2021年8月北京遗传与发育生物学研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

《2021年8月北京遗传与发育生物学研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年8月北京遗传与发育生物学研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf（61页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、【考研英语】2021年8月北京遗传与发育生物学研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Years ago we didn/t know this,but recent science that womenwho drink more than two cups of coffee are more likely to have heartdisease than those who dont.A、showedB、has shownC、will showD、is showing【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查动词时态。前几年我们不知道，最近的科学已证明，证明 的动作强调

2、对现在造成的影响，所以谓语动词用现在完成时。第2题【单选题】You don/t have to me of anything.A、transformB、upsetC、spoilD persuade【正确答案】D【答案解析】persuade说服，劝说；使某人相信；劝某人做（不做）某事。第3题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社

3、会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D（答案解析】In this context：在这种情况下；to search for areasof cooperation：寻找合作领域;mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第4题【单选题】The numbe

4、rs didnt really add up,so the accountant went back overthem.A、加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。B、数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。C、加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又拿回去了。D、数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又把它们拿回去了。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A o 本题主要考查英语短语的理解。一个词往往有许多意思，在不同的场合意思不同。went back在这里应译作“重新计算。第5题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not onl

5、y in appearancebut also in character.A、resembleB、assimilateC、followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与 相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第6题【单选题】While crossing the mountain areas,all the men had guns for protectionlest they by the local bandits.OA、be attackedB、were attackedC、must be attackedD

6、、would be attacked【正确答案】A【答案解析】le st后所接从句必须用b e 型虚拟语气。因此，选项A 是正确的。第7题【单选题】Not until the game had begun at the sports ground.A、had he arrivedB、would he have arrivedC、did he arriveD、should he have arrived【正确答案】C【答案解析】分析题目，含有否定词的部分用过去完成时;剩下的部分用一般过去时。同时否定词not until位于句首，所以选一般过去时+倒装，答案是C。第8题【单选题】the begin

7、ning of the meeting,we heard a report by Mr.Li.A、ByB、InC、AtD、On【正确答案】B【答案解析】at the beginning of意为 在 之初。句意：在会议之初我们听了李先生的报告。第9题【单选题】popular belief,the ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD、Contrfary to【正确答案】D【答案解析】As to关于。Opposite to对立/对面（方位/身

8、份/性别）。Due to因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第10题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】comfort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第11题【单选题】There are certain when you must interrupt people who are in themiddle of doing something.A、conditionsB situationsC、occas

9、ionsD、environments【正确答案】C 答案解析】conditions状况/条件/情形（与日常生活相关）。situation 形式/局面。occasion 场合/时刻。environment 环境/外界。第12题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制,约束。参考课文:为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第13题【

10、单选题】Shall I wait here for three hoursYes.Three hours to waitfor such a doctor.A、are not very long for youB、is not long enough for youC、was not long enough for youD will be too long for you【正确答案】B【答案解析】Three hours是作为一个整体来看待的，所以谓语动词用单数形式。第14题【单选题】Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing mach

11、ine she hadhad went wrong again.A、itB、it repairedC、repairedD、to be repaired【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题句型为have sth.done,she had repaired为定语从句，修饰the washing machine,C为正确答案。第15题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A、presentB preliminaryC、neglectD、necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express表 达;present提出；介绍;呈现

12、。第16题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第17题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildren/s book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginar

13、y ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach other/s bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ic

14、e cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第18题【单选题】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law.The more developed a

15、legal system becomes,the more society takesresponsibility for the discovery,control,and punishment of violent acts.In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence isrevenge.Each family group may have the responsibility for personallycarrying out judgment and punishment upon t

16、he person who committedthe offense.But in legal systems,the responsibility for revenge becomesdepersonalized and diffused.The society assumes the responsibility forprotecting individuals from violence.In cases where they cannot beprotected,the society is responsible for imposing punishment.Thefuncti

17、on of legal systems,according to the passage,is.A、to control violence within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、to free society from the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话The violence within a society iscontrolled through institutions of law 是本题的答案。第1

18、9题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第20题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆

19、虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此 外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第21题【单选题】The lawyer thought that piece of evidence was early in theinvestigation,but it turned out to be vital in convicting the criminal.mA、unchangeableB、unsuitable回C、insignificantD、important【正确答案】C【答案解析】

20、句意：在调查初期律师认为这项证据不是很重要，但后来证明，这项证据在控告罪犯时起了至关重要作用。insignificant意为 不重要的；unsuitable意为“不合适的，不适 当 的 ；unchangeable意 为 不 可 改 变 的，不变的；important意为“重要的，重大的。第22题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们

21、两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第23题【单选题】

22、She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续;从事；追赶;纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第24题【单选题】They started and.A、to dance,to singB、to dance,sangC、dance,to singD、to dance,sing【正确答案】D【答案解析】a n d连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to。第25题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mic

23、e.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第26题【单选题】The secretary and principal at the meeting now.A、are speakingB、is speakingC、were making a speechD have a speech【正确答案】B【答案解析】The secretary and principal指的是一个人，所以用单数谓语动词i S o第27题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxabo

24、xen that thechildren/s book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach other/s bases

25、 using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第28题【单选题

26、】Liu Xiang/s running career began to after he won the gold medal inOlympic Games.A、speed upB、fly awayC、give awayD、take off【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 D o 此题考查了动词短语。在此句中的take o ff的意思为 出名。而 speed up的意思为咖速”；flyaw ay的意思为“飞 走 ;give aw ay的意思为 送掉、分发。均与句子的意思不符。第29题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenge

27、s.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadn/t even made a single point.Stanleywas

28、disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词 disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第30题【单选题】The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways ofdoing t h i n g s.i s often the case

29、 in other countries.A、whatB、asC、soD、that【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo考查定语从句。a s引导非限制性定语从句，代替前面一句话。第31题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】com fort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第32题【单选题】If someone asked you,What color is the sky?l expect that you wouldanswe

30、r,Blue.I am afraid that you would be wrong.The sky has nocolor.When we see blue,we are looking at blue sunlight.The sunlight isshining on little bits of dust in the air.We know that there is air allaround the world.We could not breathe without air.Airplanes could notfly without air.They need air to

31、lift their wings.Airplanes cannot fly veryhigh because as they go higher the air gets thinner.If we go far enoughaway from the earth,we find there is no air.When an airplane flies toohi g h,.A、the air will be too thin to support its wings.B、the air will become thicker.C、the air will exert pressure o

32、n itD、the air will disappear in no time【正确答案】A（答案解析】文章第二段第三句Airplanes cannot fly very highbecause as they go higher the air gets thinner.,因此对照答案为Ao第33题【单选题】The meeting next week will be of great importance.A、to be heldB、heldC、holdingD、is held【正确答案】A【答案解析】谓语动词用了将来时态，所以选不定式作定语,表将来。第34题【单选题】To new mone

33、y the sport needs to be more entertaining.A、recurB、perceiveC、inhabitD、generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；发生；生殖；产生物理反应。第35题【单选题】The little boys face,his look of fear and desperation,his cries forhelpthe choice was made in our intrinsic love for children.A、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。B

34、、那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱使我们做出了选择。C、看一看那孩子的脸，那脸上恐惧和绝望的表情，听一听他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们拿定了主意。D、看到那孩子的脸，脸上害怕和绝望的表情，听到他那呼救的声音，我们固有的对孩子的爱就为我们做出了选择。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。原文是三个名词词组，译文为了行文的需要，加了“看一看和“听一听。第36题【单选题】On c e,it can never be forgotten.A、seenB、seingC、is seenD、have been see

35、n【正确答案】A【答案解析】分词作状语时，是用现在分词还是过去分词，要看它与句子主语的关系。在此see和i t的关系是被动的，所以用过去分词。句意：一旦见了那件东西，它就永远不会被忘记。第37题【单选题】People are being lured onto Facebook with the promise of a fun,freeservice,without realizing they/re paying for it by giving up loads ofpersonal information.Facebook then attempts to make money by s

36、ellingtheir data to advertisers that want to send targeted messages.What dowe learn about Facebook from the first paragraph?A、It is a website that sends messages to targeted users.B、It makes money by putting on advertisements.C、It provides loads of information to its users.D、It profits by selling it

37、s users personal data.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o事实细节题。本段指出，用户在脸谱网泄露了大量个人信息，而脸谱网将这些信息出售给向目标人群发送信息的广告商，以此盈利。D中的profits是原文中make money的同义转换，故为答案。第38题【单选题】In his closing remarks,the chairman expressed his thanks to all thosewho had contributed to the success of the conference.A、commentsB、speechC、criticismD lect

38、ure【正确答案】B【答案解析】remarks致辞。speech讲话，演说。参考译文：在闭幕词里，主席向所有为大会的成功举办作出过贡献的人士表示了感谢。第39题【单选题】We could see the sea quite clearly we live.A、in whichB、from whichC、from whereD、where【正确答案】C 答案解析】根据句意，题目表示的是“从我们住的地方可以清楚地看到海，这里要选择介词from。第40题【单选题】To new money the sport needs to be more entertaining.A、recurB、perceiv

39、eC、inhabitD、generate【正确答案】D【答案解析】generate使形成；发生；生殖；产生物理反应。第41题【单选题】Research shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pressure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB、associated withC、attributed toD、referred to【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的

40、是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be)associatedwith 与 有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第42题【单选题】It is important that I with Mr.Williams immediately.A、speakB、spokeC、will speakD、to speak【正确答案】A【答案解析】It is important that是主语从句的虚拟语气,从句用sb.should do的形式。第43题【单选题】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools,but criticssay that ho

41、me-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortablemixing with other people in adult l i fe.However,most parentsdont have the time or the desire to teach their children at home,soschools will continue to be where most children get their formaleducation.A、Critics also say that most parents are not

42、well qualified to teachtheir children.B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school.C、Children who are educated at home are known ashome-schoolers.D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experiencefor their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本段大意是

43、对home schooling提出了质疑，需要注意前面说到了critics say,空格处与之对应的是“Critics also say”。第44题【单选题】The number of pages in this dictionary about two thousand.A、areB、hasC、haveD、is【正确答案】D【答案解析】The number of.：的数目。视作单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。第45题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、rega

44、inedC、restrictedD contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制,约束。参考课文:为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第46题【单选题】This is rather for your father to decide than for you.A、这是你父亲的决定而不是你的决定。B、这取决于你父亲的决定而你不该决定。C、这件事情得由你父亲决定而不是你来决定。D、这并不是为你而是为你的父亲才这样决定的。【正确答案】C第47题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask t

45、hem tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe”开 处 方,开（药）。根据题意，正确答案应为Bo第48题【单选题】It is amusing that she her fathers bad temper as well as hermothers good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C和D选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句

46、意来看只有A符合题意。inherit“经遗传而得（性格、特征等）。第49题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB、sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d结束，终止；终结。第50题【单选题】On c e,it can never be forgotten.A、seenB、seingC、is seenD、have been seen【正确答案】A【答案解析】分词作状语时，是用现在分词还是过去分词,要看它与句子主语的关系。在 此see和it的关

47、系是被动的，所以用过去分词。句意：一旦见了那件东西，它就永远不会被忘记。第 51题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous university.A、honorB、appreciateC、prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】adm ire钦佩；赞美；appreciate欣赏。第 52题【单选题】The western media was astonished to see that China/s GDP byalmost 40%just in two years time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、ro

48、ared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar“高涨，猛增。根据题意，正确答案应选Co第 53题【单选题】This m a c h in e,fo r many years,is still working perfectly.A、after which I have lookedB、which I have looked afterC、that I have looked afterD、I have looked after【正确答案】B【答案解析】which I have looked after构成一个非限制性定语从句.第54题【单选题】Universities are institutio

49、ns that teach a wide variety of subjects atadvanced levels.They also carry out research work aimed _ 1_extending mans knowledge of these subjects.The emphasis given toeach of these functions varies from university to university,according tothe views of the people in _ 2 _ and according to the resour

50、cesavailable.The smaller and newer universities do not possess the staff orequipment to carry out the _ 3 _ research projects possible in largerinstitutions.But most experts agree that some research activity isessential to keep the staff and their students in touch with the latestdevelopments in the