2021届高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day 21）增强版.pdf

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1、2021高考英语词汇阅读打卡计划（Day 21）增强版-：词汇打卡复习1：complicated/*kDmplikeitid/adj.难 懂 的，复杂的Though off-puttingly complicated in detail,local taxes are in essence simple.虽 然 地 税 在 细 节 上 复 杂 得 要 命，但 在 本 质 上 却 很 简 单。2：literary/,lit（9）（rg）ri/adj.文 学 的；书 面 的；精通文学的He began to write literary compositions in English.他 开 始

2、用 英 文 创 作 大 量 的 文 学 作 品。【常 用 搭 配】literary works/reviews 文学作品/评论3：sympathy/iinpOi/n.U同 情；慰 问；赞同We expressed our sympathy for her loss.我 们 对 她 的 损 失 表 示 了 同 情。【常 用 搭 配】get sympathy from sb.得到某人的同情express/feel sympathy for sb.向某人表示体恤；对某人感到同情in sympathy with 同情;赞成【派生词】sympathetic adj.同情的4：ease/i:z/n.U轻松

3、，舒适；安逸，悠闲；v.减轻，缓和；使安心；小心缓慢地移动He passed the exam with ease.他轻而易举地通过了考试。【常用搭配】with ease熟练地；不费力地ease oneself使自己轻松at ease舒适；自由自在【派生词】easy adj.容易的5：mood/mu:d/n.C情绪，语气；心境；气氛He faced the press,initially,in a somewhat gloomy mood.他最初面对媒体时情绪有点忧郁。【常用搭配】a good/bad mood好心情；心情不好in the mood兴致勃勃be in no mood for s

4、th./to do sth.没有心情做某事6：admireLvt.钦佩;赞美2.vi.钦佩;称赞:admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极好的；值得赞扬的admires v.欣赏；羡 慕（admire的第三人称单数形式）；敬仰greatly admire 击节叹赏secret admirer 暗恋者admire at对感到羡慕admire for vt.赞赏Admire the Moonlight月光慕情（钢琴曲）respect and admire 尊重；信任7：advancevt.&vi.（使）前进,（使）发展;促进，提高，提升vt.提出，提前，预付，贷（款项等）n.前进，发展，改进，进

5、步，增长，提高，借款，预付款，贷款adj.预先的，在前的，预先做好的；预先供给的时态：advanced,advancing,advances名词:advancer近义词：n.change of location,travel,transformation,transmutation,shift,suggestion,propositionv.travel,go,move,locomote,propose,suggest,adviseadj.early,反义词：n.recede,fall back,retire,backn.middle,late,解析：advance:主要用于具体的人或物，也可

6、指科学技术和运动等。progress:指按某一既定目标前进，取得发展，目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。proceed:侧重指继续前进。moveon:非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。go:最常用词，含义宽泛而不确切，依上文确定其具体意思。8：witnessn.目击者;证人，证词；证据vt.亲眼看见，目击，作证,证明，表示，说明时态：witnessed,witnessing,witnesses近义词：n.perceiver,percipient,observer,beholder,speaker,talker,uttererv.watch,experience,u

7、ndergo,see,go through解析：look:侧看“重”的动作。see:指看见。watch:指用眼睛跟随某物，以便对每一个变化、运动等进行观察。observe:侧重以客观的态度进行观察。witness:指当场看见，亲眼看见。9：evolutionn.演变;进化;发展近义词:n.process,physical process,organic process,biological process反义词：fn.degeneration,devolution解析：development:强调通过一系列自然过程或人工方法使某物潜在或隐藏的可能性显露出来，得以实现。evolution:侧重指

8、事物由简到繁，由低级到高级的连续发展，强调变化或演变。10：harvestn.收获；产量；结果vt.收割；得到vi.收割庄稼时态：harvested,harvesting,harvests近义词：n.output,yield,consequence,effect,outcome,result,eventv.gather,garner,collect,pull together,remove,take,take away解析：crop:普通用词，侧重指农作物一次收割或一季的收成。harvest:主要指农作物或水果的收获量，有时也指收割的行为。yield:指生产物，农作物的总产量。11：infec

9、tion/infekfn/n.C感染；传染；影响；传染病Exactly which bacteria cause the infection is still unknown.到底是什么细菌引起的感染还不清楚。12：staff/sta:f/n.C&U全体职员，全体雇员，员工The boss is on good terms with his staff.老板和他的员工相处得很好。13：device/divais/n.C装置；仪器；手段；策略The report was a device used to hide rather than reveal problems.这份报告不是揭露问题而是为

10、掩盖问题而耍的花招。【常用搭配】mobile device移动设备，移动装置；行动装置14：majority/madjDriti/n.C多数The majority of my patients come to me from out of town.我的多数病人来自市区外。【常 用 搭 配】majority of大 多 数，大部分in a/the majority 占多数vast majority绝大多数15：urge/3：dj/vt.强 烈 要 求；竭 力 主 张；敦 促；力 劝；n.C强 烈 愿 望，冲动With a view to fighting against crimes onl

11、ine,the authority hosted an anti-piracy concertwith over 100 pop singers,urging fans not to buy pirated music and movies.为 了 打 击 网 上 犯 罪，该 局 与100多 位 流 行 歌 手 一 起 举 办 了 一 场 反 盗 版 音 乐 会，敦促歌迷不要购买盗版音乐和电影【常 用 搭 配】urge sb.to do sth.敦促某人做某事feel/have an urge感觉/有一种冲动二：阅读打卡复习（一）People with an impulsive persona

12、lity refer to those who tend to do things withoutconsidering the possible dangers or problems first.According to a new study by researchersat the University of Georgia,such people may be more likely to have food addiction.Thestudy found that people exhibiting impulsive behavior weren*t necessarily o

13、verweight,butimpulsiveness was related to a direct relationship with food,and therefore,less healthyweight.Food addiction has been compared to addictive drug use.Studies have linked thedopamine（多巴胺）release that occurs after tasting delicious food to the dopamine releasethat happens when people consu

14、me other addictive substances.Impulsive behavior involves several personality traits（特点）.Two of these traits,known as negative urgency and lack of perseverance,were particularly associated with foodaddiction and high BMI（身体质量指数）during the study.Negative urgency is characterized by the tendency to be

15、have impulsively whenexperiencing negative emotions.Some people might drink alcohol or take drugs.For others,it could mean eating to feel better.Lack of perseverance is when a person has a hard timefinishing hard or boring tasks.People with a lack of perseverance might have difficultyattempting to c

16、hange addictive eating behavior,which could also cause obesity.Impulsiveness might be one reason why some people eat in an addictive way despitemotivation to lose weight,“said Dr.Ashley Gearhardt,a clinical psychologist.He wasinvolved in developing the Yale Food Addiction Scale in aid of those peopl

17、e.We aretheorizing that if food addiction is really a thing,then our measure,the Yale Food AddictionScale,should be related to helping control impulsive action,n said Gearhardt.Clinical psychologist Dr.James MacKillop,whose lab was conducting the study,believes that therapies used to treat addictive

18、 drug behavior could help people who sufferfrom addictive eating habits.“Most of the programs for weight loss at this point focus on the most obvious things,which are clearly diet and exercise,v MacKillop said.It seems that managing strongdesires to eat would naturally fit in with the skills a perso

19、n would need to eat healthily.”(1)According to Paragraph 1,the result of food addiction is.A.less healthy weight B.motivation to lose weightC.negative emotions D.taking alcohol or drugs(2)How does the author introduce the two personality traits in Paragraph 4?A.By making comparisons and conclusions.

20、B.By explaining causes and effects.C.By presenting questions and answers.D.By giving definitions and examples.(3)What can be inferred about the Yale Food Addiction Scale from the text?A.It has been successfully carried out among overweight people.B.It might help some impulsive people with food addic

21、tion to lose weight.C.It will prove whether food addiction is a problem to impulsive people.D.It is theoretically a proper treatment for addictive food and drug behavior.(4)Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.Dopamine release caused by food addictionB.Food addiction compared

22、to drug useC.Impulsive personality linked to food additionD.Food addiction contributing to obesity参考答案：ADBC（二）Being less than perfectly well-dressed in a business setting can result in a feeling ofgreat discomfort that may well require treatment to eliminate.And the sad truth is that“clothing mismat

23、ches”on the job can ruin the day of the person who is wearing theinappropriate attire（着装）一and the people with whom he or she comes in contact.Offices vary when it comes to dress codes.Some businesses have very high standardsfor their employees and set strict guidelines for office attire,while others

24、 maintain a morerelaxed attitude.However,it is always important to remember that no matter what yourcompanys attitude is regarding what you wear,you are working in a business environmentand you should dress properly.Certain items may be more appropriate for evening wear thanfor a business meeting,ju

25、st as shorts and a T-shirt are better suited for the beach than for anoffice environment.Your attire should reflect both your environment and your position.Asenior vice president has a different image to maintain than that of a secretary or salesassistant.Like it or not,you will be judged by your pe

26、rsonal appearance.This is never more apparent than on dress-down days”,when what you wear can saymore about you than any business suit ever could.In fact,people will pay more attention towhat you wear on dress-down days than on a business professional”days.Thus,whendressing in“business casualv cloth

27、es,try to put some good taste into your wardrobechoices,recognize that the“real”definition of business casual is to dress just one notch（等级）down from what you would normally wear of business-professional attire days.Remember,there are borders between your career and our social life.You should dresso

28、ne way for play and another way when you mean business.Always ask yourself where youare going and how other people will be dressed when you get there.Is the final destinationthe opera,the beach,or the office?Dress properly and you will discover the truth in theprinciple that clothes make the man一and

29、 the woman.When in doubt,always misjudge onthe side of dressing slightly more traditionally than the situation demands.(1)What is the passage mainly about?A.How to dress properly in a business setting.B.A president of a company should dress differently from a secretary or sales assistant.C.The diffe

30、rences between professional and casual dress.D.Improper dress will make a person feel uncomfortable.(2)Which of the following statements is true?A.Every company has strict rules regarding office dress.B.You can wear whatever you like if your company doesnt have standards fordressing.C.You should dre

31、ss according to the business setting even when there are no fixedrules.D.In companies with relaxed rules on office dress,you cant spot a manager amongothers.(3)Which statement best describes“dress-down days”?A.We cant judge a persons taste by his clothes on dress-down days.B.Peoples clothes on dress

32、-down days dont receive much attention.C.On dress-down days,you can wear whatever you like.D.People are usually more careful about what they wear on dress-down days than onother occasions.(4)Which of the following is NOT the rule in the passage with regard to business dress?A.For a business meeting and a concert,you should dress differently.B.Remember to ask others for advice when you are not sure about what to dress.C.Think about how other guests will wear if you are invited to a dinner.D.Dress a bit traditionally if you are not sure about proper dress for a certain occasion.参考答案：ACDA