,people in China began to use shells（贝壳）as money.Usually the shellsused as money were very small.This made it easier for people to carry money over long distances,and allowed for trade to dev

45、elop between different parts of the country.In the years which followed this invention,many other countries around the world began to dothe same.18The next development was in 1000 BC,when China started making bronze and copper shells.It wasnt long before the Chinese made round coins out of metal.19

46、By 500 BC,metal coinshad begun to appear in countries like Persia and Greece,and later in the Roman Empire.About 1,000 years later,leather was used as money in China,and in 806 AD,the first paperbanknotes were produced by the Chinese people.20A.People also began collecting foreign coins as souvenirs

47、.B.During that time,for example,buying a chicken might cost several potatoes.C.It was still many years before paper currency appeared in Europe.D.However,as economies developed,such exchanges became impractical.E.They also used tiny shells as money for buying and selling.F.As time went by,trade betw

48、een countries increased.G.The first coins often had holes in them so that people could string them together.【答案】16.B 17.D 18.E 19.G 20.C【解析】【分析】本文属于历史知识。主要讲述了中国是世界上许多伟大创造的发源地。文中介绍了货币的开展过程，由实物交换到贝壳货币再到金属圆硬币，最后创造了纸币，成为世界上第一个运用纸币的国家。【16题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。句意：在纸币和硬币创造之前，人们用许多不同的东西来买卖。例如，在那期间，买一只鸡可能要用一些

49、土豆来（交换）。分析句意可知，在纸币创造前人们用实物来买卖，分析句子可知F 项 During that time,for example,buying a chickenmight cost several potatoes.就是那个时代的一个例子。应 选 B。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的内容可知，在公元前1200年中国人开始使用贝壳作为货币，这就很容易携带钱到远方。所以上一段提到的用实物的方式不方便，不实用。分析选项可知 B 项 However,as economies developed,such exchanges became impractical.承上

50、启下，应选D 项。【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据上句内容，在这项创造之后的几年里，世界上许多其他国家也开始这样做，即就是也使用贝壳来作为货币。分析选项可知D 项（They also usedtiny shells as money for buying and selling.）符合题意，应选 E。【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本空的上下文内容可知，这时货币出现了新的开展，即出现金属货币。分析选项可知，G T h e first coins often had holes in them so that peoplecould string them