2021届 高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十一）含答案.pdf

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1、2021高考英语重难词汇短语梳理与阅读练习（七十一）一：词汇梳理1.tug/tAg/v./n.用力拖（或拉）n.拖船2.condemn/kan dem/vt.指责判 刑迫使陷于不幸的境地3.highlight/hailait/vt.使显著强调n.最精彩的部分4.propose/prapouz/vt.提议打算，计 划vi.求婚5.proposition/.propozijbn/n.主张建议6.inquire/in kwaia/v.打听，询 问7.adjust/od3ASt/vt.调节校正vi.调整，适应8.contemplate/kontompleit/v.凝视凝神静思打算9.indiffere

2、nt/in difaront/a.不关心的一般的10.imperative/imperotiv/a./n.必要的（事）命令（的）11.caution/ko:Jbn/n.小心告诫12.cautious/ko:Jbs/a.小心的，谨慎的13.precaution/pnko:Jbn/n.预防14.convene/konviWv.召集（人）召开（会议等）15.convention/konvenpn/n.大会协定惯例16.judicial/d3u:dipi/a.法官的法庭的裁决的17.solitary/sohtori/a.（人）独自的（物）单个的独处的18.contaminate/kontsemmeit

3、/vt.弄脏，污染19.embody/imbodi/vt.使具体化包括20.pitch/pi/n.掷vt.把.定于某一特定难度21.pitch/pit|7 n.沥青22.elaborate/flbont/v.详 细 说 明/I,laeboreit/a.精心制作的详尽的23.explosive/iksplousiv/n.炸 药a.易引发暴力的爆炸性的24.detach/ditay?vt.拆开25.drought/draut/n.旱灾，干旱26.facility/fosiliti/n.天赋设施27.raid/reid/vt./n.突袭搜查抢劫28.incline/mklain/v.（使）倾斜（使）

4、倾向于n.斜坡29.portable/polobol/a.便携的30.contrast/kontra:st/n.对比差异/kontrast/vt.使与对比二：短语梳理1.in h a n d在进行中彳寺办理2.in honor of为庆祝，为纪念3.in it s e lf本质上，就其本身而言4.in line with 与 致5.in memory of 纪念6.in no case 决不7.in no time 立即，马上8.in no way 决不9.in o r d e r按顺序，按次序10.in other words 换句话说11.in part 部分地12.in particul

5、ar 特别，尤其13.in person亲自，本人14.in p la c e在合适的位置15.in place o f代替，取代，交换三：阅读训练（一）When I was sixteen years old,I made my first visit to the United States.lt wasn tthe first time I had been abroad.Like most English children I learned French atschool.And I had often been to France,so I was used to speaking

6、 a foreign language topeople who didn,t understand English.But when I went to America I was reallylooking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language problems.How wrong I was!The misunderstandings began at the airport.I was looking for apublic telephone to give my American friend Dann

7、y a call and tell her that I hadarrived.A friendly old man saw me looking lost and asked if he could help me.“Yes,I said,“I want to give my friend a ring.”“Well,that s nice,“he said,“Are you getting married?But aren,t you a bityoung?”“Who is talking about marriage?v I replied,“I only want to give my

8、 friend aring to tell her I ve arrived.Can you tell me where there s a phone box?”Oh!he said,“There s a phone downstairs.vWhen at last we met,Danny explained the misunderstandings to me.“Dont worry,“she said to me.I had so many difficulties at first.There are lotsof words which the Americans use dif

9、ferently in meaning from the British.You?1 1soon get used to all the funny things they say.Most of the time,British and Americanpeople understand each other!”1 .Where was the writer from?A.He was from America.B.He was from France.C.He was from England.D.He was from China.2.The writer thought in Amer

10、ica.A.he would not have any language difficultiesB.he would not understand the AmericansC.the Americans might not understand himD.he would have difficulties at the airport3.The writer wanted to.A.buy a ring for his friendB.make a call to his friendC.go to the telephone companyD.see a friend off4.1 n

11、 the last paragraph the underlined word“they”refers to.A.the old man and the boy B.the AmericansC.the British D.the French参考答案：l.C 细节理解题。根据首段中的“Like most English children I learned French atschool.”可知，作者是英国人。2.A 细节理解题。根据首段末句中的.I was really looking forward to havinga nice easy holiday without any lan

12、guage problems.”可知，作者认为去美国不会遇至U任何语言障碍。3.B细节理解题。作者说“give my friend a ring”意为“给朋友打电话”，而不是“给朋友一枚戒指”，结合后文提到的to tell her T ve arrivedn可确定，作者想给丹妮打电话，告诉她,自己已经到了，因此B 项为答案。4.B 代词指代题。根据末段中的You H soon get used to all the funny thingsthey say.”可知，由于作者是英国人，所以此处的they应指的是“美国人”。（二）As you are students of English,it

13、s very possible that you 1 1 be interested inEngland.That s where the language was first spoken.But England is often called byother names.This often confuses people and I wonder if you know what these namesmean.So,now I would like to tell you about this matter of names.I believe that youhave heard p

14、eople use the namesEngland,Britain or Great Britain.Let s see whateach of these names means.If you look at a map of Europe,you 1 1 see a group of islands-one larger islandoff the northwest coast,one smaller and many tiny ones.These make up what is calledthe British Isles.The largest island of the Br

15、itish Isles is Britain.lt is also called GreatBritain.The smaller island is Ireland.Britain is divided into three parts:Scotland,Wales and England.But sometimes theword“England”is used instead of“Britain”.Why so?In ancient times,what is Britain now used to be three different countries.Peoplein these

16、 different countries spoke different languages.Over many years the threecountries became one.England is the largest and richest of the three and it has themost people.So the English people take it for granted that their own name stands forthe whole island.There s another thing that confuses people:s

17、ometimes you may hear people say“the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.That is the officialname of the country.Northem Ireland is only one sixth of the island of Ireland.The restof the island is an independent state,called the Republic of Ireland.So we have thenames of EnglandBrit

18、ain Great Britain,and“the United Kingdom of GreatBritain and Northern Ireland v.Now do you know what each of them means?1 .English was first spoken inA.Britain B.EnglandC.Great Britain D.Ireland答案:B 细节理解题。由第一段第一、二句可知最早讲英语的地方是Englando2.According to the passage,which of the following statements is TRU

19、E?A.Wales is the richest of the three.B.Scotland is the largest of the three.C.Sometimes England is used instead of Britain.D.Britain is the only name of the largest island of British Isles.答案:C 细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知，人们有时用England来代替Britain（称呼英国）03.The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland i

20、s.A.part of BritainB.part of British IslesC.the official name of the whole countryD.the largest country of all mentioned in the passage答案:C 细节理解题。由最后一段第一、二句可以得知,the United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Northern Ireland 是英国的官方名称。4.Which of the following is the best title?A.Students of EnglishB.Differen

21、t Names of EnglandC.Different Languages Spoken in EnglandD.The Republic of Ireland答案:B 主旨大意题。本文从头至尾都在讲述英国的名称，因此最佳标题应用Different Names of England o（二）English is a language spoken all around the world.There are more than 42countries where the majority of the people speak English.Most native speakers of

22、English are found in the United Kingdom,the United States ofAmerica,Canada,Australia,South Africa,Republic of Ireland and New Zealand.Intotal,fbr more than 376 million people English is their mother tongue.An equalnumber of people learn English as a second language.These people will perhaps speakthe

23、 language of their own country at home with their family,but the language of thegovernment,schools,newspapers and TV is English.This situation is found in countriessuch as India,Pakistan,Nigeria and the Philippines.However,the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is morethan 750

24、mi 1 1 ion.Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English.Mostpeople learn English for five or six years at high school.In China students learnEnglish at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong,where manypeople speak English as a first or second language.In only fi

25、fty years,English has developed into the language most widely spokenand used in the world.English is the working language of most internationalorganizations,international trade and tourism.Businessmen and tourists often come toChina without being able to speak Chinese.Chinese businessmen,taxi driver

26、s andstudents talk with them using English.English is also the language of globalculture,such as popular music and the Internet.You can listen to English songs on theradio or use English to communicate with people around the world through theInternet.With so many people communicating in English ever

27、y day,it will becomemore and more important to have a good knowledge of English.l.How many people learn English as a second language?A.More than 37,500,000.B.More than 376,000,000.C.More than 750,000,000.D.More than 75,000,000.答案:B 推理判断题。由第一段中的“for more than 376 million people Englishis their mother

28、 tongue.An equal number of people learn English as a secondlanguage.”可推知，把英语作为第二语言学习的人数也是more than 376,000,000o2.Most international organizations use as their working language.A.English B.ItalianC.Latin D.Japanese答案:A 细节理解题。由第三段第二句可以得知,大多数国际组织把英语作为工作语言。3.Which of the following best expresses the mai

29、n idea of the passage?A.There are more than 42 countries where English is spoken.B.More than 750 million people speak English as their mother tongue.C.English is the language of global culture.0.English is the language widely used and spoken in the world.答案:D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述英语在当今世界被广泛应用。4.1t can be inf

30、erred from the passage that.A.English will be the only language to be used in the worldB.Englishmen might find it unnecessary for them to learn other languagesC.the number of learners of English will become smallerD.Chinese will play a more important part than English答案:B推理判断题。由短文最后一段可.知，那些来中国的商人和游客可以不必会说汉语,只需要说英语即可。由此推断出，随着世界各地学英语的人数的增加,英国人可能发觉自己没有必要学习其他语言了。