考点45 完形填空之解题方法（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习（学生版）.docx

《考点45 完形填空之解题方法（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习（学生版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《考点45 完形填空之解题方法（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习（学生版）.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、考点45 完形填空完形填空之解题方法（核心考点精讲精练）考点45 解题方法解题方法方法1细研首句定主旨方法2前瞻后望重语境方法3熟词生义需重视方法一细研首句定主旨完形填空首句一般不设空，这是为了给学生提供一个清晰而完整的背景。记叙文首句往往介绍事件发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息，说明文和议论文一般通过文章首句点明全文的主题。仔细分析文章的首句，往往能获取许多解题信息，从而节省做题时间。1利用首句可以帮助我们判断文章的体裁，捕捉文章的要素，预测故事的发展。【典例1】 (2022全国甲卷首句)You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats h

2、is dogs.直接信息首句提出了一个观点：你可以从一个人对待他的狗的方式来了解他很多。由此可以基本判定，本文应是记叙文。预测信息下文很可能围绕“某个人如何对待他的狗”这一话题展开，表达作者的情感体会。2利用首句可抓住文章的核心及中心话题，这对于理解全文和解题有着重要的启示作用。【典例2】(2020全国卷首句)Since our twins began learning to walk，my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window.直接信息首句交代了人物(who)I, my w

3、ife, our twins和事件(what)谎称玻璃推拉门是窗户。预测信息根据这些信息，我们可以这样设问：他们为什么要对孩子们说玻璃推拉门是窗户呢？这难道不是谎言吗？这样又会带来什么后果呢？阅读文章，我们可以在下文叙述中找到这些疑问的答案。方法二前瞻后望重语境完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。【典例1】(2022全国乙卷节选)Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek.

4、For them, theres something highly exciting about 41 someone elses glance and making oneself unable to be seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding.They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43.exposed41AfollowingBtakingC

5、escapingDdirecting42AcleverBbadCscaredDquick【典例2】(2021新高考卷节选)This was 50 than it sounds.51Slow down a bit and the cakes pile up.As I told my parents at dinner that first night, it was all a little more high-pressure than Id 52expected50AharderBbetterClongerDcheaper方法三熟词生义需重视一词多义和熟词生义是近几年高考完形填空中多次出现的

6、词汇活用现象，这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。备考时应注意单词本义以及根据词根推断单词的生僻意义。【典例1】(2021新高考卷节选)Finally , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _50_ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds,

7、 hed slid down the trunk and was back on the ground. 50AbackedBdivedCshoutedDinched【典例2】(2023新高考全国卷节选)In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight budget. They could not afford to pay for trans

8、portation for their dog, Tiffy, and 43 wanted to take her with them.()43.A.desperatelyB.temporarilyC.secretlyD.originally【熟词新义】desperately adv. 不顾一切地；极度地。【典例3】(2023高考全国甲卷节选)Marios wine may have been cloudy and come out of an old bottle, but it was perfect.【典例4】(2021新高考卷节选)Our 48 in the factory were

9、simple: Place cakes on a moving belt.Attach icing (糖霜) ears.Apply icing eyes and nose.48AjoysBideasCrolesDchoices基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）1.【2023河北省衡水中学高三下学期适应性考试】Every year Id read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world. It is quite 41 to choose whom to admit. 42 ,in the chaos of SAT

10、 scores and recommendations, one 43 is always irresistible in a candidate：kindness.The most surprising 44 of kindness Ive ever 45 came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor(顾问).Even with these qualifications, he might not have 46 .But one

11、letter of recommendation caught my eye. It was from a school security 47 .Letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents, celebrities, and Olympic athletes.The security guard wrote that he supported this students admission because of his 48 . This young man was the

12、only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently 49 the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school 50 nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, had a(n) 51 r

13、espect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.It gave us a 52 onto a students life in the moments when nothing “counted”. That student was admitted by unanimous(一致的)vote of the admissions committee.Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendation

14、s 53 this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much 54 to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, Im happy to help start that 55 .25641AdecentBdifficultCdelicateDdesperate42AHoweverBOtherwiseCBesidesDTherefore43AabilityBqualityClimitationDas

15、sumption44AsignalBimageCappearanceDindication45Acome outBpick upCcome acrossDbring up46Astood upBstood outCgiven upDgiven out47AguardBteacherCprincipalDcounselor48AwisdomBbraveryCencouragementDconsideration49AbotheredBansweredCvisitedDthanked50Aas ifBnow thatCeven ifDin order that51AdemandingBamusin

16、gCrefreshingDpuzzling52ApassionBtroubleCmethodDwindow53Adue toBin need ofCexcept forDalong with54AmoneyBnoticeCattentionDcuriosity55ApolicyBtrendCarrangementDcareer2.【2023山东省实验中学高三二模】As usual, Lily bought expensive gifts for her children Alice and Peter before Christmas. Her job kept her busy, and s

17、he 41 got to see her children during weekdays. Being a mother, she always wanted to be 42 her children, but she placed her 43 first, thinking earning money was more important.Lily 44 the gifts in secret and decided to give them a day before Christmas since she had to attend a business meeting the ne

18、xt day. 45 , a day later, the meeting got canceled. Lily was 46 she could spend Christmas with her family. Therefore, she decided to 47 a party. Lily sent 48 to all her friends and her father-in-law, Michael. Lily was worried her friends would not feel 49 in the presence of aged people. Later that d

19、ay, her children noticed the gifts she had bought. Unexpectedly, neither of them seemed 50 to open the gifts.On Christmas Eve, Lily 51 her friends into her house. However, she felt 52 when she saw Michael walking in. On arrival, Michael gave Alice and Peter presentssome cookie molds (模具)! The two ki

20、ds ran happily to their grandfather and showed great 53 for his gifts, asking him to bake cookies with them.All the guests present were moved by the scene. Lily 54 all they want is their parents time and 55 not what their parents buy them.41AusuallyBrarelyCalwaysDnever42AaroundBbeyondCwithoutDfor43A

21、familyBheartCbodyDjob44AwatchedBlaidChidDmade45AFortunatelyBEventuallyCSuddenlyDAmusingly46AshockedBtouchedChappyDfree47AattendBthrowCdelayDrule48AblessesBregardsClettersDinvitations49AconfidentBwarmCrelaxedDcool50AshyBworriedCeasyDeager51AwelcomedBledCsignaledDwaved52AuncomfortableBrefreshedCsurpri

22、sedDcalm53ArespectBpityCenthusiasmDlove54AnoticedBrealizedClearnedDwitnessed55AmoneyBpassionCknowledgeDattention3.【2023天一大联考广东省高三模拟考试（三）】After a dolphin was found swimming alone in a creek in Florida, marine biologists formed a human chain to save it.Dolphins typically travel in 41 called a “school”

23、 , although solitary(独自的) dolphins are becoming more common. This can be a cause for concern because dolphins are naturally sociable creatures, so if they are 42 , they may turn their attention to human interaction. This in turn can be 43 , both for dolphins and humans.Dolphins can become 44 rather

24、than feed on their own. 45 , dolphins that are used to human contact spend more time in shallow waters, which can 46 boat crashes. Meanwhile, humans who get too close to dolphins can find themselves 47 .After 48 that the dolphin had been alone in the creek for a few days, and was near a residential

25、area with 49 for human disturbance, NOAA Fisheries Service decided to 50 . Twenty-eight biologists from the Clearwater Marine Aquarium, NOAA and FWC came together to form a human chain, creating a barrier that could 51 the dolphin out of the creek.Rescue biologist Brittany Baldrica said,“ The 52 was

26、 to just be a barrier that was novel to the animal. We wanted to create a physical barrier as well as a barrier of hearing, so we had somebody behind us that was 53 a boat, revving(使快速运转) its engine and then we were splashing(泼) water and moving forward towards the animal, so we were giving the anim

27、al the 54 to swim through the bridge on its own.”The 55 was successful, with the dolphin making its way out of the creek.27341AseriesBlinesCgroupsDsessions42AseparatedBdiscoveredCdefendedDdistinguished43ArewardingBdangerousCattractiveDannoying44AsensitiveBhesitantCdependentDexceptional45AStrangelyBI

28、nitiallyCFortunatelyDAdditionally46Aturn onBlead toCtake inDknock at47AinjuredBaddictedCrefreshedDdismissed48AdeclaringBexplainingCadmittingDrealizing49AconcernBpurposeCpotentialDdesire50AwithdrawBactCsearchDattack51AconfirmBrestrictCkeepDguide52AriskBadvantageCgoalDpath53AliftingBrepairingCchecking

29、Dstriking54AcourageBoptionCrightDskill55ArescueBexperimentCcompetitionDtraining4.【2023江苏省南通徐州市等5地高三三模】The suburb I live in backs on to a large nature reserve. One morning I saw a koala (考拉) sitting in a pam tree in my front yard. I phoned around to ask what I could _41_ this koala, but no one wanted

30、 to know. I ended up _42_ the koala out of my tree and we crossed the road _43_ for him to return to the nature reserve.Ive always been befriending animals. As a young kid I used to pick up lizard eggs and _44_ them. It stimulated my interest as to why there wasnt anyone wanting to come and _45_ thi

31、s koala in my tree. After that, I signed up for all the _46_ I could find.Once I had accreditation (合格证), I volunteered with the RSPCA in 2014, rehabilitating (使康复) wildlife. I was an ambulance driver, _47_ overnight rescues. We rescued hundreds of animals and _48_ more.One day, I thought why not _4

32、9_ my own rescue group focusing on my backyard? I purchased a two-acre property and built enclosures on it to _50_ injured animals. Last year, I planted 300 eucalyptus trees(桉树), with seven varieties to _51_ the koalas.I cut the leaves of the eucalyptus trees for the koalas to eat and look after the

33、 _52_ wildlife at our centre. If they recover, they are _53_ back to where they come from.As a kid I would never have imagined doing this. I feel like Im the _54_ girl on the planet that I get to do what I love. I believe its my _55_.26541Alearn fromBdo aboutCrequire ofDsave for42AkickingBshootingCc

34、oachingDblowing43AtogetherBillegallyCangrilyDguiltily44ArollBsellCbreakDhatch45ArescueBadmireCpurchaseDidentify46AcoursesBracesCfairsDshows47AwatchingBattendingCrecordingDassessing48Amade outBran acrossCgave upDcared for49AleaveBstartCdismissDadvertise50AhouseBhuntCtrainDamuse51AconfuseBdirectCfeedD

35、test52AaggressiveBhungryCdesertedDinjured53AsoldBreleasedCthrownDdragged54AquietestBgreediestCnoisiestDluckiest55AguessBcallingCtreatDfault5.【2023山东省淄博市高三下学期三模】ChatGPT has been everywhere for the last few months. It raises _41_ about their impact on everything happening in our society.ChatGPT is a n

36、atural language processing tool _42_ by AI technology that allows you to have human-like _43_ and much more. The language model can answer questions and _44_ you with tasks, such as composing emails, essays, and code.The _45_ to produce frequently accurate responses to a vast range of questions is w

37、hy it became the fastest-growing app of all time, _46_ 100 million users in only two months. The fact that it can also _47_ essays, articles, and poetry has only _48_ its appeal. It is also equally _49_ at coding and productivity tasks. For the former, its ability to _50_ code from natural speech ma

38、kes it a powerful partner for both new and _51_ coders.Despite looking very impressive, ChatGPT still has _52_. Such restrictions include the inability to answer questions that are worded in a _53_ way, as it requires rewording to understand the input question. A bigger limitation is a lack of quali

39、ty in the _54_ it delivers. Another major limitation is that its data is limited up to 2021. The chat robot does not have any _55_ of events or news that have occurred since then. Lastly, ChatGPT does not provide sources for its responses.22241ArequestsBconcernsCemotionsDdoubts42AdrivenBfollowedCins

40、piredDentertained43AconflictsBchallengesCinterestsDconversations44AmanageBcontrolCassistDaccompany45AabilityBchanceCresponsibilityDpurpose46AconsultingBreachingCintroducingDcounting47AcauseBreturnCexistDgenerate48Aadded toBconnected toCdevoted toDowed to49AdeterminedBequippedCtalentedDalarmed50Asave

41、BcreateCchooseDdescribe51AcautiousBuntrainedCfamiliarDexperienced52AlimitationsBpossibilitiesCrequirementsDadvantages53ArightBsuitableCspecificDnatural54AapproachesBresponsesCcontributionDsensitivity55AnoticeBquestionCfeelingDawareness真题感知1.【2023年1月浙江卷】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答

42、题卡上将该项涂黑。The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to _41_ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the _42_. Reaching them to get the honey is difficultand often _43_ . I _44_ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide st

43、retch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He _45_ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and _46_ the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began _47_ . He st

44、opped every few minutes to move the _48_ higher up the tree trunk. _49_ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _50_ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, hed _51_ the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too _52_ to collect the honey. A cool summer