2021年8月北京华北计算技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

《2021年8月北京华北计算技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2021年8月北京华北计算技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf（60页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、【考研英语】2021年8月北京华北计算技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】If they want to,that/s fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第2题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我

2、希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神,让我们在一开始就认识到这样儿点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】which I hope will characterize our talks this week限制性定语从句，修饰frankness。I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the ou

3、tset：在开始的时候。第3题【单选题】Excessive weight gain doesnt do you any good.A、过分的B、扩大的C、进化的D、非常【正确答案】A【答案解析】excessive adj.过多的，极度的；过分的。第4题【单选题】It is so difficult a problem that student in this class workit out.A、any,cantB、no,canC、every,canD、no,cant【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题很容易误选A,因为从句意上看，选 A 可将此句理解为“这个问题是如此之难，这个班上任何一个学生都不

4、可能做出来。但按英语习惯，any(任何一个)作为非肯定词，它只能出现在否定词not之后，而不能在其前，即可说 not a n y,但不说any not。所以正确答案应选B。第5题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006/s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer players are likely to have been born in the earli

5、ermonths of the year than in the later months.If you then examined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astrologi

6、cal signs confer superiorsoccer skills,b)winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probably meansA

7、、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第2段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，“足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命等等。本段中的mania一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有soccer m ad,意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近，即 疯狂。因此正确答案是B。第6

8、题【单选题】Brindley worked,for example,to improve the grinding of flints,whichwere used in the rising pottery industry.A、为了改进例如燧石的研磨过程，布林德雷努力工作着，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业的常用材料。B、例如，布林德雷努力改进新兴陶瓷工业常用材料的研磨过程一燧石。C、例如，布林德雷努力改进燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。D、布林德雷努力改进例如燧石的研磨过程，燧石是新兴陶瓷工业使用的材料。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查插入语的翻译。For example是插入到句子之

9、间的，它其实可以放在句子的开头，但是汉语没有这个用法，要举例子基本上应该把“例如放在句子的开头，根据这一点可以排除A和D项,同时要注意which were used inthe rising pottery industry是定语从句修饰前面的flints,可以单独用一个句子来表达，这样可以保留原句子的连贯性又忠于原文，最合适的应该是C项。第7题【单选题】This is rather for your father to decide than for you.A、这是你父亲的决定而不是你的决定。B、这取决于你父亲的决定而你不该决定。C、这件事情得由你父亲决定而不是你来决定。D、这并不是为你而

10、是为你的父亲才这样决定的。【正确答案】C第8题【单选题】The audience waited in silence while their aged speakersearched among his notes for the figures he could not remember.A、respectiveB、respectC、respectfulD、respectable【正确答案】C【答案解析respective各自的。respect尊敬/方面。respectful殷勤的/有礼的。respectable高尚的/令人尊敬的。第9题【单选题】Besides T o m,C r o s

11、e t t e s have two other s o n s,o f whomare all interested in making model planes.A、不填,twoB、不填,the twoC、the,threeD、the,the three【正确答案】D【答案解析】在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；the+数词+o f+代词 这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而“数词+o f+代词结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量。第10题【单选题】Home heating,which accounts for less than

12、7 percent of a ll energyconsumed in the U.S.,has had a commendable（值得赞扬的）efficiencyrecord:from 1978 to 1997,the amount of fuel consumed for thispurpose declined 44 percent despite a 33 percent increase in thenumber of housing units and an increase in house size.The U.S.Department of Energy,however,f

13、orecasts mat energy used in homeheating will rise by 14 percent over the next two decades.That rise issmall considering an expected 21 percent increase in the number ofhouses and the trend toward larger houses.According to-paragraph 3,energy consumed in home heating over the next two decades willinc

14、rease by.A、33 percentB、31 percentC、21 percentD 14 percent【正确答案】D【答案解析】该题问的是：根据本段，在今后2 0 年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加多少?第三段有这么一句话：然而，美国能源部预测，在今后2 0 年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加 14%o第 口 题【单选题】Our decision was wise.A、of waitingB、to waitC、for waitingD、to be waiting【正确答案】B【答案解析】英语中一些名词总与不定式连用，如：decision,w ish与 refusal等，使用这些名词与使用它们的

15、动词形式表达的内容是一致的，我们决定等待是明智的。第12题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink 收缩；畏缩；sm a lle r较小，更小的。第13题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是

16、很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D（答案解析】In this context：在这种情况下;to search for areasof cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第14题【单选

17、题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】nothing but表示 只 的意思。第15题【单选题】How do we fix this problem?lt starts with reforming the physicianreimbursement system,remove the pressure for primary care physiciansto squeeze in more p

18、atients per hour,and reward them for 0Ptimally（最佳地）managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine.Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgivingstudent loans for those who choose primary care as a career andreconciling the marked difference between specialist and

19、primary carephysician salaries.What suggestion does the author give in order toprovide better health care?A、Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary carephysicians.B、Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.C、Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.D、Reduce the

20、 tuition of students who choose primary care as theirmajor.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选Ao事实细节题。由题干中的suggestion和 provide better health care定位于第2 段。文章第2 段介绍的是改善基础医疗目前状况的建议：应该从改革医生的费用返还制度开始，避免基础护理医生竭力增加每小时诊治患者的数量，减少他们的压力，奖励那些能够提出最佳治疗方案和开具循证药物的医生。通过免除那些选择基础护理工作作为未来职业的学生们的助学贷款，使基础护理工作吸引更多医学院的学生，同时调和专科医生和基础护理医生之间工资存在

21、的巨大差异，由此可得出答案为A 项。第16题【单选题】S mo k i n g,i s a bad habit,is,however,popular.A、thatB、whichC、itD、though【正确答案】B【答案解析】which is a bad habit非限制性定语从句。第17题【单选题】Thirty years ago,most teenagers had bicycles,but now they arecomparatively rare._ 1 _ motor scooters are much more common._ 2 _ this may seem a sign

22、of progress but _ 3 _ the change is notnecessarily for the better.l.At the other end On the contrary Onthe other hand In addition?.A.At first sight B.At the beginning C.In the first viewD.From the first3.A、absolutelyB、actuallyC、surelyD definitely【正确答案】B【答案解析】actually,事实上，实际上。这道题考察学生对文章的理解和对词义的掌握。作者说

23、乍一看这是进步，但事实上不是这样，有转折之意。A,absolutely,绝对的；C,surely,的确的；D,definitely,明确地。第18题【单选题】If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors asArthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor,it will not surprise you to learn thattravel writing has a long and venerable history.Almost from the earliestannals of r

24、ecorded time individuals have found ready audiences for theiraccounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage is mostlyabout.A、why people find travel writing excitingB、the literary style of three early travel writersC、where three early travel writers went and wrote aboutD how to write

25、 a travel book【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 主旨题。联系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文讲了三个作家，锁定答案B和 C,结合内容，文章主要讲关于他们的旅行和作品。第19题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、

26、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指“经济大国,是近几年才出现的一种用法。第20题【单选题】Of the making of good books there is no end;neither any endto their influence on man/s lives.A、there isB、there areC、is thereD、are there【正确答案】C【答案解析】n

27、either为否定副词，置于句首时，句子常用倒装语序且句式结构通常与前一句保持一致。第21题【单选题】today,he would get there by Friday.A、Would he leaveB、Was he leavingC、Were he to leaveD、If he leaves【正确答案】C【答案解析】这是虚拟语气的倒装形式，把if去掉，助动词提 前。第22题【单选题】There are certain when you must interrupt people who are in themiddle of doing something.A、conditionsB、

28、situationsC、occasionsD environments【正 确 答 案】C【答 案 解 析】conditions状 况/条 件/情 形（与 日 常 生 活 相 关）。situation 形 式/局 面。occasion 场合/时亥|。environment 环境/外 界。第23题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活,劳动者并不是

29、沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是“国家 ，而是指“农村。第24题【单选题】If they want to,that/s fine with me.A、integrateB、su

30、stainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第25题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】comfort 使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第26题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要

31、。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是 几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是 不如.重要，而 加 scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 C。第27题【单选题】I couldnt have got to the meeting on time an earlier tr

32、ain.A、if I had not caughtB、unless I had caughtC、if I did not catchD unless I caught【正确答案】B【答案解析】if.not和unless有时可以互相替换，但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这样的句子，即 如果A不受阻于 B,A 将发生，He will accept the job if the salary isnot too low/unless the salary is too low.第28题【单选题】I insisted that you wrong.A、wereB、areC、wasD、bein

33、g【正确答案】A【答案解析】如suggest,insist不表示“建议“或“坚持要某人做某事时“，即它们用于其本意”暗示、表明“、”坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。而在宾语从句中，主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态，本题选wereo第29题【单选题】The teacher told us the fact.A、which the earth moves around the sunB、that the earth moved around the sunC、that the sun moves around the earthD、that the earth mov

34、es around the sun【正确答案】D【答案解析】名词性从句中主句和从句中时态要保持一致。但是在此句中，后面讲述的是一个客观存在的事实规律，所以要选答案Do第30题【单选题】If I the money,I would have bought a much bigger car.A、possessedB、ownedC、hadD、had had【正确答案】D（答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示 有。第31题【单选题】She was a girl and did not panic.A、specificB、dominantC、sensibleD、epidemic【正确答

35、案】C【答案解析】sensible明智的；通情达理的；合乎情理的；意识到的，能感觉到的。第32题【单选题】S mo k i n g,i s a bad habit,is,however,popular.A、thatB、whichC、itD、though【正确答案】B【答案解析】which is a bad habit非限制性定语从句。第33题【单选题】She can be very annoying sometimes,but I think you shouldapologize for being so rude to her.A、all the sameB、once in a while

36、C、in actual factD、all the time【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。all the same意为“尽管如此，与本题题意相符。第34题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲；刺激;神经冲动；推动力。第35题【单选题】-What is that room一 一 we hold the meetings.A、The room isB、The room is the placeC、That/s the

37、 room whichD Thats where【正确答案】D【答案解析】此句是be动词后由where引导的表语从句。第36题【单选题】But what we forgetwhat our economy depends on us forgetting isthat happiness is more than pleasure without pain.The things that bringthe greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment.Today,surrounded by promi

38、ses of easy happiness,we need art to tell us,as religion once did,Memento mori:remember that you will die,thateverything ends,and that happiness comes not in denying this but inliving with it.It/s a message even more bitter than a clove cigarette,yet,somehow,a breath of fresh air.We can learn from t

39、he last paragraph thatthe author b e l i e v e s.A、happiness more often than not ends in sadnessB、the anti-happy art is distasteful but refreshingC、misery should be enjoyed rather than deniedD、the anti-happy art flourishes when economy booms【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o观点态度题。本段阐述了作者对反快乐艺术形式的理解，即到处都充斥着唾手可得的幸

40、福的承诺，我们需要艺术来告诉我们：记得你终将死亡，一切都将结束，O 由此可知，艺术的提醒是令人不悦的但却使人耳目一新。因 此 B 正确。B 选项正是对段末句的同义替换，distasteful,refreshing 分别对应句中的 bitter,a breath of freshairo A 属于无中生有，末段没有提到幸福以痛苦结束。C 偷梁换柱，将段中“幸福的到来不是因为否认这一点（痛苦的存在）而是对其加以忍受偷换成 痛苦应该被享受而不是被否定 。D 中的经济繁荣的信息属于过度推理，文章没有原句提到此点。第37题【单选题】Rough estimates in the past have pre

41、dicted similarly disappointingr e s u l t s.S a y s Sallie Chishol,an environmental engineer fromthe Massachusetts Institute of Technology.But the take-home messageis the same.Ocean fertilization is not the answer to global warming.A、These are newer and better models,B、Its opponents argue,however,th

42、at it will stop global warming.C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloomtemporarily.D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor,their carbon issupposedly locked up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有says这个词，它预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A 的意思是:这些是比较新的也是比较好的模型。第38题【单选题】I had

43、 the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long,narrowfarm.A、我有一种错觉，我是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。B、我感到仿佛是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。C、当我在开车穿过一个特别狭长的农场时产生了一种幻觉。D、我仿佛产生了一种错觉，那就是我开车穿过一个极长而狭窄的农场。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo had the illusion表示的是开车时的一种感觉，所以译为“我感觉仿佛”这样比较好，而不直译为“错觉 。第39题【单选题】Actually industry can vary a good dea

44、l over the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】vary 改变；im p ro ve改善，增进；提高 的价值。第40题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my o

45、pponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词 disgrace,考生可迅速定位至

46、本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第41题【单选题】On behalf of all of your American guests,I wish to thank you for theincomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famousthroughout the world.A、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们的无可比拟的盛情款待表示感谢。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。B、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的闻名世界的无可比拟的盛情款待。C、我谨代

47、表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。D、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界，果然名不虚传。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为句子结构。这一句较长，先说“向你们表示感谢，停顿一下，再说 感谢你们的 ”,而不直接说“感谢你们的 。第42题【单选题】It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I hadintended to pay to Germany in Janu

48、ary.A、令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。B、令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对德国预定的访问。C、我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。D、我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题主要考查英语评价句的翻译。需要对某事发表评论或表明态度时，英语的语序和汉语不同。英语是先评论，或先表态，然后再说有关的事情或情况。汉语则相反，评论或表态性的话往往是放在句子的后面。第43题【单选题】Give it to you think can do the work well.A

49、、who thatB、whoeverC、whomeverD、whom【正确答案】B【答案解析】whomever与 whoever的区别在于前者只能作宾语，后者可以做主语或宾语。第44题【单选题】The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain.Across thecountry,many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boostin morale.For some,the hardships of life without steady work eventu

50、allyoverwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together.The divorcerate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery tookhold.What will the current economic crisis eventually do to somemarried couples?A、It will force them to pull their efforts together.B、It will undermine their mu