高中英语2024届高考复习单词汇总1031（共七大类）.doc

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1、高考英语单词（一）break的短语break away (from) 逃脱，挣脱，逃离 She started crying and tried to break away.break down机器出故障；身体垮掉 The car broke down just north of Paris.（谈判/关系）失败 Negotiations broke down after only two days.分解 Food is broken down in the stomach.（精神崩溃）禁不住哭出来 She broke down in tears when she heard the news.

2、打破，消除（人与人之间的隔阂）Getting young people together will help to break down the barriers between them. 拆分某事物，把某事物分成若干部分以方便做或理解The question can be broken down into two parts. breakdown n.(汽车或机器的故障( (谈判/关系的)破裂,失败 分解 精神崩溃Always carry a phone with you in case you have a breakdown on the motorway.He moved away

3、after the breakdown of his marriage.the breakdown of proteins in the digestive system 蛋白质在消化系统中的分解I was worried he might have a breakdown if he carried on working so hard.break in打断，插嘴 I didnt want to break in on his telephone conversation.破门而入（break into）不加宾语 Thieves broke in and stole 10,000 worth

4、 of computer equipment.break into可以直接加宾语破门而入break into the house break into laughter / a song / applause 突然笑起来/唱起来/鼓起掌来（burst into）break out不愉快之事爆发，突然发生 I was still living in London when the war broke out.break through 冲破，突破Several demonstrators broke through the barriers despite warnings from the p

5、olice.The sun broke throughat around lunch time. breakthrough n.突破; 重大进展break up（使）破碎 It seems that the plane just broke up in the air.（关系）破裂 He lost his job and his marriage broke up .分拆某物 There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies.驱散集会或抗议的人群Government soldie

6、rs broke up the demonstration .（二）1.mean adj.刻薄的 It was mean of him not to invite her吝啬的 Hes too mean to buy a present for his wife.v.mean-meant-meant意思是，表示的意思: mean sth. mean (that)The red light means Stop.I mean that you should work harder.意欲，打算mean to do sthIve been meaning to ask you if you want

7、 to come for a meal next week.意味着 mean (that) mean doingThe high cost of housing means that many young people cant afford to buy a house.This new order meant working overtime.means n.单复数同形 手段, 方法, 工具 means of transport交通工具by all means当然可以 by no means / not by any means 决不，一点都不2.settle坐下;（使）处于舒适的位置 T

8、he dog settled on the grass to enjoy its bone.She settled herself into her chair and starred to read.(使)平静，(使)安定She breathed deep to settle her nerves.定居（于）Luo Yan and his wife and son have settled in the big city, far away from their hometown.结束，解决（争论）settle an argument 常用于被动语态确定；决定-When do you go

9、to America?你什么时候去美国？-Nothings settled yet.一切待定。灰尘、雪等降落; 鸟、昆虫等停落结清，结算 settle a bill（三）1.disturb v.干扰，打扰 Sorry to disturb you, but I have an urgent message.弄乱，搞乱 I promise not to disturb anything.使焦虑；使不安 What disturbs you most about this latest development?disturbing adj.令人不安的，使人震惊的 a disturbing incre

10、ase in the crime rate 令人不安的犯罪率的增长 disturbed adj.不安的，烦恼的 I was deeply disturbed and depressed by the news.这消息使我深感不安和沮丧。精神失常的，有精神病的 mentally / emotionally disturbed2.regret v.后悔，遗憾 regretted, regrettingregret to do sth.对要做的事很遗憾I regret to tell you that you failed the test. regret doing/having done sth

11、 后悔做了某事 I now regret leaving school so young.n.have no regrets about sth.对.不后悔 (much) to ones regret (特别)令某人遗憾的是 regretful 后悔的3.content n.contents pl. 所容纳之物；所含之物The customs official rummaged through the contents of his briefcase.海关官员把他公文包里的物品翻了个遍。She hadnt read the letter and so was unaware of its c

12、ontents. 她没有看过那封信,所以对其内容一无所知。sing.尤指食物或饮料中某物质的含量 the fat content of cheese 干酪的脂肪含量adj.满意的be content with 对感到满意(be satisfied/pleased with) We shouldnt be content with the achievements already gained.我们不应该满足于已取得的成绩。be content to do sth.愿意/满意做某事We were content to see our players achieving so much in th

13、e Olympic Winter Games.我们满意地看到我们的运动员们在冬奥会上取得如此大的成就。 to ones hearts content尽情地, 心满意足地I was delighted to be able to enjoy my favourite dishes to my hearts content.v.使满意；使满足 My apology seemed to content him.我的道歉好像使他感到满意。（四）1.cover1).包括，包含Secondary school in the US usually covers seven years, grade six

14、to twelve.2).覆盖The mountain was covered with snow.3).盖，遮 Cover the pot and bake for an hour.4).走完路程，看完书They were hoping to cover 40 miles yesterday.5).占地为 The city covers 25 square miles.6).报道 I want our best reporters sent to cover the trial.7).足够支付The award should be enough to cover her medication

15、 fees.2.measurev.测量; 量估量，衡量某物的重要性、价值或真正性质【SYN】 assessEducation shouldnt be measured purely by examination results.link-v (指尺寸、长短、数量等)量度为【无被动】Itmeasures 20 yards from side to side.从这边到那边的距离为20码。The new bridge,measuring twice as long as the old one, was completed last month.The pond measures about 2 m

16、etres across.这个池塘宽约 2 米。n.措施 take measures to do sth 采取措施做某事（五）1.bring up 抚养，养育(raise) 提出 呕吐Hewas brought up by his grandparents.Why did you have tobring up the subject of money? I had a sandwich for lunch and promptly(立即，马上) brought it up again.2.permit v.允许permit/allow/forbid sb to do sth permit/a

17、llow/forbid doing sth.weather/time permitting天气/时间允许的话permission许可；准许ask permission 请求许可 with/without permission 在某人的许可下/未经某人的许可He entered the room without permission.3. account账户 a joint account叙述，描述，报道 give an account of sth take sth into account 把某事考虑进去I sincerely hope that you will take my sugge

18、stions into account. on account of 因为，由于 on no account 绝不On no account should the soldiers be blamed for what happened.v. account for占一定数量或比例Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.是的原因；解释，说明【SYN】 explain Can youaccount for your behaviors on that night?4.spot n.点地点

19、，处所 a scenic spot 风景胜地斑点，污点 on the spot立即，马上; 当场He had to make a decision on the spot.在现场We ought to find out the views of the people on the spot.v.发现，注意到I spotted a police car behind us.我发现有辆警车在我们后面。It can be hard for even a trained doctor to spot the symptoms of lung cancer.即使是训练有素的医生也很难看出肺癌的症状。 s

20、pot sb doing sth.发现某人在做某事Meg spotted someone coming out of the building.梅格看到有个人从大楼里出来。be spotted with散布; 点缀The night sky is spotted with twinkling stars.闪烁的星星点缀着夜空。put sb.on the spot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪Dont put me on the spot like this.You know I cant give you confidential information. 别这样让我为难, 你知道

21、我不能给你机密信息的。（六）1.turn的短语turn around/round转过身来 转变，好转turn away打发走，驱逐 转过脸去turn against变得敌视，反对turn back返回，转回去turn down调低 拒绝turn in上缴，上交(hand in)turn into变成，成为turn off / on关闭/打开turn ones back on 背对；背弃, 对置之不理turn over 翻身 反复考虑 移交（权力）turn out 结果是 生产 关掉，熄灭turn to 向某人求助 开始使用 翻到 变成，变得2.set的短语set down 卸下 写下ser o

22、ut 出发,动身 开始着手做set about doing = set out to do开始着手做set off/out for sp.出发去某地set up建立 establishset.free 释放set fire to/set.on fire放火烧set an example to给树立榜样set sth aside省出，留出（钱或时间）be set in以为背景set off出发，动身 引起，激发 引发爆炸触响警报系统3.serve v.提供/端上饭菜 serve food to sb 为.服务 serve sb(在部队)服役 serve in the army 服刑，坐牢 ser

23、ve a four-year sentenceserve sb sth.serve sth to sb.用.招待某人 serve as充当，担任 The sofa can serve as a bed.4.benefit n.好处，益处，裨益be of benefit (to sb)补助金，福利; 保险金families on benefit 领救济金的家庭慈善音乐会/义演/义赛 a benefit concert for famine reliefbe of (great)benefit to 对(很)有益to sb.s benefit 对某人有利 vt.使受益 benefit sb In

24、my opinion, students can benefit a lot from doing some housework. vi.得益于, 得利于 benefit by/from得益于beneficial adj.有利的, 有用的 be beneficial to.对有益（七）1.die短语die of (disease/hunger/grief/old age) 死于（疾病，饥饿，寒冷，情感原因）die from死于（意外事故、情形）die away渐渐消逝die out灭绝，绝种die down逐渐变弱，逐渐减低die off 相继死去 2.reserve vt.保留；保存；储备O

25、pportunitiesare always reserved forthose who are prepared.机会总是留给有准备的人。Illreserve my judgmentuntil l find all the evidence.在找到所有证据之前我将保留忘见。预订 (book):reserve a room /seat /ticket预订房间/预订座位/订票Id like toreserve a table for fiveat eight oclock.我想预订一个八点钟供五人用餐的桌位。 reservation n.保留；预定n.【常用复数】储备oil / gold / f

26、uel /foreign-currency reserves石油/黄金/燃料/外汇储备It took my lastreserves of strengthto make a dash for the finish line 我用尽了最后一点力气冲向终点。C（野生动植物的）保护区 (AmE preserve)a nature/game/wildlife reserve自然保护区/禁猎区/野生动植物保护区3.sensitive adj.容易生气的, 敏感的【OPP】insensitive be sensitive about对很在意的/容易生气的Hewas very sensitive abou

27、this scar and thought everyone was staring at him. 他对自己的伤疤很敏感,以为每个人都在盯着他看。体贴的,善解人意的 be sensitive to 对敏感的/体恤的Im sensitive tothe needs of the disabled.我能够明白残疾人的需要。敏感的, 易受影响的, 过敏的be sensitive to 对敏感的/过敏的Older people tend tobe very sensitive to cold.老年人一般对寒冷都很敏感。Hes sensitive and rather serious, which s

28、ometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish.他敏感而且相当严肃,这有时使他显得有点书呆子气。4.devotion n.挚爱；关爱；关照Hisdevotion to his wife and family is touching.他对妻子和家人的关爱感人至深。奉献，忠心 the soldiers courage and devotion to duty 这些士兵的勇气和忠于职守devote to 致力于 be devoted to专心于5.attach v.系; 绑; 贴; 固定; 连接;附上;【SYN】 fix attach sth to

29、sth.把附在上Attach a recent photograph toyour application form.申请表上请贴一张近照。be attached to sb / sth喜欢（依恋）某人/某物Its easy to become attached to the children you work with.很容易喜欢上和你相处的孩子们。attach importance / significance to sth重视某事物，认为某事物很重要It must be stressed that we should attach great importance to environm

30、ental protection. 必须着重指出的是,我们应该重视环保。与联系起来，与有牵连 No blame can be attached to Roy for the incident.这事件罗伊一点责任也没有。attached adj.依恋的 附属的Wevegrown very attached tothis house.我们变得非常喜欢这座房子。The research unitis attached tothe university.这个研究单位附属于大学。attachment n.喜爱，爱慕，依恋 a childs attachment to its mother附件，附属物 The vacuum cleaner has various attachments.这台真空吸尘器有各种附件。7