2021年8月贵州工业大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年8月贵州工业大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Shortly after the accident,tw o police were sent to the spot tokeep order.A、dozens ofB、dozensC、dozen ofD、dozen【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名词必须是单数形式，如dozen（一打），score（二十）和head（头）等。但是如果这些名词用来指某些可数名词时,这些名词呈复数形式，其后应加上介词of。第2题【单选题】She reached the

2、top of the hill and stopped on a big rock bythe side of the pathA、to have restedB、restingC、to restD、rest【正确答案】C【答案解析】stop doing sth.意为 停止正在做的事”;stop to dosth.意为 停下来去做另外一件事。第3题【单选题】It shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by the signatory States.A、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须

3、经签字国批准或接受。D、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。【正确答案】C【答案解析】be subject to表示 受支配，从属于 的意思。第4题【单选题】If I the money,I would have bought a much bigger car.A、possessedB、ownedC hadD、had had【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有 。第5题【单选题】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hidethe fact that simil

4、ar needs are felt in the rest of Europe.Studies by theCouncil of Europe,of which 21 counties are members,have shown that45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterfliesare in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe haveindicated t hat.A、wildlife needs more prote

5、ction only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe thanelsewhere.D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶

6、濒临灭绝。由此可见，D 是正确的答案。第6题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,Allensaid.We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,witho

7、ut biology,can explain these results,What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that

8、a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only 一般是错误的，排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biologic

9、al explanations are addressedo 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案A。第7题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A dismissB permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】re w a rd奖励；奖赏。第8题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spr

10、ing one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.1 wasnt surprised when this didn/t make the newshere in the United Stateswe/re now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theF

11、amily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as“government run perso

12、nnel management and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack o

13、f a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D、The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对,business circles与文中

14、的business groups相对应，故正确答案为C项。文 中 说 家庭与医疗休假法在1993年时通过，故排除A项“在美国历史上没有先例；B项“现 有 的 家庭与医疗休假法，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D项“民主党的无能。第9题【单选题】We talked of our plans to wed and start a family,once we were settled inLos Angeles,and we listened to the rain.A、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论

15、着，外头还下着雨。B、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨声。C、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨声。D、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外头的雨声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本题考查句子中并列动词的翻译。to wed and start a family,once we were settled in Los Angeles是 plan的同位语，而句子的主干是两个并列的动词，Wetalked of our plans and we listened to

16、 the rain.汉语中与之相对的是“一面，一 面.”。第10题【单选题】They are b r i g h t,able and confident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD、intelligent【正确答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聪明的；理解力强的。第11题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assem bles集合，聚集；装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。

17、第12题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A take the place ofB give space forC build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第13题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,an

18、d thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在

19、此题中，country并不是“国家 ，而是指“农村。第14题【单选题】She regarded the burglary as a(n)of her home.团A、invasionB、suppression0C、violationD、theft【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：她认为入室偷盗是侵犯家宅的行为。violation意为 侵犯（行为），妨 碍（行为）；invasion意为 侵犯，侵害，尤其隐私和个人权力；suppression意为“压制,镇压；theft意为“偷窃，失窃。第15题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biologic

20、al explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/Allensaid.We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results.What can be inferred from what Allen s

21、aid?A Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案

22、选A o 推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only 一般是错误的，排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressedo 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案A。第16题【单

23、选题】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quitean effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take forgranted.Because we can feel that things are heavy,we think of weightas being a fixed quality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If youcould

24、take a one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four poundsof tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of theearth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.【正确答案】A（答案解析 本题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球表面4000英里的地方，重量会是多少？400

25、0这个数字比较关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一看该句If you could takea one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth,itwould weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名词换了一下，很显然答案就是变成原来重量的四分之一，因此正确答案是Ao第17题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughte

26、r.A checkB、keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】holdback抑制，控制。check克制，抑 制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第18题【单选题】Who should I send this message to?The mayor is the oneA、to send itB to be sentC、for sendingD、to send it to【正确答案】B 答案解析】第一句提供了语境“应把消息送给谁？“应送给市长”。故A是错误的，正确答案为D,即send the m

27、essage tothe mayoro被修饰的名词为不定式的间接宾语时，不定式后应加上适当的介词。第19题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink收缩；畏缩；sm a lle r较小，更小的。第20题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protections a

28、nd died young.Inthe West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that theirsouls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bummer”(Li

29、ne 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题。本段第1 句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(suirounded by reminders of misery)o 段落最后一句话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bummertoo.

30、此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除第1 句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B 符合要求。第21题【单选题】Good news for chocoholics:the treat preferred by millions all over theworld is good for you,according to American researchers at theUniversity of California.Chocolate cont

31、ains substances called flavonoidsthat can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulation.Theresearchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating abar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body:these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you

32、 feelhappy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation?A、It reduces pain and stress.B、It contains substances called flavonoids.C、It releases endorphins in human body.D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。因果关系词=信号词。凡是注释中文的地方可能是答案区域。第22题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomen

33、on?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第23题【单选题】Honesty is a kind of quality and thats it takes to communicatewith others successfully.A、whatB whyC、howD、which【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查名词性从句的连接词。题干句子中thats后至句子末尾是表语从句且takes缺少宾语，又不是指人，所以用what来连接。第24题【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety

34、,and there was a bias in his gaitwhich inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品

35、语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动 词 carry有许多含义。此处译文具体化，译作“支着第25题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium ad j.中间的,中等的;半生熟的。第26题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A us from goingB us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A

36、【答案解析】discourage与 encourage互为反义词。英语中说“鼓励某人做某事 时使用encourage sb.to do sth.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb.to do sth.,这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第27题【单选题】Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists-only job is to explore emo

37、tions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn/t always so.The earliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as wew

38、ent from Wordsworths daffodils to Baudelaire/s flowers of evil.By citingthe examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intendsto show t hat.A、poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB、art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC、poets today are less skeptical of h

39、appinessD、artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o事实细节题。根据题干信息我们定位到第2段，该段可以分成两部分：第一部分是前两句，事实并非一直这样（艺术家将焦点投向消极的情感），最早的艺术形式是最适合表达快乐的；第二部分提到了华兹华斯的 水仙花和波德莱尔的 恶之花为例。按照议论文的论点论据的关系特点，首先提出论点然后以论据论证这个观点的正确性。本题举例部分为第2段 第3句 中as引导的时间状语从句，该句主句部分以及上文第2句就是论点所在。第3句句首but 一词暗示了“改变。D是论点的概括。第28

40、题【单选题】James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or,as it wasthen called,navigation7.A、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoB、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoC、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把建筑运河叫作navigation oD、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫作navigation o【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考查的知识点为重复与代称。原 文building can

41、als,但汉语里常见的搭配是“开凿运河，如译作“建筑运河，就不顺了。原文后半句用it代 替buildingcanals,译文重复“开凿运河而不用代词，这样译是比较清楚的。第29题【单选题】This Convention shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by thesignatory States.A、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。D、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。无论是英语还是

42、汉语，法律文件有一些共同的特点。英语 常 用shall,whereof,hereinafter等，汉语则常用“本公约须.，“应 ，可 ，”均等词语。第30题【单选题】If I the money,I would have bought a much bigger car.A、possessedB、ownedC、hadD、had had【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有 。第31题【单选题】He more than 5 000 English words when he entered theuniversity at the age of 15.A、has

43、 learnedB、would have learnedC、learnedD、had learned【正确答案】D【答案解析】掌握了 5000多个单词并非在15岁上大学时发生，而是早在之前就完成了，过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时。句意：在他15岁上大学时，就已经掌握了 5000多个单词了。第32题【单选题】There are too many big things involved this.A、beforeB、forC、inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】be involved in：牵涉，涉及到，答案选C。第33题【单选题】Many people act on without count

44、ing the cost.A failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲；刺激；神经冲动；推动力。第34题【单选题】Transparency is needed people are skeptical about policy-makersmaking policy against their own interests.A soB becauseC、thereforeD、thus【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句后半部分表示的是一个原因，即：纳税人要求政策制定有透明度是因为担心决策者做出有悖于他们利益的事。第35题解答题Man

45、y animals test their legs and totter forth only hours after they areborn,but humans need a year before they take their first,hesitant steps.Is something fundamentally different going on in human babies?Maybenot.(1)A new study shows that the time it takes for humans and allother mammals to start walk

46、ing fits closely with the size of theirbrains.(2)ln past studies to develop a new animal model for the brains inevents that support motor development,neurophysiologist MartinGarwicz discovered that the schedules by which ferrets and rats acquirevarious motor skills,such as crawling and walking,are s

47、trikingly similar toeach other;the progress simply happens faster for rats.That made themwonder how similar the timing of motor development might be amongmammals in general.(3)They compared the time between conceptionand walking in 24 species and looked at how well this durationcorrelated with a ran

48、ge of variables,including gestationtime,adult bodymass,and adult brain mass.As they report in this weeks issue of PNAS,brain mass accounts for the vast majority(94%)of the variance inwalking time between species.Species with larger brains,such as humans,tend to take longer to learn to walk.(4)Striki

49、nglyz a model based on adultbrain mass and walking time in the other 23species almost perfectlypredicts when humans begin to walk.Weve always considered humansthe exception,Garwicz says,But in fact,we start walking at exactly thetime that would be expected from all other walking mammals.Twoother var

50、iablesgestation time and brain mass at birthalso correlatenicely with age of walking for most animals,but not for humans.Thatmakes sense,the researchers say:Humans spend an unusually smallportion of their developmentand build an unusually small fraction oftheir brain mass-in the womb.(5)The model is