第一期 重点单词（1）——高考英语晨读暮诵.docx

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1、第一期 重点单词（1）高考英语晨读暮诵一、动词不规则变形1.AAA(过去式与过去分词不变形)动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义bidbidbidbidding投标;出价吩咐;表示broadcastbroadcastbroadcastbroadcasting广播;播放传播;乱传(消息)burstburstburstbursting突然发作;突然发生爆炸;挤满costcostcostcosting花费付出(代价)cutcutcutcutting切,剪,削削减hurthurthurthurting使受伤;使疼痛hithithithitting袭击;打击偶然发现;偶然碰上letletletlett

2、ing让,使出租putputputputting放安置;赋予readreadreadreading阅读ridridridridding使去掉;摆脱setsetsetsetting放,置;设置使开始;安排;布置spreadspreadspreadspreading扩散,蔓延;传播展开;张开,伸开(手臂)spitspit/spatspit/spatspitting吐出(食物,液体)怒斥splitsplitsplitsplitting劈开;使分离断绝关系shutshutshutshutting关闭,合上停止运作,停止运营2.AAB(过去分词变形)动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义beatbeat

3、beatenbeating打败(心脏等)跳动3.ABA(过去式变形)动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义becomebecamebecomebecoming变成,成为comecamecomecoming来出现,到达runranrunrunning跑经营,运行overcomeovercameovercomeovercoming战胜,克服4.ABB(1)在动词原形后加辅音字母d,t或ed构成过去式或过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义burnburntburntburning燃烧;烧毁,灼伤激怒;渴望dealdealtdealtdealing应对,处理;对付,对待做生意,交易dream

4、dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamtdreaming做梦,梦见;梦想,想象向往hearheardheardhearing听到,听见听说,得知hanghung/hangedhung/hangedhanging悬, 挂, 垂下(被)绞死, 吊死learnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learnedlearning学习,了解lightlit/lightedlit/lightedlighting点火;照亮meanmeantmeantmeaning本意是;意味对某人有价值或重要proveprovedproved/provenproving证明,检验shineshined/

5、shoneshined/shoneshining发光,照耀表现突出showshowedshowed/shownshowing展示,表现出smellsmelled/smeltsmelled/smeltsmelling嗅,闻,闻到speedsped/speededsped/speededspeeding(使)加速,促进spellspelt/spelledspelt/spelledspelling拼写,拼读招致,带来(不好的结果)wakewoke/wakedwoken/wakedwaking醒来,唤醒警觉(2)把动词原形最后一个辅音字母d改为t构成过去式或过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生

6、义buildbuiltbuiltbuilding建造,建立bendbentbentbending使弯曲;使屈服篡改lendlentlentlending借给,借出,贷(款)rebuildrebuiltrebuiltrebuilding重建,改造复原sendsentsentsending发送,寄,派遣spendspentspentspending花费;度过;用尽(3)原形oughtought动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义bringbroughtbroughtbringing拿来,带来使处于某种境地buyboughtboughtbuying购买贿赂,收买fightfoughtfoughtf

7、ighting战斗,吵架thinkthoughtthoughtthinking想;认为;打算seeksoughtsoughtseeking寻找;探索(4)原形aughtaught动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义catchcatchcaughtcatching赶上,抓住感染,了解teachteachtaughtteaching教授,教导(5)变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义awakeawoke/awakedawoke/awokenawaking唤醒,觉醒,醒来digdugdugdigging挖,掘探究feedfedfedfeeding喂养,喂食fleefledfle

8、dfleeing逃走,逃离findfoundfoundfinding找到,发现,发觉getgotgot/gottengetting获得;买到;赢得;抓获;到达,holdheldheldholding持有;拥有拘留leadledledleading领导;引导;致使meetmetmetmeeting遇见,相遇sitsatsatsitting坐;坐下,就座坐落于shootshotshotshooting开(枪);射杀,射伤stickstuckstucksticking粘,贴;刺,扎坚持strikestruck/strickenstruckstriking罢工;击打;撞击winwonwonwinnin

9、g赢,获胜;赢得(6)原形It/pt/ftIt/pt/ft动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义feelfeltfeltfeeling感受到keepkeptkeptkeeping保持;继续;留下保守(秘密);遵守leaveleftleftleaving离开,留下,出发遗留,遗赠sleepsleptsleptsleeping睡觉sweepsweptsweptsweeping打扫,清楚扫视;挥动,摆动(手臂)weepweptweptweeping哭泣,流泪,哀悼(7)其他动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义laylaidlaidlaying放置,下蛋提交,拟定(建议)paypaidpaidpay

10、ing支付;偿还,缴纳给付工资;付出代价saysaidsaidsaying说;宣称;据说standstoodstoodstanding站立;忍受;经得起understandunderstoodunderstoodunderstanding理解,懂得;了解loselostlostlosing遗失,丢失;失去;输掉(比赛);降低,减少;摆脱(追赶者)havehadhadhaving有,持有;从事显示出;举办makemademademaking制造;安排;构成;成为,使成为sellsoldsoldselling售卖,出售出卖,背叛telltoldtoldtelling告诉,告知;讲述辨别,区别;命令

11、retellretoldretoldretelling复述windwoundwoundwinding弯曲前进,蜿蜒而行;卷缠,缠绕5.ABC(过去式与过去分词变形方式不同)(1)原形过去式原形+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义blowblewblownblowing风吹;喘息drivedrovedrivendriving驾驶;驱使;驱使敲,击drawdrewdrawndrawing画,绘画;拖拽吸引,引起eatateeateneating吃侵蚀,损耗fallfellfallenfalling落下,跌倒失势;沦陷forbidforbad/forbadeforbiddenforbid

12、ding禁止;妨碍givegavegivengiving给,提供,赠与growgrewgrowngrowing成长,种植forgiveforgaveforgivenforgiving原谅,饶恕免除knowknewknownknowing知道;了解mistakemistookmistakenmistaking弄错,误解;错误(n.)proveprovedproven/provedproving证明,实验taketooktakentaking拿,获得,接受throwthrewthrownthrowing抛,扔,掷rideroderiddenriding骑车,乘车控制;依靠seesawseensee

13、ing看见;解,领会sewsewedsewnsewing缝制,缝合showshowedshowed/shownshowing展示,出示,说明为带路shakeshookshakenshaking摇动,震动writewrotewrittenwriting写(2)原形过去式过去式+(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义breakbrokebrokenbreaking打破,弄坏;休息,中断(n.)choosechosechosenchoosing选择hidehidhiddenhiding隐藏隐瞒,掩盖forgetforgotforgottenforgetting忘记,忽略freezefroze

14、frozenfreezing冷冻,结冰speakspokespokenspeaking说话,演讲;陈述stealstolestolenstealing偷窃,窃取;剽窃(观点)偷偷地进行(3)原形在重读音节中的元音字母i分别变为a(过去式)和u(过去分词)动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义beginbeganbegunbeginning开始,着手drinkdrankdrunkdrinking喝singsangsungsinging唱歌sinksanksunksinking下沉,沉没swimswamswumswimming游泳ringrangrungringing戒指按铃;敲钟;包围(4)其他

15、动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词熟义生义be(am,is,are)was/werebeenbeing是bearboreborn/bornebearing熊(n.);忍受,承受dodiddonedoing做;执行flyflewflownflying飞翔,飞行流传,四处传播gowentgonegoing走,去lielay(lied)lain(lied)lying躺,位于;撒谎wearworewornwearing穿,戴;流露,面带(表情)bitebitbitten/bitbiting咬,刺痛teartoretorntearing流泪,眼泪(n.)撕破,撕掉二、词性转换动词变名词1.V+ment结尾A

16、chieve实现achievement成就disagree不同意disagreement分歧equip装备equipment装备, 器材govern统治government政府manage管理management经营,管理2.V+ion结尾discuss讨论,辩论discussion讨论express表达expression表达方式admit承认admission承认permit允许permission允许conclude推论出conclusion结论3.V+ance结尾allow允许allowance津贴,补贴perform执行;演出performance表演appear出现appearan

17、ce出现exist存在existence存在4.V+ing结尾end结束ending结局,结尾train训练training训练mean意味着meaning意义say说saying谚语bathe洗澡bathing沐浴5.词尾加-er 或-or 后变成表示“某一类人”work工作worker工人teach教授teacher老师sing唱歌singer歌手visit参观visitor访问者invent发明inventor发明家6.V+其他press逼迫;压pressure压力behave表现behavior行为mix(使)混合,混淆mixture混合物succeed成功success成功know知

18、道,了解knowledge知识形容词变名词1.词尾ent改为ency或enceefficient有效率的efficiency效率patient耐心的patience耐性dependent依赖的dependence依赖urgent紧急的urgency紧急independentindependence独立性2.ble结尾,改为bilitypossible可能的possibility可能性responsible负责的responsibility 责任;职责3.其他accurate准确的accuracy准确性 prosperous繁荣的prosperity繁荣true真正的truth真相 wide宽的

19、width 宽度long长的length长度 high高的height 高度形容词变动词1.词尾加izemodern现代的modernize 使现代化social社会的socialize 使社会化2.词前加enlargeenlarge 扩大;放大3.词尾加enfast快速的fasten使固定;集中于 wide宽的widen放宽short短的shorten缩短 less较少的lessen使减少名词/动词变形容词1.名词+yguilt罪恶guilty内疚的health健康healthy 健康的tourist旅行者touristy适宜游览的2.名词/动词+edtalent天赋talented有天赋的

20、offend得罪offended生气的crowd人群crowded拥挤的3.名词+ful/lesscare关心careful/careless 小心的/粗心的help帮助helpful/helpless 有帮助的/无助的use使用useful/useless 有用的/无用的meaning意义meaningful/meaningless 有意义的/无意义的home家homeless无家可归的4.名词/动词+ablechange改变changeable 易变的adjust调节adjustable 可调整的suit适合suitable 合适的knowledge知识knowledgeable 知识渊博

21、的5.名词+ouscouragecourageous勇敢的dangerdangerous 危险的6.ce变tconfidence自信confident自信的difference差异different不同的7.词尾加aladditionadditional 附加的,额外的educationeducational有教育意义的originoriginal 新颖的;独创的8.名词+lyfriend朋友friendly友好的live生活lively有生气的week周weekly每周的形容词变副词1.形容词+lybright明亮的brightly明亮地casual随便的casually随意地complete完全的completely完全proper恰当的properly适当地specific特有的specifically特定地2.以le结尾的,去e加ycomfortable舒服的comfortably舒服地gentle温和的gently温柔地simple简单的simply仅仅,只terrible可怕的terribly非常;极度地3.辅音字母+y,变y为ilyeasy简单的easily容易地happy开心的happily快乐地heavy重的,沉的heavily沉重地4.特殊good好的,棒的well好地true合乎事实的truly真实地版权所有正确教育 侵权必究！