形容词与副词考点讲义 高三英语一轮复习.docx

《形容词与副词考点讲义 高三英语一轮复习.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《形容词与副词考点讲义 高三英语一轮复习.docx（8页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、高考英语复习之形容词与副词考点归纳形容词是用来修饰名词的词表示名词的属性，副词和形容词一样，在句中起修饰作用，所不同的是：形容词主要修饰名词；而副词主要修饰动词、形容词、副词和句子等。对形容词、副词的考查是高考一项重要考查内容，考查的方向主要体现在以下几个方面：1. 形容词的用法；2. 副词的用法；3. 形容词和副词原级、比较级、最高级的用法；4. 形容词和副词在句中的区别和位置。【考点诠释】考点1:考查形容词、副词区别修饰行为动词、形容词、副词、过去分词及整个句子用副词,修饰连系动词、名词用形容词。【考例1】Walk ,or well be late for the meeting. A.s

2、lowly B. slow C. quickly D. quick解析：C 分析语境逻辑可知,该空表示“快速”,因此应排除A、B。walk为行为动词,应用副词修饰,因此该空应填quickly。【考例2】Is someone hurt?Yes, one is hurt, but not . A. bad B. hard C. badly D. much解析：C 分析语境逻辑和句子结构可知,该空表示“严重”,且修饰过去分词hurt,因此应填badly。考点2:考查形容词、副词级的判别形容词、副词可分为原级、比较级和最高级。原级用于描绘原形含义,常构成asas结构;比较级用于两者之间进行比较,常用结

3、构是形容词、副词比较级+than;最高级用于三者或三者以上之间进行比较,常用结构是最高级+of/in,其中of引出同类比较对象,in引出一定范围的比较对象。形容词、副词比较等级的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种。【考例1】He thinksof others than of himself.Thats why everyone likes to make friends with him. A. much B. more C. little D. less解析：B 分析语境逻辑可知,前句表示“他替别人考虑比替自己考虑更多”,因此应填more。【考例2】Mobile phones are very

4、 popular now and they are than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest解析：B 分析语境可知,空档所在句表示“现在的手机比过去的手机更便宜”,因此应填比较级形容词cheaper。考点3:考查比较级的程度修饰语能够修饰比较级的程度副词有much, very much, a lot, a great deal, even, still, far, a bit, a little, rather, any,这些词后面也必须接比较级形容词、副词。【考例1】My brother is good at s

5、ports. He can jump than me.A. too high B. much higher C. very high解析：B than暗示该空应用比较级,可由程度副词much修饰。【考例2】I can type than I can write by hand. A. fast B. much faster C. more fasterD. fastest解析：B than暗示该空必须使用比较级,其前可用程度副词much修饰。考点4:考查同级比较的重要句型asas“和一样”,asas中间应为原级形容词、副词,前面可加半数、分数、百分数等程度修饰语,其否定式为not as/soa

6、s。如果形容词后面有单数可数名词,其结构为as+原级形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+as或not as/so+原级形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+as。as+原级形容词/副词+as+数词/名词可表示“达”。asas +主语+can,asas possible“尽可能”,asas中间应为原级形容词、副词。【考例1】Who is Father Christmas?He is a kind-hearted man and his hair is as as snow. A. white B. whiter C. whitest D. black解析：A asas中间应接原级形容词、副词,snow制约

7、该空表示“白”,因此应填white。【考例2】Tom is six and he is his sister Jane. How old is Jane?Three. A. twice as old as B. two years older than C. three years younger than D. as old as考点5 考查enough位置enough作形容词修饰名词时可放在名词前面也可放在名词后面,作副词修饰形容词、副词时应放在形容词、副词后面。例如:Being rich, she always has enough money to spend. 因为富有,她总是有足够

8、的钱花。Your English is really good enough, and I admire you very much. 你的英语真的足够好,我很羡慕你。【考例1】Dont worry, sir. Im sure I can run to catch up with them. A. fast enough B. enough fast C. slowly enough D. enough slowly解析：A 分析语境可知,该空表示“足够快”,应将enough置于副词fast后面。考点6:考查易混形容词、副词区别不少形容词、副词或因拼写相近,或因结构相似,或因意义相连,非常容易

9、混淆,这样的形容词、副词常见的有:hardly“几乎不”,nearly“几乎”;never“从来不”,ever“曾经”;much“许多”,修饰不可数名词,many“许多”,修饰可数名词;too much“太多的”,修饰不可数名词,much too“太”,修饰原级形容词、副词;alone“单独的”,强调客观上独自一人,lonely“孤独的”,强调感情上寂寞无聊;high“高高地”,强调具体高度,highly“高度地”,强调抽象高度。例如:You can hardly understand what your teacher said,can you? 你几乎听不懂老师的话,是吗?I think

10、your work is not nearly so easy as you imagine. 我认为你的工作远非你想像的那么简单。【考例1】Linda,pass my glasses to me,please. I can read the words in the newspaper.With pleasure. A. hardly B. nearly C. clearly解析：A 分析语境可知,该空表示“几乎不”,应填hardly。【考例2】How was your trip?Great. It was the most interesting tour I had had.A. nev

11、er B. ever C. hardlyD. always解析：B 分析语境逻辑可知,该空表示“曾经”,应填ever。2、常见的不规则变化：原级 比较级 最高级good/well better bestbad/badly/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastfar farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest3、常见的比较级和最高级的基本句型及其用法：原级的用法：肯定句型：as + 形容词（副词）原级 + as 意思是 “与一样”The boy is

12、 as clever as his brother. 这个男孩和他的哥哥一样聪明。Lucy writes as carefully as Lily. 露茜写得和莉莉一样认真。否定句型：not so/as + 形容词（副词）原级 +as 意思是“不如“Monkeys are not as strong as elephants. 猴子不如大象强壮。He is not so good a man as you. 他没有你好。比较级的用法：1、比较级+thanPeter is wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明。The car is more beautiful than that one

13、. 这来辆车比那一辆漂亮。2、形容词比较级前可用much, even, still, any, far, four times, a little等修饰。Peter is much wiser than Sam.彼得比山姆聪明的多。The room is a little brighter than that one. 这间房子比那间稍微亮一点。3、比较级+and+比较级 意思是“越来越”It rains harder and harder.雨下得越来越大。4、The+比较级，the+比较级 意思是“越就越”The harder you study, the faster you make p

14、rogress.你学习越努力，进步就越快。5、比较级+than any other+单数名词. 意思是“比其它的任何一个都更”（这种情况其实是用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。）He is more stupid than any other student in his class.在他班里他比其它任何学生都更愚蠢。She is taller than any other girl in the team. 她比队里的其余任何一个女孩都要高。最高级的用法：1、有范围修饰的用最高级，如:in, of, among或用从句修饰的句子中。This is the most expensive of a

15、ll the watches.在所有这些表中这块最贵。2、序数词+最高级+名词 表示“第几个最的”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国的第二大河流。The park is the third largest one in Beijing. 这个公园是北京第三大公园。3、one of the+最高级+复数名词 表示“是最之一”America is one of the richest countries in the world.美国是世界上最富有的国家之一。One of the most beautiful pl

16、aces in Beijing is the Summer Palace.北京最美丽的地方之一是颐和园。4、形容词最高级前一定要用the，而副词最高级前可省略。The elephant is the heaviest in the zoo.大象是这个动物园里最重的动物。She came (the) earliest of all the students.所有学生中她来得最早。（二）、常用副词在句中的位置：1、时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般置于句末。They met in China last year. 他们去年在中国见面了。Its raining hard outside. 外面雨下得很

17、大。The students are reading English loudly. 学生们在大声朗读英语。2、强调时间时，时间副词可置于句首。Last year they met in China.3、时间副词和地点副词前一定不要加介词。She is on her way home. 她正在回家的路上。4、频度副词在句中的位置有两种：（1）实义动词之前：I usually play football on Friday afternoon.我通常周五下午踢足球。I seldom watch TV.我很少看电视。（2）be动词、情态动词和第一助动词之后Mr. Green is always busy.格林先生一直很忙。I have never seen him before.以前我从未见过他。学科网（北京）股份有限公司