2021年7月山东轻工业学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年7月山东轻工业学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认

2、为蜘蛛是昆虫；此外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第2题【单选题】We have great differences today.What brings us together is that we havecommon interests which transcend those differences.A、现在我们有很大的分歧。但使我们走到一起的，是我们有跨越这些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些不同的共同利益。C、今天我们有巨大的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们来到一

3、起的，是我们有超过这些不同的共同兴趣。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。great differences在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧”的意思；interests在本句中不是表示“兴趣，而是表示双方之间共同的利益。第3题【单选题】A powerful indictment of Americas disregard of ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴

4、涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Silent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第4题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation wh

5、ich clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutua

6、l benefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第5题【单选题】Facing growing costs and shrinking tax,the government is nowthreatening to cut funding for environmental protection programs.A、budgetB、collectionC、profitD、revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue 收入，税收，尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第6题【单选题】All that can be eaten eaten

7、 up.A、are beingB、has beenC、had beenD、have been【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句话中，主句的主语是a ll,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been.关系代词that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语.第7题【单选题】A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。that Hastings

8、was likely to want是一个that引导的定语从句，是对the last thing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第8题【单选题】Dont your health.A、recommendB enterC slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第9题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、

9、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第10题【单选题】Transparency is needed people are skeptical about policy-makersmaking policy against their own interests.A、soB、becauseC、thereforeD、thus【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句后半部分表示的是一个原因，即：纳税人要求政策制定有透明度是因为担心决策者做

10、出有悖于他们利益的事。第11题【单选题】This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A、thatB、whichC、from thatD、from which【正确答案】D【答案解析】copied the paragraph from the magazine.第12题【单选题】The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or threewell-sharpened pencils.But keep your notebook or paper out of sightuntil you nee

11、d it.Theres nothing less likely to relax a person than thearrival of someone with a note-taking pad.Take a while just tochat,judging what sort of person youre dealing with,getting him or herto trust you.A This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B Come back another day;it will go better.C、The res

12、t is instinct,which can all be learned with experience.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。后面作者说到Take a while just to chat,强调的是要花时间chat以增进相互之间的了解。所以选D,这样就很符合逻辑顺序。第13题【单选题】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation.However,middle class is not a real

13、 designation,nor does it carry privileges.It ismore of a perception,which probably was as true as it ever could beright a代er World War II.The economy was growing,more and morepeople owned their own homes,workers had solid contracts with thecompanies that employed them,and nearly everyone who wanted

14、ahigher education could have one.The information in this passage dealswi t h.A、an individualB、a social and economic groupC、a political organizationD、Government【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答案B。第14题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“

15、My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I t

16、hink she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B Susans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie

17、 likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning.可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故选项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第15题【单选题】Cohen doesnt worry much about students using their courses for evilA、thinksB、advicesC、suggestionsD、purposes【正确答案】D【答案解析】Cohen并没有对学生利用该

18、课程实施恶意行为有太多担心。Think：想，认为；advice：建议；suggestion：建议；purpose：目的，意图。第16题【单选题】His first response was to say no.L a t e r,he changed his mind.A、anyhowB、howeverC、thereforeD、moreover【正确答案】B【答案解析】anyhow无论如何。however但是。therefore因止 匕。moreover而且。第 17题【单选题】The numbers didn/t really add up,so the accountant went ba

19、ck overthem.A、加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。B、数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又重新计算了一遍。C、加起来的总数不对，所以会计师又拿回去了。D、数额没有累计起来，所以会计师又把它们拿回去了。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题主要考查英语短语的理解。一个词往往有许多意思，在不同的场合意思不同。went back在这里应译作“重新计算。第 18题【单选题】We cant undertake that you will make a profit.A、requireB、promiseC、promoteD、doubt【正确答案】B【答案解析】undertake承担，保

20、证;promise允诺，许诺。第 19题【单选题】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hidethe fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe.Studies by theCouncil of Europe,of which 21 counties are members,have shown that45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies

21、are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe haveindicated t hat.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe thanelsewhere.D、many species of repti

22、les an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D 是正确的答案。第20题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第21题【单选题】The western media was aston

23、ished to see that Chinas GDP byalmost 40%just in two years/time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、roared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar高涨，猛增。根据题意，正确答案应选C o第22题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I

24、 held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadn/t even made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答

25、案选B o词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第23题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第24题【单选题】It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I hadintended to pay to Germany in Janu

26、ary.A、令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。B、令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对德国预定的访问。C、我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。D、我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题主要考查英语评价句的翻译。需要对某事发表评论或表明态度时，英语的语序和汉语不同。英语是先评论，或先表态，然后再说有关的事情或情况。汉语则相反，评论或表态性的话往往是放在句子的后面。第25题【单选题】It is amusing that she her fathers bad temper

27、 as well as hermother/s good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C和D选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A符合题意。inherit“经遗传而得（性格、特征等）。第26题【单选题】-Did you ask the guard happened-Yes,he told me all_ he knew.A、what;thatB what;whatC、which;whichD、that;that【正确答案】A【答案解析】what happened是宾语从句.a ll之

28、 后that heknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.第27题【单选题】The decline in moral standards,which has long concerned social analysts,has at last the attention of average Americans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、captured【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格 后 的 名 词 attention搭配并符合题意的只有一个。capture 捕获，吸 引（注意力

29、）。根据题意，正确答案应选Do第28题【单选题】Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europes largestorganization for applied technology,and has 59 institutes employing12,000 people.It continues to grow.Last year,it swallowed up theHeindch Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in Berlin.Today,there are even

30、Fraunhofers in the US and Asi a.The Fraunhofer Society isthe largest organization for applied technology inA Asia.B、USA.C Europe.D、Africa.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段第一句话提供了答案：the FraunhoferSociety is now Europes largest organization for appliedtechnology.o第29题【单选题】As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues,justi

31、fying parental supportdepends on defining the family as a social good that,in some sense,society must pay for.In her book No Exit:What Parents Owe TheirChildren and What Society Owes Parents,she argues that parents areburdened in many ways in their lives:there is“no exit“when it comes tochildren.Soc

32、iety expectsand needsparents to provide their childrenwith continuity of care,meaning the intensive,intimate care that humanbeings need to develop their intellectual,emotional,and moralcapabilities.And society expectsand needsparents to persist in theirrole for 18 years,or longer if needed/What is P

33、rofessor Anne AI stottsargument for parental support?A、Good parenting benefits society.B、The cost of raising children in the US has been growing.C、The US should keep up with other developed countries.D、Children need continuous care.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。本段提到，社会也需要家长们对他们的孩子付出关爱，因为良好的父母教养能造福于社会，应选

34、A 项。B 项“抚养孩子的成本在美国已越来越大 ，C 项美国应该赶上其他发达国家，这两项在文中均未提及；D 项“儿童需要持续的照顾，是对文中的parents toprovide their children with continuity of care 设置的干扰项。第30题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么

35、重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不,简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。less important意思是 不如 重要，而加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选C。第31题【单选题】I couldn/t have got to the meeting on time an earlier train.A、if I had not caughtB、unless I had caughtC、if I did not catchD、u

36、nless I caught【正确答案】B【答案解析】ifnot和unless有时可以互相替换，但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这样的句子，即“如果A 不受阻于 B,A 将发生，例如 He will accept the job if the salary isnot too low/unless the salary is too low.第32题【单选题】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at differentvillages.A、unceasinglyB、graduallyC、continuouslyD、contin

37、ually【正确答案】D【答案解析】unceasingly没停顿的。gradually逐渐的。continuously 连续不断的。continually 不断的。第33题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。B、正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。C、我对戏剧就像托尼对于音乐一样，非常欣赏。D、托尼不会欣赏音乐，同样我也不会欣赏戏剧。【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查句子暗示意思和比较的翻译。all playsare alike to m

38、 e的意思是所有的戏剧对我来说都是一样的，言外之意就是“我欣赏不懂戏剧”，同样all music is alike to Tony的意思也应该是“托尼欣赏不懂音乐根据句子中的比较结构just as可以得出，他们两个在这方面是一样的，.可以翻译为 同样。所以选D。第34题【单选题】My mind wasnt on what he so Im afraid I missed half of it.A、was sayingB、had saidC、would sayD、has said【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查时态。句意为：我刚才没有注意他正在讲什么。过去进行时相对于现在，表示过去某一段时间正在发

39、生什么，对现在没有任何影响。第35题【单选题】The flood went down,leaving the village destroyed.A、mainlyB completelyC、exactlyD、thoroughly【正确答案】B【答案解析】mainly主要的。completely完全的（强调整体性）。thoroughly彻底的（强调无疏漏）。第36题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character.A roleB、dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character性格，品质；disposition性情。第3

40、7题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的;essential基本的；本质的。第38题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A dismissB permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】re w a rd奖励；奖赏。第39题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous universit

41、y.A、honorB、appreciateC、prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】adm ire钦佩；赞美;appreciate欣赏。第40题【单选题】I don/t know what to at the university,I cant make any forecastsabout my future.A、take inB、take upC、take overD、take after【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题主要考查动词短语的意义区别。根据句子中的 I cant make any forecasts about my future 可知,“我不知该学什么，故

42、选B。第41题【单选题】Somewhere around puberty(发育；青春期)，something happens in thetiming of the biological clock.(2)The clock pushes forward,soadolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they usedto.When your mother tells you its time for bed,your body may bepushing you to stay up for several

43、 hours more.And the light coming fromyour computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up evenlater.What is implied in the second paragraph?A、Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that ofthe teenagers.B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the changeof the

44、 biological clock.C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night thanadolescents.D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light fromthe computer screen.【正确答案】C【答案解析】推理判断题，对应原句The clock pushes forward（推动），so adolescents（青年）and teenagers are unable tofall asleep as earl

45、y as they used to.的含义是青年人以前睡觉还要早。考察used to（过去）的意思得到答案为C。第42题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示“只”的意思。第43题【单选题】Ellen really became famous in 2001.Aged only 24,she was one of onlytwo women who ente

46、red the Vendee Globe round the world solorace（单人环球帆船比赛），which lasts 100 days.Despite many problems,she came second in the race out of 24 competitors and she was given avery warm welcome when she returned.In the Vendee Globe race,Ellenwon.A、a gold medalB、The Best Woman Sailorw awardC、The Young Sailor

47、 of the Yearn awardD、the second place【正确答案】D【答案解析】细节查找，答案一般在原文有共同或相似关键I司o第44题【单选题】from space,the earth,with water seventy percent of itssurface,looks like a“blue ball.A、Seen;coveredB、Seen;coveringC、Seeing;coveringD、Seeing;covering【正确答案】B【答案解析】分词作状语时，是用现在分词还是过去分词，要看它与句子主语的关系。在此see与the earth为被动关系,因此用过

48、去分词；water与 cover间为主动关系，因此用现在分词。第45题【单选题】Taking this medicine,if,will of course do good to his health.A、continuedB、to continueC、continuesD、continuing【正确答案】A【答案解析】if continued 是if taking this medicine iscontinued”的省略形式。第46题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ish

49、ome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydr

50、oponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节