2022年中考英语外研版总复习学案-专题九时态.docx

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1、专题九时态【考点一】一般现在时的用法谓语形式do/does例句用法表示经常的或习惯性的动作He often gets up at six every day. 表示现在的状态My father is at work. 表示主语具备的性格、能力、特征Does he speak English? Yes, he does. /No, he doesnt. 表示客观事实和普遍真理The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 表示计划安排好的将来动作The plane takes off at eleven oclock in the morning.

2、 用在时间、条件状语从句中If it doesnt rain tomorrow, well go to the park. 时间状语always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, twice a week, today, in the morning, on Sunday【语法串记】一般现在时用法歌诀用好一般现在时, 时间状语需牢记。主语人称是三单, 动词要把-s/-es添。基本用法要记清, 状语习惯经常性。客观真理和能力, 有时还表将来时。【考点二】现在进行时的用法谓语形式am/is/are+ 现在分词例句用法表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作Look

3、, Im watching TV at home. 表示当前一直或反复在进行的动作They are learning English in the summer holiday. 与always, forever等词连用表示赞扬、厌恶或不满等情感You are always thinking of your work. 时间状语now, today, these days 等【拓展迁移】1. 表示位置移动的动词。如: come, go, arrive, leave 等。它们的现在进行时可表示将来。如: Be careful, the train is coming. 小心, 火车就要来了。2.

4、 若一个句子以look, listen等祈使语气的动词开头, 常用进行时。如: Listen! The boys are reading English. 听! 那些男孩在读英语。【考点三】一般过去时的用法谓语形式did例句用法过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态What did you have for breakfast this morning? I had a bowl of noodles. 说话时已不复存在的情况I didnt know I lost my pen. 描述过去发生的一连串动作Just now Bob turned off the light, closed the doo

5、r and left. 时间状语yesterday, the day before yesterday, last night, then, at that time, several days ago等。以及由after, before, when引导的表示过去的时间状语从句【语法串记】 行为动词的一般过去时用法歌诀一般过去时, 过去发生的事; 过去时间作标记, 谓语要用过去式; 否定句, 很简单, 主语之后didnt添。疑问构成有特点, did加在主语前, 后面的动词要还原。【考点四】过去进行时的用法谓语形式was/were +现在分词例句用法过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作Wha

6、t were you doing at nine last night? I was watching TV. 描述故事情节, 使故事变得生动精彩The children were leaving school on Tuesday when they saw a truck. 时间状语at the time, this time yesterday, at ten yesterday, just then, yesterday morning, when引导的时间状语从句等【考点五】一般将来时的用法谓语形式will/shall/be going to+动词原形例句用法将来某个时间要发生的动作

7、或存在的状态We will not be free until 7: 30 pm. 表示将来经常或反复发生的动作I will come to see you every weekend. 有迹象表示某事要发生, 多用be going toI am afraid its going to rain. 表示计划、打算做某事, 多用be going toHe is going to see his uncle next Sunday. 时间状语tomorrow, next month, in a few days, one day, when和 after等引导的时间状语从句【拓展迁移】下列几种将来

8、时, 一般用 will而不用be going to。(1)带有意愿色彩的将来时。(2)问对方意愿或表示客气的邀请或命令时。(3)有时间、条件状语从句的复合句中。【考点六】现在完成时的用法谓语形式have/has+ 过去分词例句用法表示过去已开始, 持续到现在乃至将来的动作I have worked at this school for 20 years. 表示过去发生或完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果She has lost her pen. have been in + 地点, 表示在某地待过多久They have been in Beijing for 10 years. have b

9、een to + 地点, 表示曾经到过某地(去了, 已经回来了)They have been to Beijing twice. have gone to + 地点, 表示到某地去了(去了, 还未回来)They have gone to Beijing. 时间状语already, yet, just, ever, before, so far, since then, “since + 时间点”, “for +一段时间”等【拓展迁移】1. “终止”“延续”相转换“瞬间动词”, 必须转换为意思相近的延续性动词, 才能与表示“一段时间”的状语连用。如: begin/startbe on; borr

10、ow keep; buy have /own等。I have kept that book for one month. 2. “点”“段”时间须分清在与since和for短语连用时, since 后面跟“时间点”, for后面跟“一段时间”。【考点七】过去完成时的用法谓语形式had+过去分词例句用法表示在过去的过去发生的动作或存在的状态She had left by the time I arrived. 表示从过去某一时间持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态He had lived in Shanghai for ten years before he came here. 表示过去未能实现的希

11、望或愿望I had hoped to see you, but there was no time at that time. 时间状语two days, as soon as, already, yet, never, hardly, by+表过去的时间点, before 从句, when从句 【拓展迁移】过去完成时以过去时间为基点, 更强调“过去的过去”, 只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时, 才用到它。【图解】-|-|-|-过去的过去过去 现在【练真题】一、一般现在时(A)1. (2021北京中考)Lily, what do you usually do after school? Iexe

12、rcise with my friends. A. do B. did C. will do D. was doing (B)2. (2021绥化中考)She will fly to Haikou as soon as she the task. A. finishB. finishesC. finished(B)3. (2021乐山中考)Whats your plan for the summer holiday? Ill go to Chengdu as soon as the school term . A. endB. endsC. will end(D)4. (2021贺州中考)I

13、dont know if Lucy to Jacks party next Sunday. If she , so will I. A. goes; goesB. will go; will goC. goes; will goD. will go; goes(B)5. (2021凉山中考)I often see Peters father play basketball on my way to school. Thats not strange. Not only Peter but also his father sports. A. enjoyB. enjoysC. enjoyedD.

14、 was enjoyed二、一般过去时(D)1. (2021北京中考)My parents and Itrees last Sunday. A. plantB. will plantC. are plantingD. planted(A)2. (2020武汉中考) Sally where she had left the car and the police found it this morning. A. forgot B. has forgotten C. forgetsD. had forgotten(C)3. (2020海南中考) Eric often his aunt before

15、 he moved to the city. A. has visitedB. visitsC. visited三、现在进行时(B)1. (2021海南中考) Jerry, can you give me a hand? Just a minute, I an e-mail. A. have sentB. am sendingC. was sending(B)2. (2021北京中考)Peter, what are you doing? Oh, Ia report about national heroes. A. will writeB. am writingC. wroteD. have

16、written(D)3. (2021抚顺中考)The classroom is so quiet. Yes, all the studentsfor the final exam. A. prepareB. preparedC. will prepareD. are preparing(A)4. (2021湖南株洲中考)Look! All the students English poems. Please take a photo for the parents. A. are readingB. have readC. read【明策略】动词填空的四个暗示和两个确定: 一、四个暗示1. 时

17、间状语暗示。如出现yesterday要用过去式; 如有now则用一般现在时或现在进行时; 2. 语言情景暗示。如出现Look, Listen可判断动作正在发生, 用现在进行时; 3. 上下文暗示。(如1、5)4. 前后动词暗示。由并列连词and, but, or等连接的句子, 可根据前后动词的时态一致来确定。二、两个确定1. 确定语态。主要看主语与谓语的关系; 2. 确定时态。分简单句和复合句两种: (1)对简单句, 主要靠上面的“四个暗示”来确定。(2)对复合句, 主要是把握“两个”原则: “主将从现原则”。在含条件状语从句或时间状语从句的主从复合句中, 主句为将来时, 从句用一般现在时。“

18、时态一致原则”。在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中, 当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时, 从句的谓语动词需用相应的某种过去时态(表示客观真理时用一般现在时); 主句时态为现在时态, 从句时态可根据具体情况而定。四、现在完成时(D)1. (2021南京中考)I saw Julia in April and I her since then. A. dont seeB. didnt seeC. wont seeD. havent seen(B)2. (2021青海中考)I lost my cellphone in the shopping mall yesterday. Why not go to the

19、Lost and Found? They one. A. foundB. have foundC. had found(C)3. (2021北京中考)Mr SmithChinese for two years. Hes much better at it now. A. learnsB. was learningC. has learnedD. will learn(A)4. (2021乐山中考)Alex, go and clean your bedroom. 一Iit. Its tidy and clean now. A. have cleanedB. cleanedC. clean现在完成

20、时用法英语现在完成时, 谓语结构要牢记; “have/has+过去分词”, 主要用法有两个; 动作发生在过去, 结果影响到现在; 常用just, already, 过去的动作或状态; 一直延续到现在, for和since把时间带。五、一般将来时(D)1. (2021铜仁中考)Has your father come back yet? No. He come back this Sunday. A. doesnt; untilB. wont; afterC. doesnt; afterD. wont; until(C)2. (2021吉林中考)Mr Green a new bike for h

21、is daughter tomorrow. A. buysB. boughtC. will buy(C)3. (2021北京中考)Could you please tell me? Next Thursday morning. A. when we visited the Capital MuseumB. when did we visit the Capital MuseumC. when we will visit the Capital MuseumD. when will we visit the Capital Museum(B)4. (2021达州中考) I wonder if L

22、i Hua to the hospital to receive COVID-19 vaccinations (疫苗接种). Im sure he will if he time. A. goes; will haveB. will go; hasC. will go; will haveD. goes; has一般将来时的构成形式肯定式: 主语+will/shall+动词原形+其他. I will buy a new car. 我将买一辆新汽车。否定式: 主语+wont/shall not+动词原形+其他. I wont buy a new car. 我将不买一辆新汽车。疑问式: Will/

23、Shall+主语+动词原形+其他? Will you buy a new car? 你将买一辆新汽车吗? 【语法串记】一般将来时用法歌诀一般将来时, 将要发生事。谓语不一般, will加动原。要变一般疑问句, will放在主语前。否定句也不难, will后面not添。六、过去进行时(C)1. (2021呼和浩特中考)Did you see Dorothy? She just came back from abroad. Yes. But she someone, so I nodded to her and went away. A. phonesB. is phoningC. was pho

24、ningD. has phoned(A)2. (2021滨州中考)Do you know where your brother is, Mark? Sorry. I about a question and didnt hear what you had said. A. was thinkingB will thinkC. am thinkingD. was thought(D)3. (2021河北中考) I saw Bob in the garden. He flowers there. A. waters B. has wateredC. is wateringD. was wateri

25、ng七、过去完成时(C)1. (2020绥化中考) By the time the teacher came, we cleaning the classroom. A. finished B. have finished C. had finished(D)2. (2020武汉中考改编) Sally forgot where she the car and the police found it this morning. A. leftB. would leaveC. has leftD. had left过去进行时的构成形式肯定式: 主语+ was/were+现在分词+其他. 否定式: 主语+wasnt/werent+现在分词+其他. I wasnt doing my homework at eight last night. 昨天晚上八点钟我没在做家庭作业。疑问式: Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其他? Was it snowing last night? 昨晚一直在下雪吗? 关闭Word文档返回原板块