技巧05 如何设计句子-高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练.docx

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1、优点英语高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练技巧05 如何设计句子读后续写中的句子扩展在读后续写中， 有的同学写的短句过多， 内容不具体，缺乏生动性，导致词数不够。我们可以在简短句的基础上恰 当添加定语、状语等修饰成分或增加并列结构等， 扩展句子， 丰富内容, 使表达更具体 、更形象 。（一）利用同位语扩充句子同位语主要使用名词短语和同位语从句 。例如： (2016年10月浙江卷)She saw her husband. 她看到了她的丈夫 。There, she saw her husband, a man staring at her, wearing an expression of rel

2、ief. 在那里， 她看到了她的丈夫， 一 个正盯着 她看的男人， 带着宽慰的表情 。 【分析】在句首添加了 地点状语There，在 husband 后面增加了同位语 a man staring at her，其后还有一个分词短语 wearing an expression of relief 做状语， 补充说明丈夫看着她时 流露出来的表情。这种形象具体的描写，增加了画面感，也提升了整个句子的层次 。（二）利用状语扩充句子添加的状语，可以是副词、非谓语动词、介词短语和状语从句等 。例如： (2016 年 10 月浙江卷)Jane walked on. 简继续走 。Jane walked on

3、for quite a long time. 简继续走了很长时间 。With no path to follow, Jane walked on for quite a long time. 因为无路可循， 简继续走了很长时间 。【分析】添加 for quite a long time 和 with no path to follow 两个做状语的介词短语后， 句子表达更为生动具体了 。（三）利用定语扩充句子定语扩句的主要方式是使用形容词、非谓语动词、介词短语和定语从句等 。例如：His mother works in a big company. 他母亲在一家大公司工作 。His lovin

4、g mother, who used to be an excellent English teacher in a middle school, now works in a big company. 他的慈母，曾经是一名优秀的中学英语老师， 现在在一家大公司工作。 【分析】我们在主语 mother 前添加了形容词loving，更形象地说明了his mother的特征； 在mother后面添加了who used to be an excellent English teacher in a middle school，内容 更丰富，让读者更加了解母亲 。（四）递进式扩充句子对先后发生的两个或

5、多个连贯动作，可以采用递进式 。主要方式有 (1) 用 and 连接； (2) 用 after that, additionally, furthermore, whats more, to make things worse 等 。例如：Mac then jumped off the bicycle. 然后麦克从自行车上跳了下来 。Mac then jumped off the bicycle and he was ready to fight against the wolf. 麦克从自行车上跳下来，准备跟狼搏斗 。 【分析】 “ 跳下自行车”与“准备搏斗”两个连贯动作，让 Mac 准备跟

6、狼搏斗的形象跃然纸上。（五）转折式扩充句子表示转折的有 but, however 等。例如：Jane kept moving. 简继续往前走 。Jane kept moving, but the farther she walked, the more confused she became. 简继续往前走， 但她走得越远， 就越感到困惑 。【分析】添加后面的转折分句后，暗示着“她可能迷路了”。（六）因果式扩充句子除了引导原因状语从句和结果状语从句的连词后，还 有 due to, owing to, on account of, because of, as a result of 等 表 示

7、 原因，therefore, as a result 等表示结果 。例如：He has broken his leg. 他摔坏了腿 。He has broken his leg and therefore he cant walk.他摔坏了腿，因此不能走路了 。读后续写中的句子压缩虽然读后续写的语料不同，但在续写的写作中，根据需要进行语段压缩的方法是可以通用的。常用的压缩语段的方法有如下几种：1. 摘取法。找出语段材料的主旨句，直接摘取关键成分作为答案。或者将分散在各句中的重要信息找出来，摘取关键词语，再将其进行连缀。2. 概括法。没有中心句，也没有明显关键词的阅读材料，如果要压缩出主要内容，

8、则可以采用概括法，分别用一两个恰当的词语去概括文句的意思，再组合答案。3. 整合法。如果语段材料没有中心句，其体现材料主旨的关键词语可能分散在几个句子中，这就需要考生将分散在各处的关键词语找出来，将包含重要信息的句子加以综合概括，然后将找出的关键词与概括出来的内容加以整合，形成符合题干要求的短句。4. 替换法。阅读材料中有能够体现语段主旨的中心句，且中心句中有关键的词语，这时候就可以运用此法将指示代词替换成语意明确的词语。5. 补充法。阅读材料中有能够体现语段主旨的中心句，但将其压缩成主干后，还需要在中心词前面补充出修饰、限制性的定语，才能让句意完整明确，这时候就可以运用补充法为主干中心词补出

9、修饰、限定性的词语。1阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was 15, I followed Roy to the deep mountain in search of astragalus root(黄芪), which is a rare and valuable plant.We searched the plant for a whole day, but without luck. We found nothing. As it got dark, I asked Roy to go back, but he refused an

10、d said, “I would rather sleep on the mountain tonight and continue to search tomorrow! ”I desired to go home but I lacked the courage to go back alone, so I chose to stay and help Roy put up a simple tent under a tree. It was freezing cold on the mountain and there were scores of mosquitoes, which m

11、ade it impossible for us to have a good sleep. Whats worse, we heard a wolf howling nearby! I was so scared.“I heard that wolves bully(欺负)the weak and fear the strong, ” Roy told me. “Lets strike the shovel(铲子)and shout to scare it away! ” He found a stone and started to strike the shovel. And then

12、he shouted as he struck the shovel. Inspired, I followed him to shout loudly. Half an hour later, I felt cold all over the body. And the cold air on the mountain made that worse. My stomach began to ache. I lay in the tent, shivering, sweating and then falling unconscious. Roy was shocked with panic

13、. He called my name screamingly, but I just made no response. He tried to put me on his back to carry me home but without success. At last, he went out and found some tree branches and blocked up the entrance to our tent with them. Then, he ran to the direction of our village as fast as he could.Not

14、 knowing how much time went by, I heard some sounds approaching near. I thought it was Roy but I didnt hear him saying anything. In a shock, I sat up with a rush. At that moment, my eyes had adjusted to the darkness. Through a hole of our tent, I saw two animals like dogs removing the tree branches

15、with their mouths and claws. They were wolves!注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.Paragraph 1:Their sudden appearance shocked me and a cold sweat broke out all over my body. _Paragraph 2:Strangely, I saw the two wolves turn around and run away in a flash. _2阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。Ha

16、ving worked at a small food store for two years, I thought I had become successful at what our manager called “customer relations”. I firmly believed that a friendly smile and an automatic “sir”, “madam”, “thank you” and “sorry” would see me through any situation. But on a Christmas night an old wom

17、an shook my belief that such a glib response (巧言应对) could smooth over any difficulty while dealing with other human beings.The moment she entered the store, the woman presented a sharp contrast to our shiny store with its bright lighting and neatly arranged shelves. Walking as if each step were pain

18、ful, she slowly pushed open the glass door. On such a zero-degree night, she was wearing only a faded print dress, a thin sweater too small to button, and black slippers with the backs cut out to expose heels. There were no stockings or socks on her blue-veined legs.After walking around the store fo

19、r several minutes, the old woman stopped in front of the rows of canned vegetables. She looked at the row of cans, finally picked up a can of corn and stared at the label. At that point, I decided to be a good and polite employee and asked her if she needed help. As I stood close to her, my smile be

20、came harder to maintain. An unpleasant smell of sweat rose from her torn clothing.“I need some food,” she muttered in reply to my bright “Madam, can I help you?”“Are you looking for corn, madam?”“I need some food,” she repeated, looking down at the can in her hand, “Any kind.”“Well, the can of corn

21、is ninety-five cents, madam.” I said in my most helpful voice. “Or if you like, we have a special on bread today.”After a short pause, she lifted her head and said, “But I cant pay.”For a second, it was on the tip of my tongue to tell her that she could take the corn.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2. 续写部分分为两

22、段，每段的开头语已为你写好Paragraph1：Then the employee rules flooded into my mind: remain polite but do not let the customers get the best of you._Paragraph 2：Moments after she left, I rushed out of the door with the can of corn._3阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A couple of years ago, just as I do every win

23、ter, I bagged up all the items in my closet that I no longer wore, along with the clothing my sons had outgrown (长得穿不下). I issued a call to action to all of my family and friends, asking them to do the same. It is always my hope to repurpose (重新利用) those things that do nothing more than take up spac

24、e in our homes, things other people might make better use of. Nothing bothers me more than selfishly squirreling things away, things that we know we will never use or wear, while people in our community go without.I found an ugly pair of hand-knitted (手工编织) socks in one of the bags donated by a frie

25、nd. Not to be mean, but they were a bad mixture of colored yarn (纱线): orange, purple, yellow and blue. I had to decidegarbage or donation? It wasnt like they were unusable. They were simply unpleasant to look at, surely not something anyone would choose to wear. I imagine they were a homemade gift g

26、one bad.I put the ugly socks in the garbage, but ten minutes later, I took them back and put them in the donation pile. Later that afternoon, my mother and I drove down to Madison Avenue in downtown Phoenix. Every winter she and I load up my Jeep with our own cast-offs (自己不穿而赠人的旧衣服) and the donation

27、s from friends, and we take them downtown, along with food and water, to distribute to the men and women living on the street. Sometimes I even get my boys involved.On this particular afternoon, as Mom and I distributed warm clothing and hot food to a small crowd of people outside a local homeless s

28、helter, I reached into the bag and pulled out the last of the donationsthe ugly socks. Surreptitiously (偷偷地), I held them in my hand as the crowd of homeless quietly left, each with a grateful smile, a fistful of food and an armload of clothing.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Just as I was abou

29、t to drop the socks back into the empty bag, a teenage boy came up to me. _ “These socks are perfect for me!” he smiled. _4阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。One long-ago morning, the hot summer sun climbed to the top of the sky. By noon, flowers drooped(低垂). Birds stopped singing.

30、Lan, who walked to visit her grandmother on Sundays, grew hotter and hotter. As she passedanenormoushouse, shespotteda beautiful tree. Its branches spread wide, and their leaves created a shady space next to the road. Lan sat down in that shade to rest. How nice and cool, she thought. I still have a

31、 long walk ahead of me, but I can sit here for a while.Lan was wrong. Less than a minute later, the door of the enormous house opened with a bang. A boy rushed out and shouted, “You cant sit there! Thats my tree! Chens tree!” He wore silk trousers and carried a golden toy pony.“Maybe its your tree,

32、but you dont own the shade beneath it,” replied Lan.“Yes, I do,” declared Chen“I own everything about that tree, even the birds! Youll have to pay to sit there.”“Pay you?” cried Lan. “Shade belongs to everyone.”“Not my shade,” said Chen“If I buy your shade, may I stop here on Sundays this summer?” a

33、sked Lan.“I suppose,” said ChenLan reached into her twice-mended pocket and handed over her only coin. “Thats all the money I have.” she said.“Fine!” said Chen. “But remember, you bought the shade. Nothing else!”Every summer Sunday, Lan stopped to sit in Chens shade on the way to her grandmothers. S

34、he often called to the birds in the tree. The birds would fly down and gather around her.Alone in his toy-filled bedroom, Chen watched Lan talk and laugh with the birds. Shes telling stories, he thought. It looks fun. Should I charge her more money when she stays longer? Then he remembered shed had

35、only one coin in her pocket. However, when autumn arrived, Lan no longer walked to her grandmothers.Chen missed seeing her talking to the birds. _On the Sunday Lan appeared as expected. _5阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。When I was in fifth grade, you could have told me, “Colin, its not cool to w

36、ear the same pair of sweat pants every day,” But I was comfortable. You could have told me, “Colin, its not cool to go to the school dance and do the Macarena(赛前舞).” l would not have stopped. You could have even told me, “Colin, its not cool to be an active member of your local churchs clown road show.”Then I went to sixth grade, and all of a sudden, there were only two options. I could somehow be cool, or I could someh