2021年5月天津工程师范学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年5月天津工程师范学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends?During their first four minutes together,according to a book by Dr.Leonard Zunin.In his book,Contact:The first four minutes,he offersthis advice to anyone interested in starting new f

2、 r i e n d s h i p s:.Alot of peoples whole lives would change if they did just that.A、That is not the time to complain about ones health or to mentionfaults one finds in other people.B Every time you meet someone in a social situation,give him yourundivided attention for four minutes.C、It is not th

3、e time to tell the whole truth about ones opinions andimpressions.D、He is eager to make friends with everyone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o空格前后句中出现了代词的呼应 this advicet h a t,结合空格后句意（如果他们那样做的话，很多人的整个生活都会发生改变）判断that指代的内容是前句中提到的“这条建议，所以判断空格处出现表意为 建议 的句子可能性最大，结合被选项的内容和用词判断B是答案。第2题【单选题】Actually industry can vary

4、a good deal over the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】va ry改变；im p ro ve改善，增进；提高 的价值。第3题【单选题】If I hadnt been caught in the heavy rain,I could have been back by 7oclock.What a pity!Stella here to see you.A、isB、wasC、would beD、has been【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查动词时态。题干对话中第一句表达与过去事实相反的假设，第二句陈述的

5、是过去的事实。第4题【单选题】They took measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A、fruitfulB、beneficialC、validD、effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有效的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第5题【单选题】I dont want to bring up the t o p ic,w h y on earth did you get homethat late last night?A、butB、andC、

6、orD、so【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查连词用法。前文说：我不想说这个话题,而下文又把这个话题提了出来，由此可以看出是转折关系。第6题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A rangeB restrictC gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assem bles集合，聚集;装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第7题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、exam

7、inationC、analysisD investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查,质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第8题【单选题】Research shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pressure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB、associated withC、attributed toD、referred to【正确答

8、案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be)associatedwith与.有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第9题【单选题】It is so difficult a problem that student in this class workit out.A、any,cantB、no,canC every,canD、no,cant【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题很容易误选A,因为从句意上看，选A可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难，这个班上任何一个学生都不可能做出来。但按英语习惯，any（任何一个）作为非肯定词，它只能出现在否定词not之后

9、，而不能在其前，即可说not a n y,但不说any not。所以正确答案应选B。第10题【单选题】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a localrestaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment.She called to see if he was there.She said,“My husband has Alzheimers（老年痴呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.Numero

10、usthoughts ran through my head.Call the police,call her family,and notify（通知）the doctor/s office she had just come from!But at first,I offeredto drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.Theelderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with Alzheim

11、ersB、the nurse in the doctor/s officeC、a local restaurantD、one of her family members【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中She told me her namewas Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant.可知答案为C项。Helen由于担心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打电话到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第11题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Rox

12、aboxen that thechildrens book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach others base

13、s using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第12题【单选题】Fr

14、ankfurt,Germany,is one of the most populated regions ofWest Europe.A、denselyB、vastlyC、enormouslyD、largely【正确答案】A【答案解析】densely稠密的。vastly广泛的。enormously巨大的/庞大的。largely主要的/很大程度上。第13题【单选题】Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burnA thatB、C whichD、it【正确答案】A【答案解析】先行词gas被 only修饰，关系代词要用that,而不用which.第14题【单选题】The

15、 problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain.Across thecountry,many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boostin morale.For some,the hardships of life without steady work eventuallyoverwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together.The divorcerate rose again during the

16、 rest of the decade as the recovery tookhold.What will the current economic crisis eventually do to somemarried couples?A、It will force them to pull their efforts together.B、It will undermine their mutual understanding.C、It will irreparably damage their relationship.D、It will help strengthen their e

17、motional bonds.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o推理判断题。文章本段最后两句提到，工作的不稳定、生活的艰辛最终会使得一些美国人维系家庭的努力消失殆尽，危机过后的数十年中随着经济复苏离婚率再次上升。由此可见，目前的经济危机最终会伤害夫妻关系至无法弥补，故答案为C。A“会迫使他们齐心协力是经济萧条初期会出现的情况，可以排除；B和D在文中均未提及。第15题【单选题】They were,by and large,a very wealthy,privileged elite.A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】elite n.精英;精华;中坚分子。第16题【单

18、选题】When we stayed in Paris,Jack was able to speak French Iwas.A、no sooner.thanB、not so much.asC no more.thanD、as.as【正确答案】C【答案解析】no sooner.than 一 就。not so much.as 与其说.不如说。no more.than和 一样不。第17题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-b

19、iological explanations are addressed/Allensaid.We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results,What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether

20、there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语

21、all must every merely have to barely only 一般是错误的，排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressedo 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案A。第18题【单选题】At twenty-two,he had first learned what it is to a N

22、egro.A、他22岁 时 一，生平第一次尝到了对待黑人的滋味。B、他22岁时，生平第一次懂得了如何做一个黑人。C、他22岁时，生平第一次知道了黑人意味着什么。D、他22岁时，生平第一次知道是如何对待黑人的。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A o本题解题的关键是what it is to aNegro,表示的意思是：对待黑人的滋味。第19题【单选题】Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with alot of inconveniences for the sun because they have

23、so little of it.Residents of cities like London,Copenhagen,and Amsterdam spend a lotof their winter in the dark because the days are so short,and much ofthe rest of the year in the rain.This is the reason the Mediterranean hasalways attracted them.Every summer,more than 25 million peopletravel to Me

24、diterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation.They allcome for the same reason:suniln the paragraph,cities like London,Copenhagen,and Amsterdam are m e n tio n e d.A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography andclimateB、to tell us how wealthy their residents areC、to suggest th

25、at these cities lack places of historic interest andscenic beautyD、to prove that they have got more tourism than they can handle【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该段中所列举的三个城市都具有阴冷日短的气候特点，这些不利的地理气候条件使得当地居民向往阳光充足的地方。四个选项中，选项A最接近题意。第20题解答题Many animals test their legs and totter forth only hours after they areborn,but h

26、umans need a year before they take their first,hesitant steps.Is something fundamentally different going on in human babies?Maybenot.(1)A new study shows that the time it takes for humans and allother mammals to start walking fits closely with the size of theirbrains.(2)ln past studies to develop a

27、new animal model for the brains inevents that support motor development,neurophysiologist MartinGarwicz discovered that the schedules by which ferrets and rats acquirevarious motor skills,such as crawling and walking,are strikingly similar toeach other;the progress simply happens faster for rats.Tha

28、t made themwonder how similar the timing of motor development might be amongmammals in general.(3)They compared the time between conceptionand walking in 24 species and looked at how well this durationcorrelated with a range of variables,including gestationtime,adult bodymass,and adult brain mass.As

29、 they report in this weeks issue of PNAS,brain mass accounts for the vast majority(94%)of the variance inwalking time between species.Species with larger brains,such as humans,tend to take longer to learn to walk.(4)Strikingly,a model based on adultbrain mass and walking time in the other 23species

30、almost perfectlypredicts when humans begin to walk.Weve always considered humansthe exception,Garwicz says,But in fact,we start walking at exactly thetime that would be expected from all other walking mammals.Twoother variablesgestation time and brain mass at birthalso correlatenicely with age of wa

31、lking for most animals,but not for humans.Thatmakes sense,the researchers say:Humans spend an unusually smallportion of their developmentand build an unusually small fraction oftheir brain mass-in the womb.(5)The model is able to accommodatethis quirk of human development because it uses the time it

32、 takes babiesto learn to walk from conception,not birth.(At the other extreme,animals such as horses,who have a long gestation and then walk almostimmediately after they are born,also fit the model.)Barbara Finlay,aneuroscientist at Cornell University,says the findings support theexistence of a kind

33、 of a development clock for mammals.In her ownwork,Finlay has found that various mammals have similar timetables forbrain development before birth.But she had imagined that a postnatalmilestone such as walking would be more idiosyncratic.!was surprised,she says.I thought the clock would start to fra

34、cture.It will beinteresting,she says,to see if the clock will keep time for latermilestones,such as events related to reproduction.【正确答案】一项新的研究显示，人类和其他所有哺乳动物开始行走的时间与各自的脑容量有着密切的关系。（2）在之前为支持运动神经发育的大脑活动而建立的一个新动物模型的研究中，神经生理学家Martin Garwicz发现，雪貂和小鼠获得不同运动技巧的时间表一一例如攀爬和行走一一彼此具有惊人的相似性，只不过小鼠的发育稍微快一些。（3）他们比较了

35、2 4个物种的妊娠和开始行走的时间，并且观察这段时期与一系列变量间隔之间的关系，这些变量包括怀孕时间、成年后的体积及成年后的脑容量。（4）很明显，基于其他2 3种物种的成年脑体积及行走时间所建立起来的模型，几乎可以准确地预测人类开始行走的时间。这一模型还能够适用于人类发育的突发事件，这是因为它所考虑的恰好是婴儿在妊娠期学习行走的时间，而非出生之后。第21题【单选题】Excessive weight gain doesnt do you any good.A、过分的B、扩大的C、进化的D、非常【正确答案】A【答案解析】excessive a d j.过多的，极度的；过分的。第22题【单选题】Sc

36、arcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是“不如.重要，而加scarcely之后,双重否定表

37、示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 C。第23题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第24题【单选题】Critical reading to non-fiction writing in which the author putsforth a position or seeks to make a statement.A、appliesB、identifiesC、

38、evaluatesD、reflects【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：批判的阅读适用于纪实文学写作中，作者提出一个观点或旨在作出说明。apply意为（与某人/某物）有关；有效；适用，答案选A。第25题【单选题】If someone asked you,What color is the sky?l expect that you wouldanswer,Blue.I am afraid that you would be wrong.The sky has nocolor.When we see blue,we are looking at blue sunlight.The sunlig

39、ht isshining on little bits of dust in the air.We know that there is air allaround the world.We could not breathe without air.Airplanes could notfly without air.They need air to lift their wings.Airplanes cannot fly veryhigh because as they go higher the air gets thinner.If we go far enoughaway from

40、 the earth,we find there is no air.When an airplane flies toohi g h,.A、the air will be too thin to support its wings.B、the air will become thicker.C、the air will exert pressure on itD、the air will disappear in no time【正确答案】A【答案解析1文章第二段第三句Airplanes cannot fly very highbecause as they go higher the ai

41、r gets thinner.,因此对照答案为 Ao第26题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】drilling for o il表示 钻探石油;a lot of luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为 偶然性。第27题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、d

42、isputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第28题【单选题】I dont know what to at the university,I cant make any forecastsabout my future.A、take inB、take upC、take overD、take after【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题主要考查动词短语的意义区别。根据句子中的 I cant make any forecasts about my future 可知,我不知该学什么，故选B。第29题

43、【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety,and there was a bias in his gaitwhich inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点

44、歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动 词 carry有许多含义。此处译文具体化，译作“支着第30题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles 集合，聚集；装配；收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第31题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、

45、likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第32题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑喑。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中

46、。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是“国家 ，而是指“农村。第33题【单选题】He was so angry at all she was doing he walked out.A、what,thatB、that,thatC that,whichD、what,as【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题关键短语be angry at sth.因此all后的shewas doing为定

47、语从句，修饰all。第二个空考查so.that 句型，答案应为B。第34题【单选题】How do we fix this problem?lt starts with reforming the physicianreimbursement system,remove the pressure for primary care physiciansto squeeze in more patients per hour,and reward them for optimally（最佳 士 也）managing their diseases and practicing evidence-bas

48、ed medicine.Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgivingstudent loans for those who choose primary care as a career andreconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary carephysician salaries.What suggestion does the author give in order toprovide better health c

49、are?A、Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary carephysicians.B、Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.C、Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.D、Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as theirmajor.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选Ao事实细节题。由题干中的suggestion和p

50、rovide better health care定位于第2段。文章第2段介绍的是改善基础医疗目前状况的建议：应该从改革医生的费用返还制度开始，避免基础护理医生竭力增加每小时诊治患者的数量，减少他们的压力，奖励那些能够提出最佳治疗方案和开具循证药物的医生。通过免除那些选择基础护理工作作为未来职业的学生们的助学贷款，使基础护理工作吸引更多医学院的学生，同时调和专科医生和基础护理医生之间工资存在的巨大差异，由此可得出答案为A项。第35题【单选题】What do you think of the manager of your company?Oh,he ismanager whos pleasan