高三上学期英语阅读理解专项练习小卷17.docx

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1、英语阅读理解专练小卷（17）Wanda CinemaHOME COMINGSept. 30 Oct. 20Time: 7: 15 p. m. (7: 00 p. m. on Sept. 30th)Tickets: Monday Thursday: ￥35Friday:￥39.9; Saturdays / Sundays:￥45.9297HOME COMING starts at _ on Oct.17.A7:15 a. m.B7:00 a. m.C7:15 p. m.298If Mr. and Mrs. White want to go to the Wanda Cinema with the

2、ir son on Monday, they need to pay _.A￥35B￥105C￥79.8Whom should you marry? Where should you live? How should you spend your time? For centuries, people have relied on their gut instincts (直觉) to figure out the answers to these life-changing questions. Now, though, there is a better way. We are livin

3、g through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data to help determine the best course to chart.There has long been overwhelming- and often surprising- evidence that algorithms (算法) can be much b

4、etter than people at making difficult decisions. Researchers have collected data on various kinds of choices people make, the information they base those choices on, and how things turn out. They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges at decid

5、ing whether a defendant should stay in jail (监狱) or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted.The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too

6、. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball, baseball teams found that algorithms were better than scouts (物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and better than managers at picking strategies. In finance, the hedge fund (避险基金) Renaissance Technologies dramatically defeated competitors by seeking out p

7、atterns in stock market data and using them to inform its investment strategy. Tech firms in Silicon Valley have found that data from experiments provides better insights into how to design their websites than designers could.These are the early days of the data revolution in decision-making. I am n

8、ot claiming that we can completely outsource (外包) our lifestyle choices to algorithms, though we might get to that point in the future. I am claiming instead that we can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas

9、similar to ours. And we can do that now.299What makes people better at finding answers to life-changing questions?APeoples better gut instincts.BChanged human behavior.CThe modern information era.DVarious courses accessible.300According to paragraph 2, algorithms might NOT defeat people in _.Acourt

10、rulingsBjob promotionsCoperative estimationDteaching practices301What can we learn from paragraph 3?AThe plot of the movie Moneyball is related to successful data analysis.BScouts and managers are not needed in successful baseball teams.CThe hedge fund Renaissance Technologies had some financial pro

11、blems.DTech firms in Silicon Valley mainly relied on data to design websites.302Which of the following will the author most probably agree with?AThe modern information era is mature enough to take advantage of.BPeople should outsource all the lifestyle choices to algorithms.CWith big data people can

12、 learn from countless similar examples.DFace-to-face consultation will be the major trend in the future.Gardeners who use pesticides are contributing to the decline of British songbirds, a study suggests. Scientists have urged people to stop “spraying their gardens with poisons” in order to halt bir

13、d decline and adopt instead wildlife-friendly practices. The results of the University of Sussex study, which researchers call the first of its kind, were published in the journal Science of the Total Environment.The experiment, which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain, found 25% fewer house sparrows w

14、hen glyphosate (草甘膦) was used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide (除草剂) brands such as Roundup or Gallup. Slug pellets (鼻涕虫杀虫剂) also seemed to have an impact on bird sightings; in gardens where Slug pellets were used, house sparrow numbers were down by almost 40%.Prof.

15、Dave Goulson, of the school of life sciences at the University of Sussex, said, “The UK has 22 million gardens, which collectively could be a fantastic refuge for wildlife, but not if they are overly tidy and sprayed with poisons. We just dont need pesticides in our gardens. Many towns around the wo

16、rld are now pesticide free. We should simply ban the use of these poisons in urban areas, following the example of France.” The Royal Horticultural Society, the UKs leading gardening charity, said the use of pesticides and herbicides should be avoided if possible and they should only be used, if eve

17、r, in small and targeted applications.The research also found that those who adopted wildlife-friendly practices such as planting native shrubs and flowers, or digging a wildlife pond, saw more birds than those who did not. Cannelle Tassin de Montaigu, a PhD researcher within the school of life scie

18、nces and an author of the study, said, “Its encouraging to find that simple measures, such as planting native shrubs and trees and creating a pond, together with avoiding the use of pesticides, really make a measurable difference to the number of birds you will see in your garden.”303What does the u

19、nderlined word “halt” in paragraph 1 most probably mean?AStop.BAttract.CNote.DWitness.304Why are the statistics mentioned in paragraph 2?ATo reveal the severe influence of pesticides on birds.BTo compare the effects of two kinds of pesticides.CTo convince readers of the importance of house sparrows.

20、DTo help gardeners choose the proper pesticides.305What can be inferred from Prof. Dave Goulsons words?AThe ideal places for wildlife in the UK are extremely tidy gardens.BThe gardens in the UK are so tidy that pesticides are not needed.CPesticides should be prohibited from use throughout the UK.DSo

21、me countries like France have made urban areas pesticide free.306What is the last paragraph mainly about?AAlternative methods to keep gardens tidy.BAssistant ways to increase the number of birds.CGardeners attitudes towards the experiment.DOther researchers interest in the experiment.I cant miss the

22、 little old lady with her kerchief (方头巾) on her head, a black umbrella blowing all over. I can tell she is freezing. She is standing at a bus stop, and Im driving by, late for my early morning shift. I decide to stop and offer her a ride.Of course, she declines, but when I ask again and insist, fina

23、lly, she gets in the car. I take her to her destination, and by the time she gets out of my car, she is smiling and thanks me.I was late for work that day, but I was so glad that I stopped. That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new habit, one that continues when Im out driving in bad weather

24、.If theres someone at a bus stop, especially if its an elderly person waiting at off hours and in bad weather, I will pull over and ask if they need a ride.Once, a young doctor jumped in. She had finished a long shift and had been waiting and waiting at the bus stop. She had no hesitation and, for t

25、he first time, I was able to help someone who performs miracles (奇迹) on a daily basis. That felt good.But the best part of my ride offers is the conversation. I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind. Surpr

26、isingly, everyone wants to chat. We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over. “What a shame!” I often think when they hop out, as the stories were just getting started.Now as retirement approaches, I believe I have found my calling. I will be happy to join a community driving program to tak

27、e people to one appointment or another or perhaps just to the coffee shop to sit and listen for an hour.As the years pass, perhaps I will be the one standing at the bus stop. Perhaps there will be somebody who rolls down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride. I will continue to take that l

28、eap of faith in the kindness of strangers.307What are the first three paragraphs mainly about?AHow the author started offering rides.BThe value of the authors actions.CAn old lady who impressed the author.DAn accident that happened 40 years ago.308What does the author like most about her ride offers

29、?AHelping people who contribute to society.BPeople accepting her offer without hesitation.CChatting with her passengers.DMaking friends with her passengers.309What does the author plan to do?ABecome a taxi driver after retirement.BContinue driving people to their destinations.CWait to be offered a r

30、ide at a bus stop.DShare her stories with more people.310What message does the author want to convey?AElderly people need more care and support.BIt is important to find a purpose in life.COffering rides to strangers involves risks.DAlways believe in the goodness in people.In traditional stick puppet

31、 shows in Shanxi, puppeteers hold up and manipulate (操控) the puppets using three rods (杆). The puppets are dressed in traditional costumes and frolic (嬉戏) on stage. They are able to change their facial expressions and perform complicated movements.Such art cant be created without the painstaking eff

32、ort of puppet makers like Wang Maowei, 40, who is from Xiaoyi, Shanxi.“When I chose puppet-making as a teenager, I gradually fell in love with it and decided to dedicate myself to the craft,” Wang said. In 2008, Xiaoyis stick puppet plays were added to the national intangible cultural heritage list.

33、It takes 40 to 50 days to make a stick puppet. The average height of a puppet is 75 centimeters to 1 meter, and they have different costumes to fit various plays and plots. “To make puppets, you need to have sensitivity and a basic foundation in the fine arts,” Wang said.Traditional Xiaoyi puppet pl

34、ays use the style of local operas, which are appealing to the elderly. Years ago, Wang realized that plays must cater to the market. He decided to start with the appearance of the puppets.Stick puppets are traditionally carved from wood and are both time-consuming to make and heavy to hold. Wang fou

35、nd that a special kind of kraft paper is a perfect substitute (替代品). It means craftspeople can put things inside the puppets heads to allow them to be operated the nose, eyes and mouth of a puppet can all move via the use of rods. Journey to the West, a classic Chinese novel, has been frequently ada

36、pted in puppet shows. In the tale, the Monkey King can use his eyes to distinguish monsters from ordinary human beings. To recreate this power in his show, Wang makes the Monkey King puppet shoot laser beams (激光) from his eyes and spit (喷) fire from his mouth.“It requires time and energy to create a

37、 delicate piece of work. These puppets are like my own children and I always take good care of them,” Wang said.311According to Wang Maowei, what specific skills are required for making stick puppets?ACreativity and imagination.BPatience and physical strength.CSensitivity and a basic knowledge of fi

38、ne arts.DEngineering and technological skills.312Why did Wang decide to use kraft paper for making stick puppets?ATo reduce production time and effort.BTo make puppets look more beautiful.CTo reduce the costs of making puppets.DTo make them lighter and easier to operate.313How does Wang make the Mon

39、key King puppet unique?ABy making it sing and dance.BBy making it spit fire from its mouth.CBy making it fly across the stage.DBy making it shoot laser beams from its ears.314What does the underlined word “distinguish” in paragraph 7 most likely mean?AtellBappreciateCenjoyDprevent答案：297C 298B【来源】湖南省

40、湘乡市名民实验学校2023-2024学年高一上学期入学考试英语试题【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了万里归途这部电影在万达电影院的放映安排。297细节理解题。根据文章“Time: 7: 15 p. m. (7: 00 p. m. on Sept. 30th)(时间：上午7:15，9月30日上午7点。)”可知，10月17日在上午7:15开始放映，故选C。298细节理解题。根据文章“Tickets: Monday-Thursday: ￥35(票价：周一至周四：35元。)”可知，如果怀特先生和怀特夫人以及他们的儿子在周一的时候去看的话，他们需要支付：35元乘以3等于105元，故选B。299C

41、300D 301A 302C【来源】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试（暑假作业检测）英语试题（含听力）【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者陈述并论证了自己的观点：我们应该拥抱大数据让它参与人生重大决定。299细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“We are living through a data explosion, as vast amounts of information about all aspects of human behavior have become more and more accessible. We can use this big data

42、 to help determine the best course to chart. (我们正生活在一个数据爆炸的时代，关于人类行为各个方面的大量信息变得越来越容易获取。我们可以利用这些大数据来帮助确定绘制地图的最佳路线。)”可知。作者主要的观点是在信息时代利用大数据去帮助自己决定选择哪条路径。故选C项。300细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“They have found, for example, that a simple data-driven algorithm would have been better than judges at deciding whether a def

43、endant should stay in jail (监狱) or be released; better than doctors at deciding whether a patient should get a procedure; and better than school principals at deciding which teachers should be promoted. (例如，他们发现，一个简单的数据驱动算法在决定被告是应该留在监狱还是释放时，会比法官做得更好；在决定病人是否应该接受手术方面比医生做得更好；而且比学校校长更擅长决定哪些老师应该升职。)”可知，数

44、据驱动的算法在这些方面表现更好：在法官决定被告人是该监禁还是释放方面；在医生决定病人是否该做手术方面；在学校校长决定哪些老师应该升职方面，在以上方面，算法都比人类做的好，由此可知，只有“教学实践”方面有可能不会打败人类。故选D项。301细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The power of data analysis has been proved in the sports and business worlds, too. As made famous by the book and movie Moneyball, baseball teams found that algorithms

45、were better than scouts (物色优秀运动员的人) at picking players, and better than managers at picking strategies. (数据分析的力量在体育和商业领域也得到了证明。正如书和电影点球成金(Moneyball)所述，棒球队发现算法在挑选球员方面比球探好，在挑选策略方面比经理好。)”可知，在电影点球成金中，算法在挑选球员和挑选策略方面比人类要好，由此可知，电影“点球成金”中的情节与成功的数据分析有关系。故选A项。302推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“I am claiming instead that we

46、can all dramatically improve our decision-making by consulting evidence mined from thousands or millions of people who faced dilemmas similar to ours. And we can do that now. (相反，我认为我们都可以通过咨询从成千上万与我们面临类似困境的人那里获得的证据来显著改善我们的决策。我们现在就能做到。)”可知，作者认为，在众多面临着类似的困境的人那里获取的数据，能极大地帮助人们的决策，所以作者应该赞成“我们可以运用大数据从类似的例

47、子中学习”这一观点。故选C项。303A 304A 305D 306B【来源】湖南省长沙市长郡中学2023-2024学年高二上学期入学考试（暑假作业检测）英语试题（含听力）【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，使用杀虫剂造成英国鸣禽数量减少。为遏制这一趋势，科学家们向英国的园丁们介绍了一些合适的环保做法。303词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Gardeners who use pesticides are contributing to the decline of British songbirds, a study suggests. Scientists have urged pe

48、ople to stop “spraying their gardens with poisons” (一项研究表明，使用杀虫剂的园丁正在导致英国鸣禽数量的减少。科学家敦促人们停止“向花园喷洒毒药”)”可知，杀虫剂的使用造成了鸣禽减少，科学家呼吁人们停止使用这些杀虫剂。由此推知，科学家呼吁的目的在于遏制这一趋势，阻止鸣禽数量减少，halt与stop意思相近，意为“阻止，制止”。故选A项。304推理判断题。根据第二段内容“The experiment, which surveyed 615 gardens in Britain, found 25% fewer house sparrows when glyphosate (草甘膦) was used regularly. This is an ingredient found in commonly used herbicide (除草剂) brands such as Roundup or Gallup.