专题03 关系代词引导的定语从句-高一英语语法透析与专练(译林版2020).docx
《专题03 关系代词引导的定语从句-高一英语语法透析与专练(译林版2020).docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《专题03 关系代词引导的定语从句-高一英语语法透析与专练(译林版2020).docx(9页珍藏版)》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、专题03 关系代词引导的定语从句-牛津译林版(2020)英语高一语法透析与专练一 、定语从句的先行词和关系词在复合句中作定语,修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由关系词引导。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,若省略,主句的内容就不完整或失去意义;它和主句的关系十分密切,不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。关系词指代先行词,在从句中作一定的句子成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有which,that,who,whom,whose,as等。观察一下这些句子,找出他们的关系词是哪些?1Do you know the man that/who is w
2、aiting outside.2He showed me the photos (that/which) he took on his trip to Xian.3Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen.4I like the way (that/in which) she smiles.5The trees that/which are behind the office building have lost their leaves.6Then another big quake which was almost as strong
3、as the first one shook Tangshan.7The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.8Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.1)、定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分,从构成上而言,它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等;从句子成分上而言,它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。下面,我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布:请找出下列定语从句中的先
4、行词:Is this the book which your father bought for you?the bookWho is the man that is speaking to your mother?the manThey rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. the manSome people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields. some people2)、关系代词的用法1that的用法that既可指人也可指物
5、,在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语、状语或表语,而且作宾语或状语时常可省略。This is the book.I want to read it.This is the book (that)I want to read.这就是我想读的那本书。(that指代the book,在定语从句中充当宾语)使用定语从句合并句子,并写出关系词that在从句中作什么成分:This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.This is the house that Lu Xun once lived in(that在定语从句中作宾语)Jack is no long
6、er a lazy boy.He used to be a lazy boy.Jack is no longer a lazy boy that he used to be(that在定语从句中作表语)The boy is Tom.The boy is studying in the classroom.The boy that is studying in the classroom is Tom.(that在定语从句中作主语)I dont like the way.He looks at me in the way.I dont like the way that he looks at
7、me(that在定语从句中作状语)2which的用法which指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,常与that互换使用。The houses overlook the lake.They cost more.The houses which/that overlook the lake cost more.俯瞰湖泊的房子价格高一些。(which/that指代the houses,在定语从句中充当主语)单句语法填空Maybe you have a habit that/which is driving your family crazy.Finally he reached a lonely isl
8、and that/which was completely cut off from the outside world.3who的用法who指人,在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。The tall man is Yao Ming.Yao Ming is playing basketball.The tall man who is playing basketball is Yao Ming.正在打篮球的那个很高的人是姚明。(who指代Yao Ming,在定语从句中充当主语)通常只能用who的情况:先行词是指_人_的不定代词one, ones, nobody, everyone或a
9、nyone时。先行词是_those_时。在非限制性定语从句中修饰人且做主语时。写出下列句子中who作什么成分Dickson is an able worker who we all value highly. 宾语The boy who is standing there is my cousin. 主语4whom的用法whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,常可省略。This is the girl.I met the girl in the street.This is the girl whom I met in the street.这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。(whom指代the girl
10、,在定语从句中充当宾语)翻译句子大家都喜欢的这位男士很善良。The man (whom) everyone likes is kind.杰克不再是五年前我见到的杰克了。Jack is no longer the person(that/who/whom)I met five years ago.5whose的用法whose既可指人也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,指人时,相当于of whom the;指物时,相当于of which the。I have read the book.I like its characters very much.I have read the book whose/
11、of which the characters I like very much.我已经读了这本书,我很喜欢它里面的人物。(whose指代先行词the book,在定语从句中充当定语)解题技巧: The house whose roof is brown is mine.还可以写成:The house ,the roof of which is brown ,is mine.The house, of which the roof is brown ,is mine.用定语从句合并句子This is the scientist.His achievements are well known.T
12、his is the scientist whose achievements are well knownDont stand close to the house.Its roof is under repair.Dont stand close to the house whose roof is under repairThis is my school. The buildings of the school are built on the top of a hill.= This is my school _ buildings are built on the top of a
13、 hill.=This is my school _are built on the top of a hill.=This is my school _are built on the top of a hill.【答案】whose the buildings of which of which the buildings6关系代词that与which的区别情况用that还是which先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰that先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰that先行词由the very,the only等修饰that先行词既指人也指物that先行词前有疑问代词whi
14、ch时thatthere be句型中,句子的主语是先行词而且又是指物的名词that句中已经出现过that或which交替使用先行词为主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语that关系代词前面有介词which关系代词后面带有插入语which通常只能用that的情况:当先行词是指物的不定代词all, much, little, few, none, , anything, nothing,everything等时 (something后可以用which)。先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。先行词既指人又物时。先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级
15、修饰时。先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。句子前面已经出现who, which时。先行词在主句中作表语,或关系代词在从句中作表语时。通常只能用which的情况:引导非限制性定语从句修饰_物_或整个句子时。如果句中有两个定语从句,修饰某物时,其中一个用了that,另一个最好用which。先行词本身就是that时。先行词指物时,介词之后须用which. 选词填空:which和thatThe scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.
16、Here is the book about which I told you yesterday.This is the best way that is to be used against pollution.Here is the English grammar book which,as Ive told you,will help you improve your English.All the presents that your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.This is the very book
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 专题03 关系代词引导的定语从句-高一英语语法透析与专练译林版2020 专题 03 关系 代词 引导 定语 从句 英语语法 透析 译林版 2020
限制150内