2021年3月浙江杭州师范学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年3月浙江杭州师范学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】I dont want to bring up the t o p ic,w h y on earth did you get homethat late last night?A butB、andC、orD、so【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查连词用法。前文说：我不想说这个话题,而下文又把这个话题提了出来，由此可以看出是转折关系。第2题【单选题】They were,by and large,a very wealthy,privileged elite.A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确

2、答案】C【答案解析】elite n.精英；精华；中坚分子。第3题【单选题】He smiled,with the implication that he didnt believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】implication n.含义；暗示;牵连，卷入;可能的结果，影响。第 4 题解答题Many animals test their legs and totter forth only hours after they areborn,but humans need a year before they take their first,h

3、esitant steps.Is something fundamentally different going on in human babies?Maybenot.(1)A new study shows that the time it takes for humans and allother mammals to start walking fits closely with the size of theirbrains.(2)ln past studies to develop a new animal model for the brains inevents that su

4、pport motor development,neurophysiologist MartinGarwicz discovered that the schedules by which ferrets and rats acquirevarious motor skills,such as crawling and walking,are strikingly similar toeach other;the progress simply happens faster for rats.That made themwonder how similar the timing of moto

5、r development might be amongmammals in general.(3)They compared the time between conceptionand walking in 24 species and looked at how well this durationcorrelated with a range of variables,including gestationtime,adult bodymass,and adult brain mass.As they report in this weeks issue of PNAS,brain m

6、ass accounts for the vast majority(94%)of the variance inwalking time between species.Species with larger brains,such as humans,tend to take longer to learn to walk.(4)Strikingly,a model based on adultbrain mass and walking time in the other 23species almost perfectlypredicts when humans begin to wa

7、lk.Weve always considered humansthe exception,Garwicz says,But in fact,we start walking at exactly thetime that would be expected from all other walking mammals.Twoother variablesgestation time and brain mass at birthalso correlatenicely with age of walking for most animals,but not for humans.Thatma

8、kes sense,the researchers say:Humans spend an unusually smallportion of their developmentand build an unusually small fraction oftheir brain mass-in the womb.(5)The model is able to accommodatethis quirk of human development because it uses the time it takes babiesto learn to walk from conception,no

9、t birth.(At the other extreme,animals such as horses,who have a long gestation and then walk almostimmediately after they are born,also fit the model.）Barbara Finlay,aneuroscientist at Cornell University,says the findings support theexistence of a kind of a development clock for mammals.In her ownwo

10、rk,Finlay has found that various mammals have similar timetables forbrain development before birth.But she had imagined that a postnatalmilestone such as walking would be more idiosyncratic.!was surprised,she says.I thought the clock would start to fracture.It will beinteresting,she says,to see if t

11、he clock will keep time for latermilestones,such as events related to reproduction.【正确答案】一项新的研究显示，人类和其他所有哺乳动物开始行走的时间与各自的脑容量有着密切的关系。（2）在之前为支持运动神经发育的大脑活动而建立的一个新动物模型的研究中，神经生理学家Martin Garwicz发现，雪貂和小鼠获得不同运动技巧的时间表一一例如攀爬和行走一一彼此具有惊人的相似性，只不过小鼠的发育稍微快一些。他们比较了 2 4 个物种的妊娠和开始行走的时间，并且观察这段时期与一系列变量间隔之间的关系，这些变量包括怀孕时间

12、、成年后的体积及成年后的脑容量。很明显，基于其他 2 3 种物种的成年脑体积及行走时间所建立起来的模型，几乎可以准确地预测人类开始行走的时间。这一模型还能够适用于人类发育的突发事件，这是因为它所考虑的恰好是婴儿在妊娠期学习行走的时间，而非出生之后。第5题【单选题】It was fire o/clock in the afternoon they climbed up to the top ofthe mountain.A、sinceB、whenC、thatD、until【正确答案】B【答案解析】此句为一主从复合句。when引导状语从句，若看作强调结构，应在fire前加at。第6题【单选题】I

13、find it astonishing that John be so rude to me.Notastonishing at all.He is always rude to others.A、shouldB、mustC、mightD、ought to【正确答案】A【答案解析】should表示说话人吃惊的语气。意思是“竟然,居然第7题【单选题】It is necessary that a college student at least a foreignlanguage.A mastersB should masterC、masteredD、will master【正确答案】B【答案解析

14、】It is necessary(clear/true/strange/important/wonderful/possible/likely.)that.,这类主语从句中,谓语动词多为(should)+动词原形，即要用虚拟语气。第8题【单选题】The government on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008,and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.A、spendingB、spentC、costD、costing【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考

15、查的是现在分词的用法，spending onpurchase of cars在这里是一个现在分词短语。句意:2008年政府花费了 800亿用于购车，并且一年的使用和维护费用则高达3000亿。第9题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r 有.责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第10题【单选题】Not all the new drugs have been sufficientl

16、y tested for safety.A、所有的新药都未进行必要地安全检查。B、所有的新药都未必进行过充分的安全检查。C、并非所有的新药都进行了必要的安全检查。D、并非所有的新药都经过了充分的安全检测。【正确答案】D第11题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开（药）。根据题意，正确答案应为B。第12题

17、【单选题】Helen couldnt go to France after all.Thats too bad.Tm sure she wouldhave enjoyed it if.A、she/s goneB、shell goC、shed goneD、shed go【正确答案】C【答案解析】表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。第13题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩

18、论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第 14题【单选题】Egypt,wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus,is the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 Ao wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式,其余部分作其宾语从句。第 15题

19、【单选题】men have learned much from the behaviour of animals ishardly new.A、ThatB、WhetherC、WhereD、When【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案为A,是由that引导的主语从句。第16题【单选题】all the threats,many companies are sending IT professionalsto courses like those Cohen offers.A、GaveB GivingC、GiveD、Given【正确答案】D【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 的 是 非 谓 语 动 词 的

20、用 法，manycompanies和give之间是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词。第17题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】until在否定句中表示的意思是“直到 才 ；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思,所以比较恰当的用法应该

21、是B项。A项虽然有“直到的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第18题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite

22、exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when s

23、he would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld because.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on che

24、ap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献

25、给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是C。第19题【单选题】Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?A thatB、/C、whichD、it【正确答案】A【答案解析】先行词gas被 only修饰，关系代词要用that,而不用whicho第20题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓；B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源；发生；起航。第21题【单选题】Hes unlucky,and hes always suff

26、ering luck one after another.A、a sickB、an illC、sickD、ill【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，luck是不可数名词，用来修饰贬义的luck形容词有bad,poor或ill,这 时ill的词义是：不好的。第22题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/Allensaid.We

27、 have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results,What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that

28、 there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only 一般是错误的，

29、排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressedo 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案A。第23题【单选题】The heat was so from the fire that the firemen could not enterthe building.A、intenseB、tenseC、intensiv

30、eD、violent【正确答案】A【答案解析】intense强烈的/挚热的。tense紧张的。intensive深入的/细致的。violent暴力的。第24题【单选题】Take a t a x i,y o u ll miss your train.A andB、ifC、otherwiseD、or【正确答案】C【答案解析】祈使句可用来取代if从句来表示评论、提出要求、发出忠告或威胁等。用祈使句比用if从句表达更强的紧迫性。在表示评论和要求时，其连词用a n d,表示忠告时用连词otherwise,表示威胁时，用连词or。第25题【单选题】Ignoring the chair offered hi

31、m,Chu Teh stood squarely before this youthmore than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was.A、朱德没有接过递给他的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，平静地向他讲述自己的身份 B、朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，用平稳的语调说明自己的身份 C、顾不得拉过来的椅子，朱德端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，平静地向他讲述自己的身份 D、朱德不理睬递过来的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，用

32、平稳的语调告诉他自己是谁【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题考查的知识点为代词。英语有时在句子里先出代词，然后再出它所指的人或物。汉语一般总是先出实词，然后才出代词。第26题【单选题】Somewhere around puberty(发育；青春期)，something happens in thetiming of the biological clock.(2)The clock pushes forward,soadolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they usedto.When your m

33、other tells you its time for bed,your body may bepushing you to stay up for several hours more.And the light coming fromyour computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up evenlater.What is implied in the second paragraph?A、Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that ofthe

34、teenagers.B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the changeof the biological clock.C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night thanadolescents.D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light fromthe computer screen.【正确答案】C【答案解析】推理判断题，对应原句The clock

35、pushes forward（推动）,so adolescents（青年）and teenagers are unable tofall asleep as early as they used t o.的含义是青年人以前睡觉还要早。考察used to（过去）的意思得到答案为C。第27题【单选题】When will you be through with your work,Jones?My bossusually finds something for me to do at the last minute.A、Who knowsB Would you help meC、I beg your

36、 pardonD、Anything the matter【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查交际用语。Who knows?表示“谁知道（无法确定），与后句的含义相吻合。第28题【单选题】Stay in bed for another few days,and your health condition will improveA、someB、a fewC、anyD、little【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。some用于肯定句中，又如He feltsome better.他觉得好些了。第29题【单选题】If you enjoy looking through travel books by su

37、ch familiar authors asArthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor,it will not surprise you to learn thattravel writing has a long and venerable history.Almost from the earliestannals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for theiraccounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage i

38、s mostlyabout.A、why people find travel writing excitingB、the literary style of three early travel writersC、where three early travel writers went and wrote aboutD、how to write a travel book【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o主旨题。联系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文讲了三个作家，锁定答案B和C,结合内容，文章主要讲关于他们的旅行和作品。第30题【单选题】Today,working less than a 4

39、0-hour week,people enjoy more leisure time.Hence,the wise use of leisure time has become an important problemfor everyone,young or old.It is a particularly difficult problem for thesick,the aged,and those who have retired from earning a living.Thosepeople have so much leisure that it is hard for the

40、m to find interestingand worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not aparticularly difficult problem for p e o p l e.A、who are very busy everydayB、who are sick in bedC who are aged and in good healthD、who have retired from work【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题可采用排除法，第三句话(It is a particularlydiff

41、icult problem for the sick,the aged,and those who haveretired from earning a living.),可以看出这三类人对于怎样度过空闲时光是特别困难的，所以可以排除BCD项，选 A。第31题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protections and died young.Inthe West,before mass communicati

42、on and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that theirsouls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bummer”(Line 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h

43、in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题。本段第1 句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(suirounded by reminders of misery)o 段落最后一句话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bummertoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除 第1句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因

44、此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一 个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B符合要求。第32题【单选题】They plan to the run-down house in a years time.团A reviveB renovateC replaceD、remove【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：他们计划在一年时间内翻修这所旧房子。renovate意为“修复;整修一新；revive意为“使复兴，振兴；replace意为 放回，把 放回原处；remove意为 移开，挪开，拿走。第33题【单选题】My mind wasn/t on w

45、hat he so Im afraid I missed half of it.A、was sayingB、had saidC、would sayD、has said【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查时态。句意为：我刚才没有注意他正在讲什么。过去进行时相对于现在，表示过去某一段时间正在发生什么，对现在没有任何影响。第34题【单选题】We have to modify our plan a little bit.A reduceB sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】m odify修改，修饰；更改；adjust调整,使适合。第35题【单选题】They were,b

46、y and large,a very wealthy,privileged elite.A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】elite n.精英；精华；中坚分子第36题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r 有 责任；有 义务;负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第37题【单选题】Dont involve other people your trouble.A、inB、againstrespo

47、nsibleC、toD、for【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。involve sbin sth：把某人卷入 中，答案选A o第38题【单选题】I four universities and was accepted by all of them.A、applied toB、applied fromC、applied inD、applied off【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：我申请了四所大学，并都被他们录取了。apply t o向 正式申请；向 要求，答案选A。第39题【单选题】Tom was seriously ill.-he was absent from

48、 school.A、He was becauseB、That was whyC、That was becauseD、That was that【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，“这就是他为什么缺席，所以在这里我们要选择答案B。第40题【单选题】Cost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第41题【单选题】The opportunity to escape the realities of ev

49、eryday life is,I think,themain attraction of a bookshop.There are not many places where it ispossible to do this.A music shop is very much like a bookshop.You cango to such places as much as you wish.If it is a good shop,no assistantwill approach you with the greeting:Z/Can I help you,sir?”You needn

50、tbuy anything you dont want.In a bookshop,an assistant should remainin the background until you have finished reading.You may want to findout where a particular section is.Then,and only then,are his servicesnecessary.But when he has led you there,the assistant should leavepolitely and look as if he