2021年4月陕西西安科技大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年4月陕西西安科技大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Its said that the Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008 will covermore events than any other Olympics did.A、holdingB、to be heldC、heldD、to be holding【正确答案】B【答案解析】hold与 the Olympic Games之间是被动关系，且2008奥运会尚未举办，应用不定式表将来第2题【单选题】If someone asked you,What color

2、is the sky?l expect that you wouldanswer,Blue.I am afraid that you would be wrong.The sky has nocolor.When we see blue,we are looking at blue sunlight.The sunlight isshining on little bits of dust in the air.We know that there is air allaround the world.We could not breathe without air.Airplanes cou

3、ld notfly without air.They need air to lift their wings.Airplanes cannot fly veryhigh because as they go higher the air gets thinner.If we go far enoughaway from the earth,we find there is no air.When an airplane flies toohi g h,.A、the air will be too thin to support its wings.B、the air will become

4、thicker.C、the air will exert pressure on itD、the air will disappear in no time【正确答案】A 答案解析1文章第二段第三句Airplanes cannot fly very highbecause as they go higher the air gets thinner.,因此对照答案为A o第3题【单选题】By the middle of the 21st century,the vast majority of the worldspopulation will be living in cities in t

5、he country.回A、other thanB、more thanC、better thanD、rather than【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词组辨析。rather than：与其（不如）；不是（而是）。句意：到二十一世纪中叶，世界上大多数人口将生活在城市而不是农村。第4题【单选题】I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long,narrowfarm.A、我有一种错觉，我是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。B、我感到仿佛是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。C、当我在开车穿过一个特别狭长的农场时产生了一种幻觉

6、。D、我仿佛产生了一种错觉，那就是我开车穿过一个极长而狭窄的农场。【正确答案】B【答案解析】had the illusion表示的是开车时的一种感觉,所以译为“我感觉仿佛这样比较好，而不直译为“错觉。第5题【单选题】One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,largefamilies are helpful.Having more children means having more workers inthe fields and someone to take care of the parents in ol

7、d age.In anindustrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not helpa family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization hasgenerally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,whichwas industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of thetwentieth centu

8、ry,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with ahigh birth rate.After World War回，Italys economy was rapidlymodernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth ratehad dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the worlds lowest.In atraditional agricultural economy,a large f a mi l y.A、ca

9、n be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 对照本段In a traditional agriculturaleconomy,large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答案是A。第6题【单选题】They plan to the run-down house in a years time.团A、reviveB、renovateC replaceD、remove【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：他们计划在

10、一年时间内翻修这所旧房子。renovate意为 修复；整修一新；revive意为“使复兴，振兴”；replace意为 放回，把 放回原处；remove意为“移开，挪开，拿走。第7题【单选题】The is expected to be passed in the next parliament.A、legislationB、toleranceC、graduateD、instrument【正确答案】A【答案解析】instrument仪器；工具；乐器；手段；器械。第8题【单选题】While crossing the mountain areas,all the men had guns for pr

11、otectionlest they by the local bandits.团A、be attackedB、were attackedC、must be attackedD、would be attacked【正确答案】A【答案解析】le st后所接从句必须用b e型虚拟语气。因此,选项A是正确的。第9题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、triumphB、respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】fe atu re特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第10题【单选题】Cost was a

12、 key in our decision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第U题【单选题】My teacher once said to me,“If you dont quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing as Im having too much fun.My thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for al

13、l myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we continue to support each other formany years to come!We can learn from the passage that.A、the author thinks writing on the Net is very easyB、the author has his first book published on the NetC、tw

14、o years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o由本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing知道作者感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第12题【单选题】The number of people invited fifty,but a

15、 number of themabsent for different reasons.A、were,wasB was,wasC、was,wereD、were,were【正确答案】C【答案解析】The number of：的数目。视作单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。a number of：许多的。所以它后面的谓语动词用复数形式。所以答案选C。第 13题【单选题】The quality of the food is health for people.A、a matter ofB、the matter ofC、no matter thatD、for the matter【正确答案】A【答案解析】答

16、案选A。a matter of.”意思为 是 的一件事 。本句意思是“食品质量是事关人民健康的大事。其他选项中的matter都没有此意。第 14题【单选题】I guessed vaguely from the hurrying to and fro in the house,thatsomething unusual was about to happen.A、我从人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去，大约猜出一件不一般的事就要发生了。B、人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去，我模模糊糊地预感到一件不寻常的事就要发生了。C、一件不寻常的事要发生了，这是我从屋子里匆匆地走来走去的人们那猜来的。D、我隐隐约约地预感到一件

17、不一般的事情要发生了，从人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去。【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这里需要注意要把the hurrying to and fro inthe house翻译在前面，这样更符合汉语的表达习惯。第15题【单选题】My d i c t i o n a r y.1 have looked for it everywhere but still it.A has lost,do not findB is missing,do not findC、has lost,have not foundD、is missing,have not found【正确答案】D【答案解析】lose是个及物动词，

18、如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A 项与C 项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是：lost;not to be found（丢失了的）,据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。第16题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正

19、确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第17题【单选题】Do you think it wise of me to do everything for my child?No,thatsyou are mistaken.A、whereB、whenC howD、what【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查表语从句。句意为：那就是你犯错误的地方。where用引导表语从句并在从句中作地点状语。第 18题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited t

20、o his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC、speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation职业；employment职业；雇用。第 19题【单选题】There are too many big things involved this.A、beforeB、forC、inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】be involved in：牵涉，涉及到，答案选C。第 20题【单选题】The world is not only hungry;it is also thirsty for water.This may seemstr

21、ange to you,since nearly 75%of the earth/s surface is covered withwater.But about 97%of this huge amount is sea-water,or salt water.Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comesfrom rivers,lakes,underground,and other sources.And we cannot evenuse all of that,because some of it i

22、s in the form of icebergs（冰山）andglaciers（冰”1）.Even worse,some of it has been polluted.Whatpercentage of the earth/s water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per centB、About 97 per centC、Exactly 3 per centD、Less than 3 per cent【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而部分以冰山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染,因而实际上人

23、类能用的水要低于3%o第21题【单选题】I shall never forget those year s I lived on the farm with thef a r m e r s,h a s a great effect on my life.A when；whoB that；whichC、which；thatD、when；which【正确答案】D【答案解析】years是表示时间的名词，用 when引导定语从句，是因为when在从句中作时间状语.第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句。第22题【单选题】Alice,you feed the bird t o d a y,?

24、But I fed it yesterday.A、do youB、will youC didntD、don/t you【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句是祈使句。祈使句并非都无主语，为了加强语气，指明向谁提出请求或命令，引起听话者的注意时,可说出主语。所以正确答案是B。第23题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答

25、案】B【答案解析】proportion部分，份儿”,指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第24题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character.A、roleB dispositionC symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character性格，品质；disposition性情。第25题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of

26、 misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protections and died young.Inthe West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that theirsouls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did n

27、ot exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bummer”(Line 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o词义理解题。本段第1句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(suirounded by reminders of misery)o 段落最后一句

28、话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bummertoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除 第1句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一 个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B符合要求。第 26题解答题The Australian political scene is dominated by two major parties thathave quite different political agendas.H

29、owever,the policies of theAustralian Labor Party and the Liberal Party have become much moredifficult to tell apart in recent years.In fact,it would be true to say thatboth parties consist of conservative,moderate and radical elements,andtherefore the general public is often perplexed about which pa

30、rty to votefor.Nonetheless,it is usual to find that an Australian will lean towardssupporting one of these two parties and remain faithful to that party forlife.The Labor Party was formed early in the twentieth century tosafeguard the interests of the common working man and to give thetrade unions p

31、olitical representation in Parliament.The Party has alwayshad strong connections with the unions,and supports the concept of awelfare society in which people who are less fortunate than others arefinancially,and otherwise,assisted in their quest for a more equitableslice of the economic pie.The prob

32、lem is that such socialist politicalagendas are extremely expensive to implement and maintain,especiallyin a country that,although comparatively wealthy,is vast and with asmall working and hence taxpaying population base.Welfare societiestend towards bankruptcy unless government spending is kept in

33、check.The Liberal Party,on the other hand,argues that the best way to ensurea fair division of wealth in the country is to allow more freedom to createit.This,in turn,means more opportunities,jobs created etc.,andtherefore more wealth available to all.Just how the poor are to share inthe distributio

34、n of this wealth(beyond being given,at least in theory,theopportunity to create it)is,however,less well understood.Practice,ofcourse,may make nonsense of even the best theoretical intentions,andoften the less politically powerful are badly catered for undergovernments implementing free-for-all polic

35、ies.lt is no wonder thatgiven the two major choices offered them,Australian voters areincreasingly turning their attention to the smaller political parties,whichclaim to offer a more balanced swag of policies,often based around onemajor current issue.Thus,for instance,at the last election there was

36、theNo Aircraft Noise Parry,popular in city areas,and the Green Party,whichis almost solely concerned with environmental issues.TRUE/FALSEl.According to the author,theories do not always work inpractice.2.Radical groups are only found within the LaborParty.3.Welfare-based societies invariably become

37、bankrupt.4.SomeAustralian voters are confused about who to vote for.5.The smallerparties are only concerned about the environment.【正确答案】1.T2.F3.F4.T5.F第27题【单选题】Why didnt you buy a new carI would have bought one if Ienough money.A、hadB、have hadC、would haveD、had had【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有

38、 。第28题【单选题】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives towardaggression in the human species.Natural impulses of anger,hostility,andterritoriality（守卫士也盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence.These are all qualities that humans share with animals.Aggression is akind of innat

39、e（天 生 的）survival mechanism,an instinct forself-preservation,that allows animals to defend themselves from threatsto their existence.But,on the other hand,human violence showsevidence of being a learned behavior.In the case of human aggression,violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct.The man

40、y expressionsof human violence are always conditioned by social conventions thatgive shape to aggressive behavior.In human societies violence has asocial function:It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of socialorder.Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing thepowers of

41、 violence.We will look at the ritual and ethical（道德上的）patterns within which human violence has been directed.Humanviolence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in t hat.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed

42、against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavior。可以知道本题的答案应该就在本段的后面部分。接下来的第二句话即说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of humanviolence are always conditioned by social conventions that giveshape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第29题【单选题】We have a agreement with

43、her.A、uniformB、versionC、verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal 口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的。第30题【单选题】Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正确答案】D【答案解析】comply w ith服从,遵从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自的行为规范。第31题【单选题】A pretext was

44、the last thing that Hastings was likely to want.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。that Hastings was likely to want是一个that引导的定语从句，是对the last thing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第32题【单选题】After Y

45、ang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,ourastronauts desire to do is walk in space.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：杨利伟成功环绕地球后，我们的宇航员所要做的就是太空行走。当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。第33题【单选题】We are so used to our life on the s

46、urface of the earth that it can be quitean effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take forgranted.Because we can feel that things are heavy,we think of weightas being a fixed quality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If youcould take a one-pound packet of butter 4,00

47、0 miles out from the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.We find it hard to break freefrom ideas connected with living on the earth be c a us e.A、it demands too great an effort for us to do so.B、we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas.C、we have proved that those

48、ideas are correct.D、we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on theearth.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题抓住问题的关键词break freefrom,摆脱 的意思。We are so used to our life on the surfaceof the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to breakfree of all the ideas that we take for granted.这是第一句话，

49、so.th a t,如 止 匕 以致于。be familiar with 与 be used to 是同义替换，前者表示熟悉，后者表示习惯，所以答案就得出来是Bo第34题【单选题】Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are eitherdriven out of business or to cash-only practices,further contributing tothe decline of primary care.Medical students arent blind to this scenar

50、io.They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primarycare.The recent numbers show that since 1997,newly graduated USmedical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by50%,This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed withpatients without regular doctor