2021年10月广东广州化学研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年10月广东广州化学研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】I hope that the little I/ve been able to do has been of some use.A、whichB、whenC、thatD、who【正确答案】C【答案解析】当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时，要用that,不 用 whicho句意：我希望我能够做到的那一点点是有些用处的。第2题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring

2、subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color pict

3、ure showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另一个就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第3题【单选题】Among the most popular:paternity and kinship tes

4、ting,which adoptedchildren can use to find their biological relatives and families can use totrack down kids put up for adoption.DNA testing is also the latest rageamong passionate genealogistsand supports businesses that offer tosearch for a familys geographic roots.Most tests require collecting ce

5、llsby swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company fortesting.All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNPTK is used to.A、locate ones birth placeB、promote genetic researchC、identify parent?lchild kinshipD、choose children for adoption【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。本题提问PTK

6、测试的作用，是针对文章第1 段的题目，文章指出“adopted childrencan use to find their biological relatives,即帮助被收养的儿童找到他们血缘亲属，选项C 鉴定亲子血缘关系符合原文，为正确答案。第4题【单选题】My father did not go to New York;the doctor suggested that he_there.A、not wentB、won/t goC、not goD、not to go【正确答案】C【答案解析】suggest后面的从句用sb.should do的形式，should可以省略。第5题【单选题】

7、Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable a d j.更好的，更可取的；更合意的。第6题【单选题】Has Mr.White arrived?Yes,a lr e a d y.h e wait outside or justcome in?A、ShallB、MayC、CouldD、Must【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查情态动词辨析。当主语为第三人称时情态动词shall表示征求对方的许可。第7题【单选题】For any given task in Britain there are

8、 more men than are needed.Strongunions keep them there.In Fleet Street,home of some of Londonsbiggest dailies,it is understood that when two unions quarrel over threejobs the argument is settled by giving each union two.That means 33per cent over manning,33 per cent less productivity than could beob

9、tained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities ariseamong British unionsA、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者.the

10、re are more men thanare needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs,theargument is settled by giving each union two”,接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning,33per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第8题【单选题】As part of their study,the researchers used a special machine to takeactio

11、n photos of the students b r a i n s.This is the same part ofthe brain that becomes active when good readers read.This activatedbrain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognizefamiliar written words quickly.A、Do you have difficulty reading in class?B、The pictures showed an incre

12、ase in activity in the back of the brainon the left side.C、As part of the study,37 struggling readers received specialtutoring.D、By the end of the school year,these children could read fasterthan before.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo这一段说的是：作为研究的一部分，研究人员用一个特殊的机器拍摄学生大脑的动作照片。B说的是：照片显示左大脑后部的活动增加了。第9题【单选题】The old co

13、uple have been married for 40 years and never oncewith each other.A、they had quarreledB、they have quarreledC、have they quarreledD、had they quarreled【正确答案】C【答案解析】考部分主谓倒装。否定句（如该句中的never）在 句 首 时，应 用 部 分 主 谓 倒 装。这 类 副 词 有：never,hardly zseldom,scarcely,little 等。这句话的意思是：那对老夫妇结婚已经四十年了，连一次架也没吵过。第10题【单选题】Sca

14、rcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词,意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是 不如.重要，而 加scarcely之后,双重否定

15、表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选C。第11题【单选题】Is some German friends visited last weekA、this schoolB、this the schoolC、this school oneD、this school where【正确答案】B【答案解析】为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school thatsome German friends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词.that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对

16、.第12题【单选题】The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax ofsuffering on the farmers on longer occur.Egyptian agriculture has beentransformed,and industry is benefiting from power generated by thedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及

17、的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子中tax of suffering属于比喻，把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的tax,而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B 和 D 项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和 industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法

18、也让句子结构更合理。第 13题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】com fort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第 14题【单选题】“If anybody,please put down name/said theteacher to the monitor.A、wants to buy the bookhisB、want to buy the booktheirC、will buy the bookonesD、want

19、s to have the book boughther【正确答案】A【答案解析】代词each和由every,some,no,any等构成的复合代词作主语，谓语需用单数。所以要用wants。his与 anybody搭配。第15题【单选题】This Convention shall be subject to ratification or acceptance by thesignatory States.A、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。D、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选

20、D o 本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。无论是英语还是汉语，法律文件有一些共同的特点。英语 常 用 shall,whereof,hereinafter等,汉语则常用“本公约须 ，应 ，可 ，均等词语。第 16题【单选题】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a localrestaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment.She called to see if he was there.She said,“My husband has

21、Alzheimers（老年痴呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.Numerousthoughts ran through my head.Call the police,call her family,and notify（通知）the doctor/s office she had just come from!But at first,I offeredto drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.Theelderly woman cried in

22、the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with AlzheimersB、the nurse in the doctors officeC、a local restaura ntD、one of her family members【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中She told me her namewas Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant 可知答案为 C 项。Helen由于担心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打电话到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第

23、 17题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB、EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第18题【单选题】There are certain when you must interrupt people who are in themiddle of doing something.A、conditionsB、situationsC、occasionsD environments【正确答案】C【答案解析】conditions状况/条件/情形（与日常生活相关）。situation 形式/局面。o

24、ccasion 场合/时刻。environment 环境/外界。第19题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absent缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第20题【单选题】My mind wasn/t on what he so Im afraid I missed half of it.A、was sayingB、had saidC、would sayD、has said【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查时态。句意为：我刚才没有注意他正在讲什

25、么。过去进行时相对于现在，表示过去某一段时间正在发生什么，对现在没有任何影响。第21题【单选题】The western media was astonished to see that Chinas GDP byalmost 40%just in two years time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD roared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar高涨，猛增。根据题意，正确答案应选Co第22题【单选题】When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success,fewnations

26、can match Germany.Since the 1940s,the nations vast industrialbase has been fed with a constant stream of new ideas and expertisefrom science.And though German prosperity（繁荣）has faltered（衰退）over the past decade because of the global economic decline,it stillhas an enviable record for turning ideas in

27、to profit.What factor can beattributed to German prosperity?A、Technology transfer.B、Good management.C、Hard work.D、Fierce competition.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段第一句说在把基本研究成果成功的应用到工业领域方面，几乎没有哪个国家能和德国相提并论。还可以结合第一段最后一句话理解可知答案选A,德国的繁荣主要是把科学技术应用到了工业领域。第23题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of rainfall wi

28、ll causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD、constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第24题【单选题】Heavy metals are persistent;they do not break down to other chemicalsin the environment.Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensiveclean-

29、up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concernonce they enter the food chain.Some trace metals are alleged to causecancer and are also known to cause poisoning.The main idea of thisparagraph is.A、The Nature of Heavy MetalsB、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC、Heavy Metals

30、 and Food ChainD、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human FoodChain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选 择B。第25题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解

31、析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只的意思。第26题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】pr。p。rti。n部分，份儿，指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题

32、意，正确答案应为B。第27题【单选题】She was a girl and did not panic.A、specificB、dominantC、sensibleD epidemic【正确答案】C【答案解析】sensible明智的；通情达理的；合乎情理的；意识到的，能感觉到的。第 28 题 With the nations financial system teetering on a cliff,thecompensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and otherfinancial firms are coming u

33、nder close examination again.Bankersexcessive risk-taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and hascontinued to others in the past,in this case,it was fueled by low interestrates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueledbubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders

34、gladly lent enormous sums tothose who could not afford to pay them back,dividing the loans andselling them off to the next financial institution along the chain,whichtook advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on morerisky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch

35、 upwith the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road,inhopes averting the next crisis,which is likely to involve different financialtechniques and different sorts of assets.But it is worth examining theroot problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-termprofits and r

36、evenues,and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsiblerisks.【正确答案】由于国家金融体系正濒临崩溃，一些大银行和金融机构高管人员的薪酬协议将再次受到严密的审查。银行家们过于冒险的行为是导致此次金融危机的一个重要原因，也是历史上其他金融危机产生的原因之一。而这次的危机由低利率引起，并在债务泡沫经济带来的虚假安全感下持续恶化。抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无偿还能力的人。他们拆分贷款并沿着这一链条把其出售给下一家金融机构。该机构利用同样的高技术证券化方式运作更大风险的抵押资产。金融监管将不得不与时俱进来应对造成银行以这种方式破产的极不

37、负责任的做法，以期防止下一次很可能包括不同金融技术和资产种类的危机。但是，审查薪酬制度这一根本问题是值得的。薪酬制度同短期利润和收益息息相关，从而会让银行家们不计后果地甘冒风险。第29题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely l

38、ess important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。less important意思是 不如.重要”,而 加scarcely之后,双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选C。第30题【单选题】The little boy still needs the 20 dollars to do with some thingsA、remaining;remained to be settledB、remaining;remaining to be settledC、remained;remained to settleD、remai

39、ned;remaining to settle【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一个remaining用作形容词，作 剩下的解;第二 个remaining to be settled是-ing形式短语作定语。第31题【单选题】My teacher once said to me,“If you dont quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing as Im having too much fun.My thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for a

40、ll myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we continue to support each other formany years to come!We can learn from the passage that.A、the author thinks writing on the Net is very easyB、the author has his first book published on the NetC、t

41、wo years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。由本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing知道作者感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第32题【单选题】Actually industry can vary a good deal o

42、ver the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】vary 改变；im prove改善，增进；提高 的价值。第33题【单选题】He has also included symbols to show which ions are nutrients,andwhich are common in soil or wa t e r.A、There have been many attempts to redesign the periodic tablesince Dmitri Mendeleev drew it up in

43、 1871.B And the size of element/s symbol reflects how much of it is foundin the Earths crust.C、Railsback has still ordered the elements according to the numberof protons they have.D、Raisback has listed some elements more than once.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo空格前的这句话是围绕symbol符号来讲述的；选 项B也是符号，即：元素符号的大小反映出它在地壳中被发

44、现的量。第34题【单选题】think the teacher is wr o n g,?”No,I dont think so.A、dont youB、dont IC、doesnt heD、doesn/t she【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。此题容易误选C或D,因为按照语法规则，I think后接宾语从句时，其反意疑问句与从句保持一致，但是退一步，即使按此规则，其反意疑问句也应是isMthe或isnt she之类的，而不是像C或D那样用doesnt he和doesn,t she。综合四个选项,最佳答案为A,don/t you为dontyou think so 之省略。第35题【单选题】M

45、illions of American families may now be in the initial stage of theirresponses to the current crisis,working together and supporting oneanother through the early months of unemployment.Todays economiccrisis could well generate a similar number of couples whoserelationships have been irreparably（无法弥补

46、地）ruined.So it is onlywhen the economy is healthy again that well begin to see just how manybroken families have been created.What can be inferred from the lastparagraph?A、A stable family is the best protection against poverty.B、Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.C、Few couples can stan

47、d the test of economic hardships.D、The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o推理判断题。最后一段指出，目前的经济危机极有可能会使得这些家庭分崩离析，无法弥补。唯有等到经济再次稳健之后我们才能发现多少家庭在此过程中支离破碎。由此可见，经济的复苏将会见证更高的离婚率，故答案为Do C“很少有夫妻能够经受得起经济危机的考验 属于过度推断，可以排除。A和B文章皆未提及。第36题【单选题】It was in foreign country I felt,for the

48、 first time in my life,regretful I was about the time wasted playing around.A、where,thatB、that,howC、that,whichD、where,how【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 该句是一个强调句，其中还有一个插入语for the first time in my life ,强调句的基本形式是“It is(was).that(who)./先行词是人时可用who代替th a t,否则一般用th a t,故排除A、D o 又因为regretful是一个形容词，故应用副词修饰，显然要舍去wh

49、ich而 用 how。第37题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活,劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而

50、是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A。本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是“国家 ，而是指“农村。第38题【单选题】You as well right.A、I areB、I amC、as I amD、as I are【正确答案】D【答案解析】you是这句话的主语，所以谓语用are。as wellas是固定搭配。所以第二个as不能少。第39题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、remo