2021年4月湖南工业大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年4月湖南工业大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第2题【单选题】For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate

2、 to its own nationals any persondomiciled in that State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人当作本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。for the purpose of.是法律条文里常用的一

3、个短语，意思相当于“就 而言，在此处翻译为“为实施本公约。第3题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A requirementB examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调 查,质 询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第4题【单选题】He was very busy yesterday；otherwise,he to the meeting.A、would comeB、

4、cameC、would have comeD、will come【正确答案】C【答案解析】otherwise经常可以搭配虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。第5题【单选题】I have finished a large part of the book;the rest more difficult.A、isB areC wasD、were【正确答案】A【答案解析】the rest=the rest part of the book,是不可数的，所以谓语动词用单数形式。第6题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous university.A honorB ap

5、preciateC、prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】admire 钦佩；赞美；appreciate欣赏。第 7 题阅读理解无解析 The word protection is no longer taboo（禁忌语）This shortsentence,uttered by French President Nicolas Sarkozy late last month,may have launched a new era in economic history.Why?For decades,Western lectern leaders have believed th

6、at lowering trade barriers andtariffs was a natural good.Doing so,they reasoned,would lead togreater economic efficiency and productivity,which in turn wouldimprove human welfare.Championing free trade thus became a moral,not just an economic,cause.These leaders,If course,werent acting outof unselfi

7、shness.They knew their economies were the most competitive,so theyd profit most from liberalization.And developing countriesfeared that their economies would be swamped by swamped by superiorWestern productivity.Today,however,the tables have turned-thoughfew acknowledge it.The West continues to prea

8、ch free trade,butpractices it less and less.Asia,meanwhile,continues to plead for specialprotection but practices more and more free trade.Thats why Sarkozyswords were so important:he finally injected some honesty into the tradedebate.The truth is that large parts of the West are losing faith in fre

9、etrade,though few leaders admit it.Some economists are more honest.Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge that protectionistarguments are returning,In the short run,there will be winners andlosers under free trade.This,of course,is what capitalism is all about.But more and more of the

10、se losers will be in the West.Economists in thedeveloped world used to love quoting Joseph Schumpeter,who said thatcreative destruction7 was an essential part of capitalist growth.But theyalways assumed that destruction would happen over there.WhenWestern workers began losing jobs,suddenly their lea

11、ders began to losefaith in their principles.Things have yet to reverse completely.Butthere/s clearly a negative trend in Western theory and practice.A littlehypocrisy(虚 伪)is not in itself a serious problem.The real problem isthat Western governments continue to insist that they retain control ofthe

12、key global economic and financial institutions while drifting awayfrom global liberalization.Look at whats happening at the IMF(International Monetary fund).The Europeans have demanded that theykeep the post of managing director.But all too often,Western officialsput their own interests above everyo

13、ne else/s when they dominate theseglobal institutions.The time has therefore come for the Asians-who areclearly the new winners in today/s global economy-to provide moreintellectual leadership in supporting free trade.Sadly,they have yet todo so.Unless Asians speak out,however,there/s a real danger

14、that AdamSmith/s principles,which have brought so much good to the world,couldgradually die.And that would leave all of us worse off,in one way oranother.A、improving economic efficiencyB、ending the free-trade practiceC、lowering moral standardD、raising trade tariffs【正确答案】DA、it is beneficial to their

15、economiesB、it is supported by developing countriesC、it makes them keep faith in their principlesD、it is advocated by Joseph Schumpeter and Adam Smith【正确答案】AA、the Western leaders have become advocates of free tradeB、the Asian leaders have become advocates of free tradeC、the developed economies have t

16、urned less competitiveD、the developing economies have become more independent【正确答案】CA、set a long-term rather than short-term goalB、was an essential part of capitalist developmentC、entailed a positive rather than negative mentalityD、was meant to be the destruction of developing economies【正确答案】DA、Euro

17、pean leaders are reluctant to admit they are hypocriticalB、there is an inconsistency between Western theory and practiceC、global institutions are not being led by true globalizationadvocatesD、European countries/interests are being ignored by economicleaders【正确答案】C第8题【单选题】We rely more than any other

18、major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指 经济大国，是近几

19、年才出现的一种用法。第9题【单选题】A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。that Hastings was likely to want是一个that引导的定语从句，是对the last thing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不

20、需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第10题【单选题】I found in my babys behaviour a metaphor for the new generation.Mywife and I had given him some books to examine,but he merely spitupon them.When we read to him,he did not feel comfortable.And so itis in the schools.We find that our students dont read,that they lookdown upon

21、 reading and scold those of us who teach it.All they want todo is watch TV.After this experience with the baby,however,I havereached a conclusion:let them watch it.If television is that much moreattractive to children than books,why should we fight it?Let them watchit all they want!From the passage

22、we know that the author is.A、a doctorB、an editorC、a writerD、a teacher【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 根据本段第五句话的信息，我们会很容易地推断出作者是一位教师。这句话的原文是：We findthat our students dont read,that they look down upon readingand scold those of us who teach it.它的意思是：我们发现我们的学生不读书，瞧不起读书，而且还骂我们这些教他们读书的人。由此来看，这里的“我们指的就是当老师的这些人。第11题【单选

23、题】We might have failed if you us a helping hand.A、have not givenB、would not giveC had not givenD、did not give【正确答案】C【答案解析】表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。第12题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参

24、考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第13题【单选题】Facing growing costs and shrinking tax,the government is nowthreatening to cut funding for environmental protection programs.A、budgetB、collectionC profitD、revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue 收入，税收，尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第 14题【单选题】In his closing remarks,the chairman express

25、ed his thanks to all thosewho had contributed to the success of the conference.A、commentsB、speechC、criticismD、lecture【正确答案】B【答案解析】remarks致辞。speech讲话，演说。参考译文：在闭幕词里，主席向所有为大会的成功举办作出过贡献的人士表示了感谢。第 15题【单选题】I recognize my own shortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】recognize v t.认 出,识 别；承认。第 16题【单选题】Bes

26、ides oil and gas,the sea may offer new sources of energy.Forexample,warm temperature of the ocean can be used as the steam in asteamship.Sea may also offer a source of energy as electricity formankind.Why does the author mention a steamship?A、To illustrate that man can make use of sources of energy

27、from thesea.B、To show that a steamship is better than other kinds of ships.C、To argue that man should use steamships.D、To indicate that it is warmer in the ocean than on land.【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者在文章中提到蒸汽船，就是为了说明人类可以利用很多种海洋资源。文章中说，除了石油和天然气，海洋还提供了很多新能源，接着就以蒸汽船为例证明这一点。第 17题【单选题】She cant help the house becau

28、se she/s busy making a cake.A to cleanB cleaningC、cleanedD、being cleaned【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。注意以下两个结构均可用，但是含义不同:cant help doing sth.意为“禁不住做某事,情不自禁地做某事；cant help to do sth.意为 不能帮助做某事”。第18题【单选题】No sooner than the ship set sail.团A、the goods was loaded aB、had the goods been loaded 0C、loaded the goods 3D、th

29、e goods was being loaded【正确答案】B【答案解析】倒装句的被动语态。no sooner位于句首时引起部分倒装句。No sooner.than表示 一.就.”,主语的谓语动词用过去完成时，从句里谓语动词用一般过去时。所以答案只有B合适。第19题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A、us from goingB、us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与encoura

30、ge互为反义词。英语中说 鼓励某人做某事 时使用encourage sb.to do s th.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb.to do s th.,这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第20题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specifi

31、cly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第21题【单选题】Because Helen is his wife,it is difficult for Alan to be about hertalent.A、subjectiveB、objectiveC、impressiveD、persuasive【正确答案】B【答案解析】subjective主观的。objective客观的。impressive印象深刻的。persuasive善于游说的。第22题【单选题】Spid

32、ers are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第23题【单选题】He sm

33、iled,with the implication that he didnt believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】implication n,含义;暗示;牵连,卷入；可能的结果，影响。第24题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这

34、个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析 答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修 饰frankness。I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第 25题阅读理解无解析 Prior to the

35、20th century,many languages with small numbersof speakers survived for centuries.The increasingly interconnectedmodern world makes it much more difficult for small languagecommunities to live in relative isolation,a key factor in languagemaintenance and preservation.lt remains to be seen whether the

36、 worldcan maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead.Many powerful forces appear to work against it:population growth,which pushes migrant populations into the worlds last isolated locations;mass tourism;global telecommunications and mass media;and thespread of gigantic gl

37、obal corporations.All of these forces appear tosignify a future in which the language of advertising,popular culture,and consumer products become similar.Already English and a few othermajor tongues have emerged as global languages of commerce andcommunication.For many of the worlds peoples,learning

38、 one of theselanguages is viewed as the key to education,economic opportunity,anda better way of life.Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expectedto survive the coming century.Are most of the rest doomed in thecentury after that?Whether most of these languages survive willprobably depend on ho

39、w strongly cultural groups wish to keep theiridentity alive through a native language.To do so will require anemphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）.Bilingual speakerscould use their own language in smaller spheres-at home,amongfriends,in community settings-and a global language at work,

40、indealings with government,and in commercial spheres.In this way,manysmall languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrityalongside global languages,rather than yield to the homogenizing（同化的）forces of globalization.Ironically,the trend of technologicalinnovation that has threatened m

41、inority languages could also help savethem.For example,some experts predict that computer softwaretranslation tools will one day permit minority language speakers tobrowse the Internet using their native tongues.Linguists are currentlyusing computer-aided learning tools to teach a variety of threate

42、nedlanguages.For many endangered languages,the line between revival anddeath is extremely thin.Language is remarkably resilient（有活力的），however.It is not just a tool for communicating,but also a powerful wayof separating different groups,or of demonstrating group identity.Manyindigenous（原生的，土著的）commun

43、ities have shown that it is possibleto live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identitiesthrough language.A、an increasingly interconnected worldB、maintaining small numbers of speakersC、relatively isolated language communitiesD、following the tradition of the 20th century【正确答案】CA、uncert

44、ainB、unrealisticC、foreseeableD、definite【正确答案】AA、small languages become acceptable in work placesB、homogenize the worlds languages and culturesC、global languages reach home and community settingsD、speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identity【正确答案】DA、makes learning a global language unnece

45、ssaryB、facilitates the learning and using of those languagesC、raises public awareness of saving those languagesD、makes it easier for linguists to study those languages【正确答案】BA、remarkably well-kept in this modern worldB、exceptionally powerful tools of communicationC、quite possible to be revived inste

46、ad of dying outD、a unique way of bringing different groups together【正确答案】C第26题【单选题】Has Mr.White arrived?Yes,a lr e a d y.h e wait outside or justcome in?A ShallB MayC CouldD、Must【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查情态动词辨析。当主语为第三人称时情态动词shall表示征求对方的许可。第27题【单选题】After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,ourastronauts

47、desire to do is walk in space.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：杨利伟成功环绕地球后，我们的宇航员所要做的就是太空行走。当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。W hat只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。第28题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、

48、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第29题【单选题】Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known,Flowers andYeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops andplants.Land that

49、 has been abandoned to nature will then be able tobloom again,providing much needed food in the poorer countries of theworld.The attitude of the author towards the research project is.A、positive.B、negative.C、suspicious.D、indifferent.【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者在本段中对二人研究的结果给予了展望,态度是积极的。所以，选择A。第30题【单选题】This is the

50、 magazine I copied the paragraph.A thatB whichC、from thatD、from which【正确答案】D【答案解析】copied the paragraph from the magazine.第31题【单选题】Will there ever be another Einstein?This is the undercurrent ofconversation at Einstein memorial meetings throughout the year.A newEinstein will emerge,scientists say.But