2021年5月北京清华大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年5月北京清华大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Shortly after the accident,two police were sent to the spot tokeep order.A、dozens ofB、dozensC、dozen ofD、dozen【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名词必须是单数形式，如dozen（一打），score（二十）和head（头）等。但是如果这些名词用来指某些可数名词时,这些名词呈复数形式，其后应加上介词。f。第2题【单选题】popular belief,th

2、e ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD Contrary to【正确答案】D【答案解析】As to关于。Opposite to对立/对面（方位/身份/性别）。Dueto因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第3题【单选题】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonder

3、ful family,but realized his fatherwas very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.He had not seenhim since that graduation day.Before he could make arrangements tosee his father,he received a telegram telling him his father had passedaway,and willed all of his possessions to his son.He needed t

4、o comehome immediately and take care things.When he arrived at his fathershouse,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young manarrived home,he fel t.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第4题【单选题】My teacher once

5、 said to me,“If you dont quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing as Im having too much fun.My thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we continue to support

6、 each other formany years to comeiWe can learn from the passage that.A、the author thinks writing on the Net is very easyB、the author has his first book published on the NetC、two years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。由

7、本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing知道作者感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第5题【单选题】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing.Ifound writing for that site was not my cup of tea.However,myexperience there was positive as I w

8、as rewarded with even morelearning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water.ThroughAssociated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging.I decidedto learn how to set up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer.What is the author/s purpose of usin

9、g thesite Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo!Contributor Network.B、To know more about other writers.C、To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how toset up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to wor

10、k as a writer确定D 答案。A 选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B 选项不是作者的目的；C 选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第6题【单选题】A few weeks later the patient was able to carry out seemed aperfectly normal conversation.A、thatB、whenC、whatD、how【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。what相当于that which,what从句在句中作carry o u t的宾语，what在从句作主语。牢记:在名词从句中的what多数

11、情况下是代词，意为 一个 的”,而不再是问代词。例：He turned out to be what his father hadwanted him to.第7题【单选题】She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who waslooking very sad.A、她经常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位老先生，他看来很悲伤。B、她常对人说，她在意大利碰到过一位愁容满面的老先生。C、她经常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位愁容满面的老先生。D、她常对人说，她在意大利碰到过一位上了年纪的绅士，他看起来很悲伤。【正确答案】B【答案解

12、析】答案选B。who was looking very sad”是定语,翻译成中文要注意语序。第8题【单选题】The once beautiful flowers in the vase had.国A、witheredB、wastedC、wateredD、wrinkled【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：花瓶里曾漂亮一时的花枯萎了。wither意为“枯萎了，凋谢了;waste意为“浪费；water意为“浇水；wrinkle意为“生皱纹。第9题【单选题】In this world of change and complexity,the need for information is ofgrea

13、test importance.Those people who have accurate,reliableup-to-date information to solve the day-to-day problems,the criticalproblems of their business,social and family life,will survive andsucceed Knowledge is power may well be the truest saying and accessto information may be the most critical requ

14、irement of all people.We canlearn from the paragraph t hat.A、it is necessary to obtain as much knowledge as possibleB、people should make the best use of the information accessibleC、we should realize the importance of accumulating informationD、it is of vital importance to acquire needed information e

15、fficiently【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本段作者指出：“当今世界多变、复杂，信息对人至关重要。人们要学会利用准确、可靠、最新的信息来解决日常问题及他们工作和社会交往、家庭生活中的重大问题，只有这样的人才能生存、才能成功。知识就是力量，获取信息是对所有人的最重要的要求从该段中我们得知 D 项it is of vital important to acquire neededinformation efficiently（有效地获取所需信息是至关重要的）为正确答案。而A项只强调信息的量；B项强调充分利用所获得的信息，而原文强调的是“需要”信息；C项强调应该意识到积累信息的重要性，这

16、在该段中并未提及。第10题【单选题】When will you be through with your work,Jones?My bossusually finds something for me to do at the last minute.A、Who knowsB、Would you help meC、I beg your pardonD Anything the matter【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查交际用语。Who knows?表示 谁知道（无法确定），与后句的含义相吻合。第11题【单选题】If someone asked you,What color is the sk

17、y?l expect that you wouldanswer,Blue.I am afraid that you would be wrong.The sky has nocolor.When we see blue,we are looking at blue sunlight.The sunlight isshining on little bits of dust in the air.We know that there is air allaround the world.We could not breathe without air.Airplanes could notfly

18、 without air.They need air to lift their wings.Airplanes cannot fly veryhigh because as they go higher the air gets thinner.If we go far enoughaway from the earth,we find there is no air.When an airplane flies toohi g h,.A、the air will be too thin to support its wings.B、the air will become thicker.C

19、、the air will exert pressure on itD、the air will disappear in no time【正确答案】A【答案解析】文章第二段第三句Airplanes cannot fly very highbecause as they go higher the air gets thinner.,因此对照答案为A o第 12题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第 13题【单选题】A great numbe

20、r of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第 14题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last c

21、hoice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/Allensaid.We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results,What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scientists have different ar

22、guments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推

23、理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only 一般是错误的，排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressedo 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A 一致。得到答案A。第15题【单选题】The benefit of it would compens

24、ate danger.A、补偿B、支持C、惊奇D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensate v t.补偿，赔偿；付报酬。第16题【单选题】The black robin is one of the worlds rarest birds.It is a small,wild bird,and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere,off the coast of NewZealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there;in 1977 therewere fewer

25、than ten.A、These are the only black robins left in the world.B、Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C、Both represent orders in the classification of life.D、Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money hasbeen made.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。前文说的是The black robin（旅 东 鸟）的现存

26、数量和活动地点。选项A说的是这里成为有The blackrobin的唯一的地方。所以，选项A是合适的选项。第 17题【单选题】Is some German friends visited last week?A、this schoolB、this the schoolC、this school oneD、this school where【正确答案】B【答案解析】为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school thatsome German friends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词.that引导了定语从句，因为that同时

27、又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。第 18题【单选题】Those attacks can range from indiscriminate viruses to corporate spyingand efforts to gain data from banksA、sensibleB、senseC、sensitiveD、sensibly【正确答案】C【答案解析】相关句子部分的意思是：从银行、信用卡公司或个人获得敏感的数据。四个选项的意思分别为：明智的；感觉；敏感的；容易感知地。第19题【单选题】The secretary and principal at the m

28、eeting now.A、are speakingB、is speakingC、were making a speechD、have a speech【正确答案】B【答案解析】The secretary and principal指的是一个人，所以用单数谓语动词iSo第20题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到

29、这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神,让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修饰frankness0 I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着.的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第21题【单选题】Man

30、y species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓;B、发源C、器官D 选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源;发 生；起航。第22题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction

31、by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.I wasn/t surprised when this didn/t make the newshere in the United Stateswe/re now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles worker

32、s to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as government run personnel management”and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step

33、of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and M

34、edical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C 项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对，business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为 C 项。文中说 家庭与医疗休假法在 1993年时通过，故排除A项“在

35、美国历史上没有先例；B项现有的 家庭与医疗休假法，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D项“民主党的无能。第23题【单选题】As soon as he comes back,Ill tell him when and see him.A、you will comeB、will you comeC、you comeD、do you come【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：他一回来，我就会告诉他你什么时候会来看他。w hen引导的是一个宾语从句，不是状语从句。根据题意要用一般将来时。第24题【单选题】Its impossible t

36、o detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD、prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开;隔开；分居。第25题【单选题】In times of economic crisis,Americans turn to their families for support.If the Great Depression is any guide,we may see a drop in our skyhighdivorce rate.But this won/t necessa

37、rily represent an increase in happymarriages.In the long run,the Depression weakened American families,and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of theDepression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge joblosses.By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce

38、 wasunemployed,the divorce rate had declined by around 25%from 1929.But this doesnt mean people were suddenly happier with theirmarriages.Rather,with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs,unhappycouples often couldnt afford to divorce.They feared neither spousecould manage alone.In the Great Depressi

39、on many unhappy coupleschose to stick together b e c a u s e.A、starting a new family would be hardB、they wanted to better protect their kidsC、living separately would be too costlyD、they expected things would turn better【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选Co推理判断题。由题干中的和unh叩pycouples定位到文章第2段最后两句。随着收入下降和工作的不稳定，不幸福的家庭承担不

40、起离婚的费用。他们担心任何一方都无法独自生活。由此可见，在大萧条时期，即使不幸福的家庭也会选择共同生活，因为离婚的费用和独自生活的成本太高了，故 答 案 为C。第26题【单选题】I insisted that you wrong.A、wereB、areC、wasD、being【正确答案】A【答案解析】如suggest,insist不表示“建议“或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意”暗示、表明“、”坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。而在宾语从句中，主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态，本题选were。第27题【单选题】We have a agreement with

41、 her.A、uniformB、versionC、verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal 口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的。第28题【单选题】Actually industry can vary a good deal over the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】vary 改变；im prove改善，增进；提高 的价值。第29题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C

42、、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只 的意思。第30题【单选题】This Convention shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by thesignatory States.A、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。D、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。无论是英语还是汉语，法律文件有一些共同的特点。英语

43、常 用shall,whereof,hereinafter等，汉语则常用“本公约须.，“应.，呵 ，均等词语。第31题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB、keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】hold back抑制，控制。check克 制,抑 制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第32题【单选题

44、】My teacher once said to me,“If you dont quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing as Im having too much fun.My thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we con

45、tinue to support each other formany years to come!We can learn from the passage that.A、the author thinks writing on the Net is very easyB、the author has his first book published on the NetC、two years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确

46、答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。由本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing知道作者感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第33题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的;机灵的,精制的;心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第34题【单选题】On the

47、 afternoon of that eventful day,I stood on the porch,dumb,expectant.A、那是一个多事的下午，我怀着期待的心情，一声不响地站在门廊里。B、在那个多变故的下午，我怀着期待的心情，一声不响地站在门廊里。C、在那个有重要意义的下午，我一声不响，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里。D、那是一个有事的下午，我一声不响，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本题考查的知识点为理解原意。一个词往往有许多意思，在不同的场合意思不同。eventful在这里应译作“有重要意义的；dumb在这里不是强调她不能说话，而是说她没有说什么，

48、所以译作 一声不响；expectant在汉语里很难找到相应的形容词，所以译作“怀着期待的心情，用作状语。第35题【单选题】According to Facebooks vice-president Elliot Schrage,the company issimply making changes to improve its service,and if people don/t shareinformation,they have a“less satisfying experience/Some critics thinkthis is more about Facebook looki

49、ng to make more money.Its originalbusiness model,which involved selling ads and putting them at the sideof the page,totally failed.Who wants to look at ads when they/re onlineconnecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landedFacebook in hot water in Washington.In April,Senator Charle

50、s Schumercalled on Facebook to change its privacy policy.He also urged the FederalTrade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites.thinkthe senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear aboutwhat the new products were and how people could choose to use themor not to use them/