2021年9月北京大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年 9 月北京大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Cohen doesnt worry much about students using their courses for evilA、thinksB、advicesC、suggestionsD、purposes【正确答案】D【答案解析】Cohen并没有对学生利用该课程实施恶意行为有太多担心。Think：想，认 为;advice：建 议;suggestion：建议；purpose：目的，意图。第2题【单选题】today,he would get there by Friday.A、Would

2、he leaveB、Was he leavingC、Were he to leaveD、If he leaves【正确答案】C【答案解析】这是虚拟语气的倒装形式，把if去掉，助动词提前。第3题【单选题】Northern Europeans are willing to pay a lot of money and put up with alot of inconveniences for the sun because they have so little of it.Residents of cities like London,Copenhagen,and Amsterdam spen

3、d a lotof their winter in the dark because the days are so short,and much ofthe rest of the year in the rain.This is the reason the Mediterranean hasalways attracted them.Every summer,more than 25 million peopletravel to Mediterranean resorts and beaches for their vacation.They allcome for the same

4、reason:sun!ln the paragraph,cities like London,Copenhagen,and Amsterdam are m e n tio n e d.A、to show that they are not good cities in terms of geography andclimateB、to tell us how wealthy their residents areC、to suggest that these cities lack places of historic interest andscenic beautyD、to prove t

5、hat they have got more tourism than they can handle【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该段中所列举的三个城市都具有阴冷日短的气候特点，这些不利的地理气候条件使得当地居民向往阳光充足的地方。四个选项中，选项A最接近题意。第4题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006/s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer

6、players are likely to have been born in the earliermonths of the year than in the later months.If you then examined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phen

7、omenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astrological signs confer superiorsoccer skills,b)winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above

8、.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probably meansA、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第2段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，“冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命等等。本段中的mania一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有“soccer m a d,意思是对足球痴迷

9、、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近,即 疯狂。因此正确答案是Bo第5题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】u n til在否定句中表示的意思是“直到.才 ；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思，所以比

10、较恰当的用法应该是B项。A项虽然有“直到的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第6题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A cleverB savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的;机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第7题【单选题】Egypt,wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus,is the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家

11、赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 Ao wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式,其余部分作其宾语从句。第8题【单选题】Is there here?”No,Bob and Tim have asked for leave/A、anybodyB everybodyC somebodyD、nobody【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 此题容易误选A,认为这是一般疑问句，要

12、 用 anybodyo其实此题应选B,主要与上下文的语境有关。全文语境为：“大家都到齐了吗？“没有，Bob和 Tim两人请假了。第9题【单选题】Do you think it wise of me to do everything for my child?No,thatsyou are mistaken.A、whereB、whenC、howD、what【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查表语从句。句意为：那就是你犯错误的地方。where用引导表语从句并在从句中作地点状语。第10题【单选题】On October 19,1911,Amundsen set out from his base in Ba

13、y of Whales,Antarctica,with four companions（同伴）,52 dogs and four sleds.Hissuccess in reaching the South Pole was aided by careful planning.His useof sled dogs to carry supplies also helped.Amundsen and his men,alongwith 11 surviving dogs,made it back to the base on January 25,1912,quicker than expec

14、ted.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Came up with the idea of reaching the South PoleB、An important race on Amundsen/s way to his polar career in theearly stageC Armed to the teeth,Amundsen finished his trip to the South PoleD、Amundsen got a great achievement in the field of polar expedition100

15、years ago【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 此段主要讲述了 Amundsen出行的状况及整个过程，包括对他一行成员的交代、设备的介绍、过程的简单介绍以及结果。完整讲述了他登陆南极的情况。第11题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。

16、D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical control of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制”，这样译太费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作“用化学方法控制昆虫。第12题【单选题】“The independence created by philosophical insight isin myopinionthe mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialistand a real seeker afte

17、r truth/Einstein wrote in 1944.And he was anaccomplished musician.The interplay between music and math is wellknown.Einstein would furiously play his violin as a way to think througha knotty physics problem.Today,universities have produced millions ofphysicists.There aren/t many jobs in science for

18、them,so they go to WallStreet and Silicon V alley to apply their analytical skills to morepracticaland rewardingefforts.What does the author tell us aboutphysicists today?A、They tend to neglect training in analytical skills.B、They are very good at solving practical problems.C、They attach great impor

19、tance to publishing academic papers.D、They often go into fields yielding greater financial benefits.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 D o 推理判断题。根据题干中的关键词physicists today定位到文中第3 段 第 2 句。该处说现在大学培训出来的数以百万计的物理学家们转向华尔街和硅谷，把他们的分析技能应用到更实用也更有回报的工作中，故 选 Do文中只是说了爱因斯坦接受过多年的哲学学习，具有独立分析思考问题的能力，但并没说现在的物理学家缺乏分析技巧方面的训练，故排除A；文中说的是

20、他们会把自己的分析技巧应用到更实用的工作中，故 排 除 B,他们非常善于解决实际问题。文中只是说了爱因斯坦那时候发表论文要容易一些,而现在大量的论文被忽视，排 除 C,他们非常重视发表学术论文。第13题【单选题】Petrol is manufactured from the oil we take out of ground.A、crudeB rawC、roughD、original【正确答案】A【答案解析】crude简陋粗糙的/天然的/粗鲁的。raw未煮熟的/未加工的。rough崎岖的，不光滑的/粗鲁的/（气候海面）狂暴的/概略的。original最初的/原文的/新颖独创的。第 14题【单选

21、题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开（药）。根据题意，正确答案应为B。第 15题【单选题】The decline in moral standards,which has long concerned social analysts,has at last the attention of average A

22、mericans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、captured【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格 后 的 名 词attention搭 配 并 符 合 题 意 的 只 有 一 个。capture 捕获，吸 引（注意力）。根据题意，正确答案应选Do第16题【单选题】Not until the game had begun at the sports ground.A、had he arrivedB、would he have arrivedC、did he arriveD、should he have arriv

23、ed【正确答案】C【答案解析】分析题目，含有否定词的部分用过去完成时；剩下的部分用一般过去时。同时否定词not until位于句首，所以选一般过去时+倒装，答案是C。第17题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第18题【单选题】He is always telling lies,so most people his promis

24、ed withcomplete disbelief.A、look outB、look afterC look intoD、look on【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本题考查词组。look on意为 看待，旁观。第19题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their o

25、wn chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehe

26、lping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第20题【单选题】It was fire oclock in the afternoon

27、they climbed up to the top ofthe mountain.A、sinceB、whenC、thatD、until【正确答案】B【答案解析】此句为一主从复合句。“when引导状语从句,若看作强调结构，应在fire前加at。第21题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absen t缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第22题【单选题】Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要

28、的C、初步的D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable a d j.更好的，更可取的；更合意的。第23题【单选题】Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known,Flowers andYeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops andplants.Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able tobloom again,providing much

29、 needed food in the poorer countries of theworld.The attitude of the author towards the research project is.A positive.B negative.C、suspicious.D、indifferent.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。作者在本段中对二人研究的结果给予了展望，态度是积极的。所以，选择A。第24题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【

30、答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第25题【单选题】Home heating,which accounts for less than 7 percent of a ll energyconsumed in the U.S.,has had a commendable（值得赞扬的）efficiencyrecord:from 1978 to 1997,the amount of fuel consumed for thispurpose declined 44 percent despite a 33 percent increase in thenumber of housing

31、units and an increase in house size.The U.S.Department of Energy,however,forecasts mat energy used in homeheating will rise by 14 percent over the next two decades.That rise issmall considering an expected 21 percent increase in the number ofhouses and the trend toward larger houses.According to-par

32、agraph 3,energy consumed in home heating over the next two decades willincrease by.A、33 percentB 31 percentC、21 percentD、14 percent【正确答案】D【答案解析】该题问的是：根据本段，在今后2 0 年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加多少?第三段有这么一句话：然而，美国能源部预测，在今后2 0 年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加 14%o第26题【单选题】It is amusing that she her fathers bad temper as well as hermothe

33、r/s good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C 和 D 选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A 符合题意。inherit经遗传而得（性格、特征等）。第27题【单选题】popular belief,the ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD、Contrary to【正确答案】D【答案解析】As to关于。Opposite to对

34、立/对面（方位/身份/性别）。Due to 因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第28题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第29题【单选题】We talked of our plans to wed and start a family,once we were settled inLos Angeles,and we listened to the rain.A、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚

35、，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，外头还下着雨。B、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨声。C、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨声。D、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外头的雨声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本题考查句子中并列动词的翻译。to wed and start a family,once we were settled in Los Angeles是 plan的同位语，而句子的主干是两个并列的动词，Wetalked of our plans an

36、d we listened to the rain.汉语中与之相对的是“一面，一面第30题【单选题】The clever boy made a hole in the wa l l,h e could seewas going on inside house.A、which;whatB、through which;whatC、through that;whatD、what;that【正确答案】B【答案解析】through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语.What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语.第31题【单选题】

37、Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildrens book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhe

38、re,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach others bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，

39、Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第32题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的；essential基本的；本质的。第33题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except l

40、ooking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadn/t even made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、ten

41、nis gameC、marathon gameD football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第34题【单选题】On behalf of all of your American guests,I wish to thank you for theincomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famousthroughout the world.A、我谨代表你们

42、所有的美国客人向你们的无可比拟的盛情款待表示感谢。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。B、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的闻名世界的无可比拟的盛情款待。C、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。D、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界，果然名不虚传。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题考查的知识点为句子结构。这一句较长，先说“向你们表示感谢，停顿一下，再说 感谢你们的 ”,而不直接说 感谢你们的 。第35题【单选题】I felt so bad

43、all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldnt faceday like that.A、otherB、anotherC、the otherD、others【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。指在未来的日子中的一天，用 another。句意：我昨天整整一天都感到很糟糕，以至于我今天早晨决定我不会再面对那样的一天。第36题【单选题】The audience waited in silence while their aged speakersearched among his notes for the figures he coul

44、d not remember.A respectiveB respectC、respectfulD、respectable【正确答案】C【答案解析】respective各自的。respect尊敬/方面。respectful殷勤的/有礼的。respectable高尚的/令人尊敬的。第37题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解

45、析】答案选Bountil在否定句中表示的意思是“直到才 ；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思，所以比较恰当的用法应该是B项。A 项虽然有“直到的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第38题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓;B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源；发生；起航。第39题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical ch

46、ange of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的；essential基本的；本质的。第40题【单选题】Dont your health.A、recommendB enterC slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第 41题阅读理解无解析 The word protection is no longer taboo（禁忌语）This shortsentence,uttered by French President Nic

47、olas Sarkozy late last month,may have launched a new era in economic history.Why?For decades,Western lectern leaders have believed that lowering trade barriers andtariffs was a natural good.Doing so,they reasoned,would lead togreater economic efficiency and productivity,which in turn wouldimprove hu

48、man welfare.Championing free trade thus became a moral,not just an economic,cause.These leaders,If course,weren/t acting outof unselfishness.They knew their economies were the most competitive,so they/d profit most from liberalization.And developing countriesfeared that their economies would be swam

49、ped by swamped by superiorWestern productivity.Today,however,the tables have turned-thoughfew acknowledge it.The West continues to preach free trade,butpractices it less and less.Asia,meanwhile,continues to plead for specialprotection but practices more and more free trade.That/s why Sarkozyswords w

50、ere so important:he finally injected some honesty into the tradedebate.The truth is that large parts of the West are losing faith in freetrade,though few leaders admit it.Some economists are more honest.Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge that protectionistarguments are returning,I