2021年5月吉林大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年5月吉林大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】A powerful indictment of America/s disregard of ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主

2、要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Silent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第2题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到

3、这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神,让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句,修饰frankness。I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第3题【单选题】There

4、 is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第4题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第5题【单选题】However short the work week becomes,work

5、 is still the most importantpart of life.We do not work to get leisure and the pleasures leisurebrings us;rather,we use leisure wisely so that work itself can becomeawarding and enjoyable.The feeling of success at doing ones daily workwhether it is a job,maintaining a home,or going to school depends

6、largely on coming to it each day with fresh energy and activeinterest.How does the author look at work and leisure?A、We work hard so that we can enjoy more leisure.B、We enjoy leisure so that we can come back to work with freshenergy.C、Leisure can bring us a lot of pleasures that work can not.D、The s

7、uccess of work has little to do with how we spend our leisuretime.【正确答案】B【答案解析 从末尾句(The feeling of success at doing onesdaily work whether it is a job,maintaining a home,or goingto school depends largely on coming to it each day with freshenergy and active interest.)可以得出，B 项正确。第6题【单选题】On the afterno

8、on of that eventful day,I stood on the porch,dumb,expectant.A、那是一个多事的下午，我怀着期待的心情，一声不响地站在门廊里。B、在那个多变故的下午，我怀着期待的心情，一声不响地站在门廊里。C、在那个有重要意义的下午，我一声不响，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里。D、那是一个有事的下午，我一声不响，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本题考查的知识点为理解原意。一个词往往有许多意思，在不同的场合意思不同。eventful在这里应译作“有重要意义的；dumb在这里不是强调她不能说话，而是说她没有说什么，所以译作“一声不

9、响；expectant在汉语里很难找到相应的形容词，所以译作“怀着期待的心情，用作状语。第7题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神,让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这

10、样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句,修饰frankness。I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第8题【单选题】Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable a d j.更 好 的,更 可

11、取 的;更 合 意的。第9题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildren/s book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff

12、,another kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach others bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o事实细节题。根据关键词

13、锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，M arian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第10题【单选题】In 1994,United States Customs seized 204,391 pounds of cocaine,559,286 pounds of marijuana and 2,577 pounds of heroin.Just howmuch actually flows into the country is anyone/s guess.Some Customsofficials estimate that only 10

14、percent of the drugs coming into thecountry are ever seized.In Miami,the District Attorney（检察长）won/teven prosecute small fry.Its got to be over five kilos of cocaine,above akilo of heroin and more than 5,000 pounds of marijuana or its notsomething that were going to stop the presses on/says Tom Cash

15、,aretired agent.Which of the following could best replace the expression“small fry“in the paragraph?A、Small dogsB、Small sheep dogsC、Small smugglersD、Small ringleaders【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。习语small fry为“不重要的任务的意思。从上下文可知，本处指C。第 口 题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sotha

16、t we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句虽然用了连词w hile,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因 此while可译为“虽然。此句中 的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥 。第12题【单选题】

17、The ISU won/t finally approve the new system until it meets in June butalready UK Sport,the British Government/s sports body,has expressedreservations.I remain to be convinced that the random selectionsystem would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethicalsport is looking for,says Jer

18、ry Bingham,UK Sport/s head of ethics（伦51）.The attitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposedby ISU can be best described as.A、indifferentB、reservedC、enthusiasticD、positive【正确答案】B【答案解析】根据本段第一句话可知英国对他们提出的新规则是持保留态度的。第13题【单选题】My teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood

19、 thateverything has a name.A、我的老师和我相处了好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。B、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，我的老师和我相处了好几个星期。C、老师教了我好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。D、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字之前，老师教了我好几个星期。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查before的译法。第 14题【单选题】To protect America/s rivers and streams from excessive industrialpollution and to guard wildlife from t

20、he depredations of man.A、保护美国的江河，使之免受过分的工业污染并保护野生动物不受人类的掠夺。B、保护美国的河流，使之不受过分的工业污染，并保护野生动物不受人类的掠夺。C、保护美国的江河，使之受不到过分的工业污染并保护野生动物不被人类掠夺。D、保护美国的江河，使之免受过分的工业污染和野生动物不被人类掠夺。【正确答案】A【答案解析】protect.from.和guard.from.”同义,均为 保护 免遭第 15题【单选题】The teacher insisted that we all back by two oclock.A、beB、to beC、would beD

21、shall be【正确答案】A【答案解析】insist在这句话中表示坚持某种意见，所以从句需要用虚拟语气，谓 语 动 词 用should+动词原形的形式，should可以省略。第16题【单选题】Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD observe【正确答案】D【答案解析】comply with服从，遵从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自的行为规范。第 17题【单选题】C

22、ost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第 18题【单选题】Thirty years ago,most teenagers had bicycles,but now they arecomparatively rare._ 1 _ motor scooters are much more common._ 2 _ this may seem a sign of progress but _ 3 _ the chang

23、e is notnecessarily for the better.l.At the other end On the contrary Onthe other hand In addition2.A.At first sight B.At the beginning C.In the first viewD.From the first3.A、absolutelyB、actuallyC、surelyD、definitely【正确答案】B【答案解析】actually,事实上，实际上。这道题考察学生对文章的理解和对词义的掌握。作者说乍一看这是进步，但事实上不是这样，有转折之意。A,absolu

24、tely,绝对的；C,surely,的确的；Dz definitely,明确地。第19题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第20题【单选题】This cloth wont shrin

25、k when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink收缩；畏缩；sm aller较小，更小的。第21题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A、us from goingB、us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与encourage互为反义词。英语中说 鼓励某人做某事 时使用encourage sb

26、.to do sth.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb.to do sth.,这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第22题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】pr。p

27、。rti。n部分，份儿，指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第23题【单选题】The book last month sells well.A、publishedB、publishingC、to be publishedD、being published【正确答案】A【答案解析】题意：上月出版的那本书卖得很好。上个月出版的书，表示的是已经完成的动作，用过去分词published,相当于 which was publishedo第24题【单选题】Wh

28、y didn/t you buy a new carI would have bought one if Ienough money.A、hadB、have hadC、would haveD、had had【正确答案】D（答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有 。第25题【单选题】John got beaten in the g a m e,h a d been expected.A、asB、thatC、whatD、who【正确答案】A【答案解析】as可以引导非限制性定语从句，而that不可以。what不用于定语从句，who也不用于指事情。第26题【单选题】I particu

29、larly want to pay tribute,not only to those who prepared themagnificent dinner,but also to those who have provided the splendidmusic.A、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。B、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。C、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。D、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那

30、些为我们提供美好音乐的人。【正确答案】A【答案解析】虽然原文只重复介词t o,译文还是要重复动词 赞扬；此外原文provide 一词比较笼统，译文用“演奏一词更为合适。第27题【单选题】The secretary and principal at the meeting now.A、are speakingB、is speakingC、were making a speechD have a speech【正确答案】B【答案解析】The secretary and principal指的是一个人，所以用单数谓语动词iSo第28题【单选题】Roxaboxen is based on the tr

31、ue story of a group of children,growing upin the Arizona desert.There children can be a bit wild and much free,and they play outside from dawn to dusk.The children discover themake-believe（虚假的）town,built on the hill across from theirneighborhood.The town,called Roxaboxen,becomes the center of theirp

32、lay as the children grow,but the story is not just about the time spentin Roxaboxen as young children.More than that,this book is about theway that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow olderand become a part of who we are.It is about the way that it helps us togrow into the adults t

33、hat we become.What does the book/s nameRoxaboxen refer to?A、A child.B、A library.C、A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 D。查找细节题。短文本段中明显一句话提到，The town,called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第29题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have p

34、acked lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably

35、getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan/s daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers an

36、d pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故选项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第30题【单选题】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family,but realized his fatherwas very old,an

37、d thought perhaps he should go to him.He had not seenhim since that graduation day.Before he could make arrangements tosee his father,he received a telegram telling him his father had passedaway,and willed all of his possessions to his son.He needed to comehome immediately and take care things.When

38、he arrived at his fathershouse,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young manarrived home,he fel t.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第31题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC、gath

39、erD restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles 集合，聚 集;装 配;收 集;gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第32题【单选题】People suspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted to killhis wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan entered his oldhouse and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.His estranged wifeheard noises,

40、came downstairs and was also attacked,but managed toescape.Seven months after the murder,a jury concluded that Lucan hadkilled the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny b e c a u s e.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady L

41、ucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 因果关系题。对 照 本 段 Peoplesuspected thatLucky,as he was called by friends,wanted tokill his wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan enteredhis old house and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.本来是要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。第

42、33题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓;B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源；发生；起航。第34题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A、us from goingB、us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与encourage互为反义词。英语中说

43、 鼓励某人做某事 时使用encourage sb.to do sth.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb.to do sth.,这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第35题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的；机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第36题【单选题】Drug

44、 use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第37题【单选题】Many businessmen attended the Boao Forum(博鳌论坛)because theyknew what from the

45、 forum.A、to getB、to be gotC、gotD getting【正确答案】A【答案解析】英语中，许多动词(如know,decide,tell sb.,showsb.等)后可接疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式短语的结构来作宾语。题中 knew what to get 相当于 knew what they would get。第38题【单选题】The building now will be finished in ten days.A、buildingB、to be builtC、being builtD、built【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：现在正在建的楼十天后完工。表示正在进

46、行，用现在分词，因为是被建，所以选C。being built相当于 which is being builto第 39题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的；机灵的,精制的；心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第 40题【单选题】The clever boy made a hole in the wa l l,h e could seewas going on inside house.A、which;wha

47、tB through which;whatC、through that;whatD、what;that【正确答案】B【答案解析】through which引导定语从句，through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语.What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语.第41题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work o

48、ut【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第42题【单选题】Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large opensquares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带

49、状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第43题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absent 缺少的；deficient不

50、足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第44题【单选题】If someone asked you,What color is the sky?l expect that you wouldanswer,Blue.I am afraid that you would be wrong.The sky has nocolor.When we see blue,we are looking at blue sunlight.The sunlight isshining on little bits of dust in the air.We know that there is air allaround th