2021年8月江苏河海大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年8月江苏河海大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们

2、却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】本句虽然用了连词while,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因 此while可译为 虽然。此句中的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥。第2题【单选题】When and where to build the new factory yet.A、is not decidedB、are not decidedC、has not decidedD、have not decided【正确答案】A 答案解析 When and where to build the new factory 是主语,视作单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。同时

3、这句话还要用被动语态，所以答案是A。第3题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第4题【单选题】He smiled,with the implication that he didn/t believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】implication n.含义；暗示；牵连，卷入；可能的结果，影响。第5题【单选题】There must be book which

4、could help.A、someB、anyC、oneD、one useful【正确答案】A【答案解析】som e除了用作数量词外，还可用来泛指未知的人或事物。又如:There must be some reason for what he hasdone.（他所做的事肯定基于某种原因。）第6题【单选题】Actually industry can vary a good deal over the centuries.A、alterB、improveC、alertD perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】vary 改变；im prove改善，增进；提高 的价值。第7题【单选题】Because

5、Helen is his wife,it is difficult for Alan to be about hertalent.A、subjectiveB、objectiveC、impressiveD、persuasive【正确答案】B【答案解析】subjective主观的。objective客观的。impressive印象深刻的。persuasive善于游说的。第8题【单选题】-What is that room?-we hold the meetings.A、The room isB、The room is the placeC、That/s the room whichD、Thats

6、where【正确答案】D【答案解析】此句是be动词后由where引导的表语从句。第9题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A、us from goingB、us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与 encourage互为反义词。英语中说 鼓励某人做某事 时使用encourage sb.to do sth.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage s

7、b.to do s th.,这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第10题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe 开处方，开(药)根 据 题 意，正确答案应为Bo第11题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g

8、e amount of rainfall will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第12题【单选题】I particularly want to pay tribute,not only to those who prepared themagnificent dinner,but also to those who have provided

9、the splendidmusic.A、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。B、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。C、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。D、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。【正确答案】A【答案解析】虽然原文只重复介词t o,译文还是要重复动词 赞扬；此外原文provide 一词比较笼统，译文用“演奏一词更为合适。第13题【单选题】For the purpose of thi

10、s Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate to its own nationals any persondomiciled in that State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人当作

11、本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。for the purpose of.是法律条文里常用的一个短语，意思相当于“就 而言，在此处翻译为“为实施本公约。第 14题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r有责任；有义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第 15题【单选题】The group does not advocate the use o

12、f violence.A、supportB、matterC、suitD、reach【正确答案】A【答案解析】advocate提倡，主张，拥护；support支持，支撑，支援。第 16题【单选题】If you keep on,youll succeed wish you success in theexaminations.A、in timeB、at one timeC、for the same timeD、sometimes【正确答案】A【答案解析】in time意为sooner or later即“早晚，终究。in time另一个意思是及时。第 17题【单选题】Many businessme

13、n attended the Boao Forum（博鳌论坛）because theyknew what from the forum.A、to getB、to be gotC、gotD、getting【正确答案】A【答案解析】英语中，许多动词(如know,decide?tell sb.z showsb.等)后可接疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式短语的结构来作宾语。题中 knew what to get 相当于 knew what they would get。第18题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanatio

14、n should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,Allensaid.We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biologicalexplanations.It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results,What can be inferred from what Allen said?A、Scienti

15、sts have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A。推理判断题。答题

16、原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely only般是错误的，排除 B C D.根据 Scientific conservatism suggeststhat a biological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressed0 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A一致。得到答案A。第19题【单选题】After Yang Li

17、wei succeeded in circling the earth,ourastronauts desire to do is walk in space.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：杨利伟成功环绕地球后，我们的宇航员所要做的就是太空行走。当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。第20题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three

18、-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第21题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r有 责

19、任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第22题【单选题】After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,ourastronauts desire to do is walk in space.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：杨利伟成功环绕地球后，我们的宇航员所要做的就是太空行走。当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能

20、省略。第23题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论;辩论会;dispute辩论;争吵。第24题【单选题】I have bought two b a llp e n s,w r it e s well.A、none of themB、neither of themC、neither of whichD、none of which【正确答案】C【答案解析】因 为 是two b

21、allpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念.因此，C是正确选项。第25题【单选题】In 1841,a book was published which astonished the world.It was called/zlincidents of Travel in Central America,Chiapas and Yucatan”.The authorJohn Loud Stephens had just returned from a long,difficult anddangerous journey through the thick rain forest

22、of southern Mexico andGuatemala.He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood,anarchitect and artist,to search for the remains of a lost civilization knownas the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time,but Catherwood/s drawing in the book showed incredible cities withtemples,

23、pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of theirnorthern neighbors,the Aztecs.These cities,however,were deserted.The inhabitants（居民）had disappeared almost a thousand yearsbefore.Stephen/s book astonished the world b e c a u s e.A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas

24、 were excellent builders and farmers.C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句 In 1841,a book was published which astonishedthe world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概括就得出正确答案：Do

25、第26题【单选题】Sally likes the present is not clear to me.A IfB、WhetherC、ThatD、What【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考if和whether的区别，一般情况下，两者常可换用，主语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether,if不能放在句首。第27题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲;刺激;神经冲动；推动力。第28题【单选题】the few who h

26、ave failed in their examination,all the otherstudents in the hall are in very high spirits.A、In spite thatB、But forC Apart fromD、For the sake of【正确答案】C【答案解析】apart from“除.之 夕 卜”,只有该词组符合题意。第29题【单选题】Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists-only job is to explo

27、re emotions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn/t always so.The earliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,

28、as wewent from Wordsworths daffodils to Baudelaire/s flowers of evil.By citingthe examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intendsto show t hat.A、poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB、art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC、poets today are less skeptica

29、l of happinessD、artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 Do事实细节题。根据题干信息我们定位到第2 段，该段可以分成两部分：第一部分是前两句，事实并非一直这样（艺术家将焦点投向消极的情感），最早的艺术形式是最适合表达快乐的；第二部分提到了华兹华斯的 水仙花和波德莱尔的 恶之花为例。按照议论文的论点论据的关系特点，首先提出论点然后以论据论证这个观点的正确性。本题举例部分为第2 段 第 3 句 中 a s 引导的时间状语从句，该句主句部分以及上文第2句就是论点所在。第 3句句首but一词暗示了“改

30、变。D是论点的概括。第30题【单选题】The government on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008,and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.A、spendingB、spentC、costD costing【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查的是现在分词的用法，spending onpurchase of cars在这里是一个现在分词短语。句 意:2008年政府花费了 800亿用于购车，并且一年的使用和维护费用则高达3000亿。第31题【单选题

31、】I hope the job she/s applied for.A、shes going to getB、shell getC、she is to getD、she decides to get【正确答案】B【答案解析】will或 shall用来表示希望或期望。因此在表示与希望有关的动词或动词短语的宾语从句中的将来时态时,要用will或shall。这些动词或短语是：hope,expect,be sure,believe,think,suppose,doubt 和 be afraid 等。第32题【单选题】Egypt,wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus,i

32、s the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 Ao wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式,其余部分作其宾语从句。第33题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat

33、given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】pr。p。rti。n部分，份儿，指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第34题【单选题】The old couple have been married for 40 years and never oncewith each other.A、they h

34、ad quarreledB、they have quarreledC、have they quarreledD、had they quarreled【正确答案】C【答案解析】考部分主谓倒装。否定句（如该句中的never）在 句 首 时，应 用 部 分 主 谓 倒 装。这 类 副 词 有：never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,little 等。这句话的意思是：那对老夫妇结婚已经四十年了，连一次架也没吵过。第35题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous university.A、honorB、appreciateC、prizeD、adm

35、it【正确答案】B【答案解析】admire钦佩；赞 美;appreciate欣赏。第36题【单选题】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing.Ifound writing for that site was not my cup of tea.However,myexperience there was positive as I was rewarded with even morelearning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the wa

36、ter.ThroughAssociated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging.I decidedto learn how to set up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer.What is the author/s purpose of using thesite Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo!Contributor Network.B、To

37、know more about other writers.C、To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how toset up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer确定D 答案。A 选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B 选项不是作者的目的；C 选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再

38、定为自己目标。第37题【单选题】He smiled,with the implication that he didn/t believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】implication n.含义；暗示；牵连，卷入；可能的结果，影响。第38题【单选题】We talked of our plans to wed and start a family,once we were settled inLos Angeles,and we listened to the rain.A、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，外头还

39、下着雨。B、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，开始新的生活。我们议论着，还听着外头的雨声。C、我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚，就结婚，组织家庭。我们一面议论，一面听着外头的雨声。D、一旦在洛杉矶落住脚，我们就打算结婚，建立家庭。我们一面议论着，而且一面听着外头的雨声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查句子中并列动词的翻译。to wed and start a family,once we were settled in Los Angeles是plan的同位语，而句子的主干是两个并列的动词，Wetalked of our plans and we listened to the

40、rain.汉语中与之相对的是“一面，一 面.。第39题【单选题】The flood went down,leaving the village destroyed.A、mainlyB、completelyC、exactlyD、thoroughly【正确答案】B【答案解析】mainly主要的。completely完 全 的（强调整体性）。thoroughly彻 底 的（强调无疏漏）。第40题【单选题】water.for a long time,most of the crops in this area died from lackingA、Being no rainB、There was no

41、 rainC、To be no rainD、There being no rain【正确答案】D【答案解析】There being no rain为 there be句型的独立主格形式。第41题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查，质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第42题【单选题】In th

42、is context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正

43、确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第43题【单选题】I four universities and was accepted by all of them.A、applied toB、applied fromC、applied inD、applied off【正确答案】A【答案解析】题目意思：我申请了四所大学，并都被他们录取了。apply t o 向 正式申请；向 要

44、求，答案选A。第44题【单选题】Cost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第45题【单选题】The ISU wont finally approve the new system until it meets in June butalready UK Sport,the British Governments sports body,has expressedreservations.I remain to be

45、convinced that the random selectionsystem would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethicalsport is looking for,says Jerry Bingham,UK Sports head of ethics.Theattitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISUcan be best described as.A、indifferent.B、reserved.C、enthu

46、siastic.D、positive.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 根据本段第一句话可知英国对他们提出的新规则是持保留态度的。第46题【单选题】Our neighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in shortB、in secretC、in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain白白地，徒劳。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第47题【单选

47、题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protections and died young.Inthe West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that theirsouls were in danger and that they w

48、ould someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bummer”(Line 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题。本段第1 句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时

49、刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(surrounded by reminders of misery)。段落最后一句话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bummertoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除第1 句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B 符合要求。第48题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain

50、 and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we disc