初中英语语法学习归纳之过去进行的构成与用法.docx

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1、初中英语语法学习归纳之过去进行的构成与用法现在进行时由“am / is /are+现在分词”构成。如果我们将现在进行时中的助动词am / is / are改为过去式was / were，那么现在进行时就变成了过去进行时，也就是说过去进行时由“was / were +现在分词”构成。过去进行的重要用法1.表示临时性即表示在过去短期内正在进行的动作或存在的临时情况，这种情况通常不会长期如此。2.表示计划即表示为过去的将来计划或安排好的活动。这类用法在没有明确上下文的情况下，通常会连用一个表示将来时间的状语。3.表示委婉语气动词hope, wonder等的过去进行时常用来表示提出要求，虽然表示现在的

2、内容，但语气比一般现在时或一般过去时要委婉。一般过去时也有类似用法，相比之处，一般过去时通常表示主语的行为是经过认真考虑的，而过去进行时则多表示一种较随便或没有进行仔细考虑的行为。4.表示重复过去进行时有时可以与always, constantly, continually, forever,等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用，强调动作的不断重复的。注：现在进行时也有类似用法，但过去进行时是表示过去不断重复的动作，而现在进行时是表示现在不断重复的动作。过去进行时是什么过去进行时是英语考试中常考的一个语法点，它表示过去在某一时间段或某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作或状态。过去进行时有表示原因、强调、表

3、示感情色彩等作用。过去进行时形式：was /were + V-ing表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。一、结构过去进行时肯定句基本结构=主语+was/were+doing+其它过去进行时否定句基本结构=主语+was/were+not+doing+其它过去进行时一般疑问句基本结构=Was/Were+主语+doing+其它答语：Yes,主语was/were.或No,主语wasnt/werent.过去进行时特殊疑问句基本结构=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它以下是各种句型的例句：1.We were having supper when the phone rang.我们正在吃晚饭时，电话

4、响了2.This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.昨天这个时候杰克没看电视。3.He was repairing his bike.他在修理自行车。4.When/While we were having supper, the light went out.我们正在吃饭时，灯熄灭了。5.While we were talking, the teacher came in.当我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。6.While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。7.H

5、e was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时，我正在做饭。8.Tom was getting up at six oclock every day that week.汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。二、含义过去进行时表示同时进行的动作。1.While you were writing letters，I was reading a book.你写信的时候，我在看书。2.While we were having breakfast，John was talking on the tele-phone.我们吃早饭的时候，约翰在打电话。过去进行时和

6、一般过去时在一个句子里使用，用过去进行时表示过去正在进行的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，亦可用于从句。1.Just as I was leaving the house，the telephone rang.我正要出门，电话铃响了。（用于从句）2.He broke his leg when he was playing football.他踢足球的时候把腿伤了。（用于从句）3.She was reading when he called.他来访时，她正在看书。（用于主句）三、过去进行时在句子中的作用1、表示原因。例句：I didnt hear what you said;I was lookin

7、g at the picture.我没有听见你的话，我在看那幅画。2、对所说的话进行强调。在小说的对话中，有时引述动词不用一般过去时，而用过去进行时，意在强调所说的话，语气较重，且更为生动。例句：A：“Did they catch her?”Mary was asking.“他们抓住她了吗？”只听得玛丽问道。B:”No,she escaped.”Tom told her.“没有，她逃走了。”汤姆告诉她。3、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。例句：I was walking in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。4

8、、表示与现在事实相反或将来的猜想情况，有时表示不耐烦等情绪。例句：I was going to phone you,but I just didnt have time.我本想给你打电话的，但就是没有时间。The basketball match was taking place the next day,but it had to be canceled because of the heavy rain.篮球赛原定第二天举行的，但因大雨不得不取消。5、用来陈述原因或用作借口。She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of

9、trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。6、与always,constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。例句:The girl was always changing her mind.这女孩老是改变主意。7、表示动作的未完成性。过去进行时可以表示动作的未完成性，即对某事了解的不全面，希望得到更详细的情况。例句：I was hearing Susan had entered the college.我听说苏珊上了大学。8、表示继续刚刚中断的谈话，用于日常生活中。例句：As I were telling you,the boy took his stu

10、bbornness from his father.正想我刚刚告诉你的，这孩子的犟脾气是他爸爸遗传给他的。As she was telling me,we must depend upon ourselves to make our own way as best we can.正如她所告诉我的，我们必须依靠自己竭尽全力走自己的路。9、表示婉转语气，只限于want,hope,wonder等动词，用以提出请求。例句：I was wondering if you could help me.我想知道你是否能够帮助我。10、表示对比。例句：He was not sitting idle,he was

11、 making preparations.他没有闲坐着，他在做准备。While the children were playing in the shade,their parents were working in the scorching sun.孩子们在树荫下玩耍，而他们的父母却在烈日下劳作。过去进行时的标志性词语概述有些词只要出现句子中，就表示这个句子是过去时，常见的标志性词语有：yesterday , last , ago , before , in+年或月, on+日, just now(或者a moment ago)；再加上was+v-ing，就可以判断这个句子是过去进行时了。

12、例如：1.I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.昨天下午我打电话给你，但是没有人接电话。2.I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.我昨天下午大部分时间，都在一个朋友家里。3.It was raining hard when I left my office.当我离开办公室时，雨下得正大。4. When you called，I was eating.你打电话时，我正在吃饭。5. When I was cleaning the windows，my b

13、rother was sweeping the floor.我在擦窗户的时候，我弟弟在拖地。6. Some students were playing football，while others were running round the track.一些学生在踢足球，同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。7. We were walking along the river when（suddenly）It rained.我们沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来。8. They were watching TV when the lights went out.停电时，他们刚好在看电视9. She went to see Xiao Li. He was leaving early the next morning.她去看小李。他第二天一早就要离开此地了。10. She asked him whether he was coming back to lunch.她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃。学科网（北京）股份有限公司