第09讲 语法填空入门（解析版）.docx

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1、第09讲 语法填空入门（解析版）1初步掌握语法填空的常考语法点和词性分类2能够运用一些有效的技巧正确做题语法填空10个空格具体考察情况分类：空格情况词性考查考点分布给出具体单词名词单复数、所有格形容词/副词比较级最高级动词各种常考时态被动语态不定式to do动名词doing两种分词doing和done没给具体单词冠词定冠词a/an，不定冠词the介词固定搭配及上下文含义代词 人称代词、物主代词、指示代词不定代词反身代词it连接词定语从句主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句状语从句强调句连词并列句考点一：动词、名词、形容词、副词例1At last years Singles Day shopping s

2、pree (狂欢), domestic brands_41_ (fill) up the shopping cart of Wang Xinyi, _42_ university student from Southwest Chinas Chongqing.Wang said many young Chinese _45_ (increase) chose domestic brands, _46_ (add) that this trend could not only satisfy consumers needs but incorporate (融入) traditional Chi

3、nese culture into the products.Nearly 70% of post-90s and around 80% of post-00s generations prefer to buy domestic brands. Young consumers have _47_ (strong) confidence and a higher sense of national identity than those of other groups. Overall, Chinese peoples interest in domestic products increas

4、ed by 528 percent _48_ (compare) with 10 years ago.【答案】41. filled 46. adding 47. stronger 48. compared 【解析】【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在去年的双十一购物狂欢中，国内品牌塞满了Wang Xinyi的购物车，Wang Xinyi是来自中国西南部重庆的一名大学生。根据句子分析可知，domestic brands为主语，此空为谓语动词，时间状语为“At last years Singles Day shopping spree”，为过去的时间，故用一般过去时，空格处是过去式，故填fille

5、d。【46题详解】考查现在分词。句意：Wang Xinyi说，许多中国年轻人越来越多地选择国产品牌，并补充说这一趋势不仅能满足消费者的需求，还能将中国传统文化融入到产品中。根据句子分析可知，非谓语动词add与Wang之间为主动关系，故用现在分词做状语，表主动，故填adding。【47题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：年轻顾客比其他人对国内产品有更强的信心，并且有高的国家认同感。根据空后的“and a higher sense”可知，and连接前后相同的比较级，故此空也应用形容词比较级，故填stronger。【48题详解】考查过去分词。句意：总的来说，与十年前相比，中国人对国内品牌的兴趣增加了52

6、8%。根据句子分析可知，空处需填非谓语动词，Chinese peoples interest和compare为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式表被动。故填compared。Have you ever had such_41_ experience that you reached into your drawer and pulled out socks that_42_ (definite) didnt match, but wore them anyway? Call it lazy or call it a style statement, it_43_(happen) all the t

7、ime. Realizing this, two teens Carly and Charley decided to make a business out of it.They include motivational words on every sock to encourage girls_45_ (celebrate) their differences.And they_48_(carry) on the tradition of giving back since then for every pair of socks sold.【答案】42. definitely 43.

8、happens 45. to celebrate 48. have carried 【解析】【42题详解】考查副词。句意：你是否有过这样的一次经历：你从抽屉里拿出一双根本不相配的袜子，但还是把它们穿了起来？该空修饰后面的动词didnt match，用副词。故填definitely。【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：叫它“懒惰”或者叫它“时尚”，它经常发生。描述经常或反复发生的事情，用一般现在时，且主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填happens。【45题详解】考查固定短语。句意：她们在每只袜子上都印上励志的话，鼓励女孩们庆祝她们的不同。固定短语：encourage sb. to do

9、 sth.“鼓励某人做某事”。故填to celebrate。【48题详解】考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，她们就一直延续着回馈社会的传统每卖出一双袜子，她们就会向有需要的人捐赠一双。根据since then可知，用现在完成时。故填have carried。考点二：冠词、介词、连词、代词、从句连接词例2At last years Singles Day shopping spree (狂欢), domestic brands_41_ (fill) up the shopping cart of Wang Xinyi, _42_ university student from Southwest C

10、hinas Chongqing.“Most of us choose domestic products owing to the fact _43_ they are cost-effective and high in quality” said Wang, _44_ bought daily necessities, clothes and digital products made by local brands during last weeks shopping festival.【答案】 42. a 43. that 44. who 【解析】【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：句意：在

11、去年的双十一购物狂欢中，国内品牌塞满了Wang Xinyi的购物车，Wang Xinyi是来自中国西南部重庆的一名大学生。根据句子分析可知，student为可数名词，且此处表泛指“一个学生”，university的音素是以辅音开头，故用冠词a，故填a。【43题详解】考查同位语从句。句意：“我们大多数人选择国货是因为它们性价比高，质量好”，Wang Xinyi说，他在上周的购物节期间购买了当地品牌的日用品、衣服和数码产品。根据句子分析可知，抽象名词the fact后跟同位语从句，进一步解释说明the fact的具体内容，从句不缺成分，意思完整，故用that引导，故填that。【44题详解】考查定

12、语从句。句意：“我们大多数人选择国货是因为它们性价比高，质量好”，Wang Xinyi说，他在上周的购物节期间购买了当地品牌的日用品、衣服和数码产品。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词Wang是人，因此空格处用关系代词who，故填who。Have you ever had such_41_ experience that you reached into your drawer and pulled out socks that_42_ (definite) didnt match, but wore them anyway? “_47_we realized it was

13、 a business opportunity, too, we came up with Single Sox.” And they_48_(carry) on the tradition of giving back since then for every pair of socks sold, they donate a pair to those_49_ need.The girls best advice for other future girl bosses? “Start small and remember to never give up. It takes a lot

14、of hard work and sometimes youll make mistakes, _50_keep trying. Its a learning process, for sure.”【答案】41. an 47. Once 49. in 50. but【解析】【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：你是否有过这样的一次经历：你从抽屉里拿出一双根本不相配的袜子，但还是把它们穿了起来？此处泛指“一次经历”，且experience是以元音音素开头的词，用不定冠词an。故填an。【47题详解】考查连接词。句意：一旦我们意识到这也是一个商业机会时，我们就想出了Single Sox。文中表示“一旦”，

15、用连接词once，句子第一个单词首字母大写。故填Once。【49题详解】考查固定短语。句意：从那时起，她们就一直延续着回馈社会的传统每卖出一双袜子，她们就会向有需要的人捐赠一双。固定短语：in need“在危难中，在穷困中的”。故填in。【50题详解】考查连词。句意：这需要很多的努力，有时你会犯错误，但是继续努力。“这需要很多的努力，有时你会犯错误”和“继续努力”之间是转折关系，用连词but。故填but。考点三：词性转换例3Wang said many young Chinese _45_ (increase) chose domestic brands, _46_ (add) that th

16、is trend could not only satisfy consumers needs but incorporate (融入) traditional Chinese culture into the products.The _49_ (improve) in quality and branding have helped promote domestic products. Besides, domestic brands have become popular among young consumers due to their _50_ (innovate) use of

17、traditional Chinese elements and culture.【答案】45. increasingly 49. improvements 50. innovative【解析】【45题详解】考查副词。句意：Wang Xinyi说，许多中国年轻人越来越多地选择国产品牌，并补充说这一趋势不仅能满足消费者的需求，还能将中国传统文化融入到产品中。根据句子分析可知，many young Chinese做主语，chose为谓语动词，故此空用副词increasingly作状语修饰动词chose，故填increasingly。【49题详解】考查名词复数。句意：质量的提高以及品牌化促进了国内产

18、品的发展。空格处应用名词improvement作主语，由后面的have可知，空格处用复数，故填improvements。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：此外，国产品牌因其对中国传统元素和文化的创新运用而受到年轻消费者的欢迎。根据空后的名词use可知，此空应填形容词innovative作定语修饰名词，innovative意为“创新的”，故填innovative。With a slogan of “Be yourself”, Single Sox aims to solve the common problem of the_44_ (miss) socks. The girls sell soc

19、ks in packs of three so you can mix and match as you wish. “We originally started with the Odd-Sox Project where we collect loose socks and donate them to the_46_ (home),” explained the girls. 【答案】44. missing 46. homeless 【解析】【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：Single Sox以“做你自己”为口号，旨在解决“丢失的袜子”这个普遍问题。分析句子结构，该空作定语，修饰名词so

20、cks，用形容词。故填missing。【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：“在Odd-Sox中，我们最初是通过收集松脱的袜子，然后把它们捐赠给无家可归的人，”女孩们解释说。the +形容词，表示一类人，根据语境可知，此处指“无家可归的人”。故填homeless。【江苏省常州高级中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期中英语试卷】第二节 语法填空(共10题;每题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。There have been a lot of _36_ (argue) about the junk (垃圾) that pops up in the for

21、m of game-related push notices on smartphones where their kids play video games. In fact, that happens because app developers take advantage of algorithms (演算法) to get more hits and reading counts, _37_ they believe increase their data flow and trick users to visit their pages.However, this kind of

22、“smartness” is bad for users, for the information sent this way is rarely of any educational value and beyond the _38_ (recognize) of children. Once they get trapped in this “information cocoon (保护罩)”, it isnt _39_ (benefit) to their learning process.To prevent that from happening, market regulators

23、 need to _40_ (strength) management of app algorithms and they could also improve the technology to prevent users from getting addicted to junk information. _41_ (addition), the laws must _42_ (make) so that smart phone apps dont continue helping those advertisers _43_ target is to make profit by sp

24、reading junk. Although increased data flow is meant _44_ (attract) commercial advertisements, media outlets shouldnt pursue profit at the cost of youngsters mental growth. Finally, children need to be taught how to tell junk from useful information, thus keeping them _45_ (concentrate) on the right

25、thing.For that to happen, both schools and parents need to make joint efforts to teach them how to use apps to broaden their knowledge and avoid getting lost in the ocean of useless information.【答案】36. arguments 37. which 38. recognition 39. beneficial 40. strengthen 41. Additionally 42. be made 43.

26、 whose 44. to attract 45. concentrating 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要以“孩子在玩电子游戏的智能手机上弹出游戏相关的推送通知”为话题进行说明，开发商这样做是为了增加数据流，但是这样做对于孩子来说弊大于益。为了避免这种形式的“吸流”，市场监管应该加强应用程序算法的管理，制定法律法规防止“垃圾推送”；学校和家长需要共同努力，教他们如何使用应用程序来扩大他们的知识，避免迷失在无用信息的海洋中。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：关于在孩子玩电子游戏的智能手机上以游戏相关推送通知的形式弹出的垃圾信息，有很多争论。分析句子可知，此空应填名词，argument表“争论”

27、，为可数名词，且a lot of后可数名词应用复数。故填arguments。【37题详解】考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：事实上，这是因为应用程序开发人员利用算法获得更多点击率和阅读计数，他们认为这增加了数据流，欺骗用户访问他们的页面。分析可知，“ 2 they believe increase their data flow and trick users to visit their pages”为非限制性定语从句，先行词为之前整个句子，在从句中作主语（they believe是插入语），应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，这种“聪明”对用

28、户来说是不好的，因为通过这种方式发送的信息很少有任何教育价值，而且超出了儿童的认知范围。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，且recognition表“认知，（主观）识别”，为不可数名词。故填recognition。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：一旦孩子们被困在这个“信息茧”中，这对他们的学习过程是没有好处的。分析可知，所填空应是形容词作表语。benefit为名词，意为“益处”，其形容词为“beneficial（有益的）”。故填beneficial。【40题详解】考查词性转换。句意：为了防止这种情况的发生，市场监管机构需要加强对应用程序算法的管理，他们也可以改进技术，防止用户沉迷于垃圾信

29、息。分析可知，need to do sth.表“需要做某事”，为固定用法，所填空应是动词原形。strength为名词，意为“力量”，其动词形式为strengthen，意为“加强；巩固”。故填strengthen。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析句子可知，此空应填副词修饰作状语，修饰后面整个句子，且句位于句首时首字母应大写。故填Additionally。【42题详解】考查被动语态。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知，所填空与空前mu

30、st作复合谓语，动词make意为“制定”，与主语“the laws (法律)”之间为被动关系，应是含有情态动词的被动结构must be done形式。故填be made。【43题详解】考查定语从句引导词。句意：此外，必须制定法律，以防止智能手机应用程序继续帮助那些目标是通过传播垃圾信息来盈利的广告商。分析可知，“ 8 target is to make profit by spreading junk”为非限制性定语从句，先行词those advertisers (那些广告商)在从句中作定语，与空后“target (目标；目的)”之间为所属关系，所以应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whos

31、e。【44题详解】考查非谓语。句意：虽然增加的数据流旨在吸引商业广告，媒体不应该以牺牲青少年的心理成长为代价来追求利润。分析可知，be meant to do表“目的是；旨在”，为固定搭配。故填to attract。【45题详解】考查非谓语。句意：最后，需要教孩子们如何区分有用信息和垃圾信息，从而使他们集中精力在正确的事情上。keep sb. doing意为“让某人一直做某事；让某人持续做某事”，为固定搭配，doing为现在分词作宾语补足语。故填concentrating。【江苏省丹阳市2022-2023学年高一上学期期中统考英语试卷】第二节 短文语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

32、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When we talk, we often make hand movements _36_ (call) gestures at the same time. _37_ almost everyone gestures when they talk, we usually do not even notice the gestures. However, our hand gestures play _38_ important role in helping us learn and remember!When learni

33、ng a foreign language, most people fall back on _39_ (tradition) methods: reading, writing, listening and repeating. But if you also gesture with your arms while studying, you can remember the vocabulary _40_ (well), even months later. Linking a word to brain areas responsible for movement _41_ (str

34、ength) the memory of its meaning. This is mainly because gestures take away some of the work from learning, _42_ (leave) our brains to focus on memorizing the vocabulary.Gesturing also helps to put new vocabulary into context and makes it easier _43_ (remember). When people gesture, they mentally pl

35、ace themselves in situations _44_ are memorable for them. For example, an individual will have an easier time remembering the word “walking” after connecting it _45_ a personal memory of physical walking.【答案】36. called 37. Although#Though#While 38. an 39. traditional 40. better 41. strengthens 42. l

36、eaving 43. to remember 44. that#which 45. with#to【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了手势在帮助我们学习和记忆中扮演着重要的角色，因为手势有助于加强记忆。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们说话时，我们经常同时做手势。分析句子结构可知call与逻辑主语movement构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填called。【37题详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管几乎每个人在说话的时候都会做手势，但我们通常甚至不会注意到这些手势。引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”应用although、though或while，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Although/T

37、hough/While。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：然而，我们的手势在帮助我们学习和记忆中扮演着重要的角色！结合句意表示“扮演着重要的角色”可知短语为play an important role in。故填an。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：在学习一门外语时，大多数人都采用传统的方法：读、写、听和重复。修饰名词methods应用形容词traditional，作定语。故填traditional。【40题详解】考查比较级。句意：但如果你在学习时也用手臂做手势，你可以更好地记住词汇，甚至几个月后。结合句意表示“更好”应用well的比较级。故填better。【41题详解】考查动词。句意：将一个单词

38、与大脑中负责运动的区域联系起来可以加强对其含义的记忆。作谓语，表示“加强”应用动词strengthen，陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为动名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填strengthens。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这主要是因为手势减少了学习的工作量，让我们的大脑专注于记忆词汇。分析句子结构可知leave与逻辑主语This is mainly because gestures take away some of the work from learning构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：手势还有助于将新词汇放入上下文，使

39、其更容易记忆。此处为make it adj. to do sth.，不定式作真正宾语。故填to remember。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当人们做手势时，他们在心理上将自己置于一个对他们来说难忘的情境中。定语从句修饰先行词situations，在从句中作主语，指物，故用that或which。故填that/which。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：例如，当一个人将“走路”这个词与他个人关于走路的记忆联系起来时，他会更容易记住这个词。此处为短语connect with/to表示“与联系起来”。故填with/to。【江苏省海安市2021-2022高一年级上学期学业质量监测英语试卷】第二节（

40、共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Festivals _36_(celebrate) all around the world. They have a wide range of _37_(origin), such as religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has _38_(it) different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they

41、may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals._39_ all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important _40_(agriculture) festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in

42、. People celebrate _41_(show) that they are grateful for the years supply of food.Customs play a significant and relatively stable role in festivals, _42_ sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modem society, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.Festivals

43、 are an important part of society. They are occasions _43_ allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand _44_ we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. If you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cult

44、ures _45_(actual) have a lot in common after all.【答案】36. are celebrated 37. origins 38. its 39. Of 40. agricultural 41. to show 42. but 43. that#which 44. where 45. actually【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了世界各地都在庆祝节日，介绍了节日的起源以及与丰收节相关的知识。【36题详解】考查时态语态。句意：世界各地都在庆祝节日。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为Festivals，谓语用复数

45、。故填are celebrated。【37题详解】考查名词的数。句意：它们有广泛的起源，如宗教、著名人物和重要事件。origin为可数名词，由a wide range of修饰应用复数形式。故填origins。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：每个节日都有不同的习俗和独特的魅力。修饰后文different customs and unique charms应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：在所有的传统节日中，丰收节几乎可以在每一种文化中找到。结合句意表示“在所有当中”可知短语为of all，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Of。【40题详解】考查形容词。句意：这个重要

46、的农业节日是在所有的庄稼都收割完毕后举行的。修饰后文名词festival应用形容词agricultural，作定语。故填agricultural。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们庆祝是为了表示他们对这一年的食物供应表示感激。此处show在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to show。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：习俗在节日中扮演着重要且相对稳定的角色，但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。结合前后文语境，上文提到习俗在节日中扮演着重要且相对稳定的角色，后文则说有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变，为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们是让我们放松和享受生活的场合，让我们暂时忘记工作。此处为定语从句修饰先行词occasions，先行词在从句作主语，指物，故用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。【44题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：它们帮助我们理解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及应该欣赏什么。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现，不同的文化实际上毕竟有很多共同之处。修饰后文动词have应用副词actually。故填