2021年11月北京中科院理化技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

《2021年11月北京中科院理化技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年11月北京中科院理化技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf（64页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、【考研英语】2021年月北京中科院理化技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的;机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第2题【单选题】Our neighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in s

2、hortB、in secretC、in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain“白白地，徒劳。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第3题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论；辩论会;dispute辩论;争吵。第4题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag a

3、t Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto ba

4、nknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语:一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另一个就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第5题

5、【单选题】In this world of change and complexity,the need for information is ofgreatest importance.Those people who have accurate,reliableup-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems,the criticalproblems of their business,social and family life,will survive andsucceed Knowledge is power may we

6、ll be the truest saying and accessto information may be the most critical requirement of all people.We canlearn from the paragraph t hat.A it is necessary to obtain as much knowledge as possibleB people should make the best use of the information accessibleC、we should realize the importance of accum

7、ulating informationD、it is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficiently【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段作者指出：当今世界多变、复杂，信息对人至关重要。人们要学会利用准确、可靠、最新的信息来解决日常问题及他们工作和社会交往、家庭生活中的重大问题，只有这样的人才能生存、才能成功。知识就是力量，获取信息是对所有人的最重要的要求从该段中我们得知 D 项it is of vital important to acquire neededinformation efficiently（有效地获

8、取所需信息是至关重要的）为正确答案。而A项只强调信息的量；B项强调充分利用所获得的信息，而原文强调的是“需要”信息；C项强调应该意识到积累信息的重要性，这在该段中并未提及。第6题【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety,and there was a bias in his gaitwhich inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又

9、总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动 词 carry有许多含义。此处译文具体化，译作“支着第7题【单选题】Tom,a near-sighted young man,went on a blind date with a girl.The twowere satisfied with each other.And they exc

10、hanged their telephonenumbers.What can we learn about Tom?A Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl.C Tom was blind.D、Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfiedwith each other可知,相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，

11、所以 A 选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这是汤姆第几次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提及。第8题【单选题】The numbers didnt really add up,so the accountant went back overthem.A、加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。B、数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。C、加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又拿回去了。D、数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又把它

12、们拿回去了。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题主要考查英语短语的理解。一个词往往有许多意思，在不同的场合意思不同。went back在这里应译作“重新计算。第9题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来

13、给新游乐公园腾地方。第10题【单选题】My d i c t i o n a r y.1 have looked for it everywhere but still it.A、has lost,do not findB、is missing,do not findC、has lost,have not foundD is missing,have not found【正确答案】D【答案解析】lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A项与C项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是:lost;not to be found（丢失了的）,据此，第一空缺处应填入i

14、s missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。第11题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A、presentB、preliminaryC、neglectD、necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express表达;p resen t提出;介绍；呈现。第12题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A

15、、resembleB、assimilateC followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与.相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第13题【单选题】Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of theirresponses to the current crisis,working together and supporting oneanother through the early months of unemployment

16、.Todays economiccrisis could well generate a similar number of couples whoserelationships have been irreparably（无法弥补地）ruined.So it is onlywhen the economy is healthy again that well begin to see just how manybroken families have been created.What can be inferred from the lastparagraph?A、A stable fam

17、ily is the best protection against poverty.B、Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.C、Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships.D、The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选Do推理判断题。最后一段指出，目前的经济危机极有可能会使得这些家庭分崩离析，无法弥补。唯有等到经济再次稳健之后我们才能发现多少家庭在此过程中支离破碎。由此可见，

18、经济的复苏将会见证更高的离婚率，故答案为D o C“很少有夫妻能够经受得起经济危机的考验属于过度推断，可以排除。A和B文章皆未提及。第14题【单选题】Dont your health.A、recommendB enterC slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第15题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she

19、had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The

20、 money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she ga

21、ve her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】0nly是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,0

22、00,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第16题【单选题】Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the otherperson to answer questions and have no right to inquire about hispersona

23、l secrets.Unless the person really hates beinginterviewed,he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him.A This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well.C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting.D、Both of you need time to get to kn

24、ow each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid,选项中this fear就是对这种担心的补充，这种担心是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问自己。第17题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their o

25、wn chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehe

26、lping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第18题【单选题】Your hair want s.Youd better have it

27、 done tomorrow.团A cutB to cut 1 3C、cuttingD、being cut【正确答案】C【答案解析】英语中有一些动词可跟主动形式的宾语表示被动含义，如：want,need,此时的主语一般为物；这些动词后面也可跟不定式的被动形式。第19题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked mos

28、t of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help other

29、African Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB she gave her money to African

30、AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方,接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she

31、 had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第20题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身

32、材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman,译成汉语可放在句首。a farcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf是狼的意思，“s

33、ea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作 海怪比较贴切。第21题【单选题】On a September day in 1991,two Germans were climbing the mountainsbetween Austria and Italy.High up on a mountain pass,they found thebody of a man lying on the ice.At that height（10z499 feet,or 3,200meters）,the ice is usually permanent,but 1991

34、had been an especiallywarm year.The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so thebody had come to the surface.It was lying face downward.Theskeleton（骨架）was in perfect condition,except for a wound in the head.There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes.Thehands were still h

35、olding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feetthere were very simple leather and cloth boots.Nearby was a pair ofgloves made of tree bark（树皮）and a holder for arrows.What can beinferred from paragraph 2?A、The Iceman lived a poor life.B、The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.C、The Ic

36、eman was struck dead from behind.D、The Iceman was killed while working.【正确答案】B【答案解析】推理判断的答案不会偏离主题，但答案在文章中肯定没有。长选项可以作为答案的参考。第22题【单选题】We cant undertake that you will make a profit.A、requireB、promiseC promoteD、doubt【正确答案】B【答案解析】undertake承担，保证；promise允诺，许诺。第23题【单选题】He suggested the person referred put i

37、nto prison.A、isB beC、to beD、should be【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。referred t o过去分词作定语，be putinto prison是宾语从句的谓语部分。学生由于粗心，容易误选B或者Do第24题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC、gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assem bles集合，聚集；装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第25题【单选题】It is a wise father that knows hi

38、s own child,but today a man can boosthis paternal(fatherly)wisdomor at least confirm that hes the kids dadAll he needs to do is shell out$30 for paternity testing kit(PTK)at hislocal drugstoreand another$120 to get the results.Mo re than 60,000people have purchased the PTKs since they first become a

39、vailablewithout prescriptions last years,according to Doug Fogg,chief operatingofficer of Identigene,which makes the over-the-counter kits.More thantwo dozen companies sell DNA tests directly to the public,ranging inprice from a few hundred dollars to more than$2500.In paragraphs 1and 2,the text sho

40、ws PTK s.A、easy availabilityB、flexibility in pricingC、successful promotionD、popularity with households【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 段落主旨题。本文开篇提出All heneeds to do is shell out$30 for paternity testing kit(PTK)at hislocal drugstoreand another$120 to get the results?,指出了PTK这一测试的普遍性，第 2 段也跟进补充说明PTK测试的普遍性，所以A 的内容符

41、合原文。第26题【单选题】In this world of change and complexity,the need for information is ofgreatest importance.Those people who have accurate,reliableup-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems,the criticalproblems of their business,social and family life,will survive andsucceed Knowledge is powe

42、r may well be the truest saying and accessto information may be the most critical requirement of all people.We canlearn from the paragraph t hat.A、it is necessary to obtain as much knowledge as possibleB、people should make the best use of the information accessibleC、we should realize the importance

43、of accumulating informationD、it is of vital importance to acquire needed information efficiently【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段作者指出：“当今世界多变、复杂，信息对人至关重要。人们要学会利用准确、可靠、最新的信息来解决日常问题及他们工作和社会交往、家庭生活中的重大问题，只有这样的人才能生存、才能成功。知识就是力量，获取信息是对所有人的最重要的要求。从该段中我们得知 D 项“it is of vital important to acquire neededinformation effic

44、iently（有效地获取所需信息是至关重要的）为正确答案。而A项只强调信息的量；B项强调充分利用所获得的信息，而原文强调的是“需要”信息；C项强调应该意识到积累信息的重要性，这在该段中并未提及。第27题【单选题】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quitean effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take forgranted.Because we can feel that things are heavy

45、,we think of weightas being a fixed quality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If youcould take a one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.How much would four poundsof tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of

46、theearth?A、1 pound.B、2 pounds.C、3 pounds.D、4 pounds.【正确答案】A 答案解析 本题问的是一磅茶如果被带出离地球表面4000英里的地方，重量会是多少？4000这个数字比较关键，因为在本段最后一句中出现了这个词，一看该句If you could takea one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth,itwould weigh only a quarter of a pound.只是把名词换了一下，很显然答案就是变成原来重量的四分之一，因此正确答案是Ao第28题【单选题】My

47、 d ic t io n a r y.1 have looked for it everywhere but still it.A、has lost,do not findB is missing,do not findC、has lost,have not foundD、is missing,have not found【正确答案】D【答案解析】lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A项与C项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是：lost;not to be found（丢失了的）,据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填

48、使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。第29题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A resembleB assimilateC followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与.相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第30题【单选题】All that can be eaten eaten up.A、are beingB、has been

49、C、had beenD、have been【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been.关系代词that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。第31题【单选题】My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested that he_ there.A、not wentB won/t goC not goD、not to go【正确答案】C【答案解析】suggest后面的从句用sb.should do的形式，should可以省略。第32题【单选题】Central heating became

50、 popular only after the Civil War.Typically,coalburning furnaces（火炉）fueled the early systems.Natural gas haddeveloped into the leading fuel by 1960.Its acceptance resulted in partfrom its wide uses.Because it comes primarily from U.S.and Canadianfields,natural gas is also less vulnerable（脆弱的）than oi