2022届初中英语二轮复习重难点题型讲解训练专题06完形填空之易错题分析含解析.docx

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1、专题06 完形填空之易错题分析完形填空是一项考查学生英语阅读理解能力和语言运用能力的综合性题型。做完形填空题对学生的要求较高，不但要有扎实的的英语基础知识，还要有较强的分析和判断能力。完形填空通常出题形式是将一篇短文按一定的间隔删掉若干词语，要求考生通过把握文章的整体意思，补全空缺部分，使其恢复原貌。具体说来，完形填空题有以下特点： 1. 完形填空题不是一般的单项选择题，它要求考生不仅能掌握词语在特定语境中的使用，而且要能理解全文、照顾文章的前后逻辑关系。 2. 完形填空题检测的面广、量大，不仅从词汇、语法方面考查，还有可能涉及到一些文化背景知识，所以一定要全面考虑。 3. 一篇文章传达的是作

2、者的观点、思想感情，做题时不能把自己观点想当然的带入，一定要从文章本身的语境去考虑。 4. 完形填空考查的体裁各不相同，有议论文、说明文、（考试大）记叙文等，考查的知识也包括很多方面，有日常生活的、社会文化的和自然科学的等，所以考生平时一定要有较强的阅读面和知识面。5. 完形填空一般不给标题，但有主题句，主题句往往在文章的开头，有时也在中间或结尾。主题句是了解文章的“窗口”，抓住了主题句，就能更好的了解文章大意。Part 1 完形填空常设考点由于完形填空题以考查文意为主，注重考查考生的逻辑判断能力，所以完形填空题的常设考点主要集中在： 1.注重对实词的考查，特别是对动词、动词短语、名词、形容词

3、、副词等的考查； 2.注重在具体的语境中考查词语(特别是名词、形容词)的用法； 3.对连词进行考查，考查考生对行文逻辑的掌握及对关联词的正确运用。 完形填空题与单项填空题有着本质上的区别：单项填空题侧重于对语法知识的考查，而完形填空题则侧重于对语用能力的考查，它更注重对语篇的理解，而不是对单个句子的理解。要想做好完形填空题必须始终注意对文章的理解和注意上下文的呼应，这是完形填空题的做题原则。绝大多数完形填空题，只看单个的句子，有时所提供的四个选项从语法角度来看都讲得通，但是在具体的语篇中只能有一个正确答案。因此，看一空做一空的做法是不可取的，必须从语篇的角度来考虑所选答案。做题时一定要联系上下

4、文，从字里行间寻找隐藏信息，同时要善于根据四个选项的设置特点来进行选择：1.所给选项是不同的名词，则要根据上下文的意思来判断要用哪一个名词的什么形式或者是否涉及固定搭配等来考虑；2.所给选项是形容词、副词，则要根据上下文的意思或者其在句中的作用来确定，形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词和形容词；3.所给选项是同一动词的不同形式，则要考虑空白处要求用什么时态、语态或哪种非谓语动词形式；4. 所给选项是不同的动词，考查的是语境中动词的用法及意义，这时要从上下文来判断或者从固定搭配方面来考虑； 5. 所给选项是连词，可以从上下文的意思、连词的用法(含义)以及习惯搭配入手进行选择，and表并列，but表转折

5、，because, so, therefore表因果，though, although表让步； 6. 所给选项是代词，则要从上下文的指代关系以及代词的用法来考虑。Part 2 完形填空解题方法 做完形填空题的基本步骤是：先通览全文，掌握文章大意；然后再根据文章的语境特点从词语搭配、习惯用法、上下文的逻辑关系以及一般的生活常识等方面进行分析，从而选出既合语法又合语境的答案。做完形填空题的通常方法有： 1. 词语搭配法：即根据词语的搭配习惯来选择正确的答案。同学们平时一定要注意掌握一些常用词汇的基本及其有关的搭配。 2. 语法判断法：即通过语法分析来判断正确答案，比如被选项若为是名词，则应根据填空

6、句的上下文确定该名词的单复数以及是否用所有格等；若被选项为动词，则应考虑其时态、语态、搭配以及非谓语形式等。 3. 语境分析法：即根据上下文的具体语境，利用所学过知识和平时所积累的经验，选出最符合题意的选项。 4. 对比排除法：有时对于一些难题，可试着将各个选项逐一填入空白处，然后进行综合比较，排除不适合的，选出最恰当的。Part 3 完形填空解题技巧中考英语完形填空的解题技巧 一、跳过空格，了解大意 解题时先跳过空格，通读完形填空的短文，了解全篇的内容和要旨。要重视首句，善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点，理清文脉，推测全文主题及大意。 二、复读短文，判断词形 把握短文大意后再认真复读短文，利用

7、上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义，再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。 三、三读短文，验证答案 在短文的每一空白处填上一个词后，将完成的短文再细读一遍，上下参照，连贯思考。把所填的答案放入短文中进行检验，可从上、下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确无误等进行综合验证，凡有疑问必须重新推敲考虑。精讲精练【例题1】Some kids need to repeat （重复） a grade in school This means if youre in the （1） gra

8、de， you have to do the third grade again next year（2） moving on to the fourth grade Repeating a grade can be a（n） （3） thing， though， because you get another chance to complete your schoolwork For example， a kid might have （4） reading Other kids might have been （5） and absent （缺席的） for a long time， s

9、o they missed （错过） a chance to learn （6） they needed to learn If its you who （7） repeat a grade， you might be thinking， Is everyone really moving on without me？ Repeating a grade might make you sad， angry， or （8） It can be stressful You might be upset （9） you wont be in class with all of your friend

10、s You might feel （10） about repeating a grade You may think that people are talking about you or （11） you You can be really hurt if someone makes fun of（12） about repeating a grade Try talking （13） your mom or dad， a teacher， or a friend advisor when youre having these feelings School can be hard wo

11、rk， but there are strategies （策略） you can learn to help it go a little （14） for you Set a goal for yourself and （15） working toward it bit by bit Ask for help if you need it， and youll get there!1A first B second C third D fourth2 A except B besides C for D instead of3 A wrong B right C easy D diffi

12、cult4 A trouble B fun C practice D secret5 A ill B afraid C healthy D silly6 A much B everything C none D anything7 A can B cant C must D mustnt8 A neither B all C each D both9 A so B because C but D though10 A shy B excited C happy D afraid11 A caring about B looking after C laughing at D replying

13、to12A himself B him C yourself D you13 A with B for C about D against14 A worse B better C later D earlier15 A stop B give up C keep D make up【答案】CDBAA BCDBA CDABC【解析】1C 考查数词与语境理解A first第一； B second第二； C third第三； D fourth第四，根据后面you have to do the third grade again next year（2）moving on to the fourth

14、 grade：这就意味着如果你在三年级，明年你不得不又呆在三年级，而不能继续升到四年级根据句意及语境此处指三年级，所以选C2D 考查介词与语境理解A except除了； B besides除了； C for为了； D instead of代替，反而，根据you have to do the third grade again next year（2）moving on to the fourth grade：这就意味着如果你在三年级，明年你不得不又呆在三年级，而不能继续升到四年级句意此题是代替，反而的意思，故选D3B 考查形容词与语境理解A wrong错误的； B right正确的； C ea

15、sy容易的； D difficult困难的，根据后面 because you get another chance to complete your schoolwork因为你能获得完成学业的另一次机会所以留级可能是一件正确的事情， 故选择B4A 考查名词与语境理解A trouble困难； B fun高兴； C practice练习； D secret秘密，根据语境，所给选项有困难做某事是have trouble doing sth考查固定短语，所以此题选A5A 考查形容词与语境理解A ill病的； B afraid害怕的； C healthy健康的； D silly傻的，根据后面absent

16、 （缺席的） for a long time其他孩子可能因为离校很长时间，因此他们失去了学习他们需要学习的全部东西根据句意是生病的意思，故选A6B 考查不定代词与语境理解A much 太多； B everything所有东西； C none没有； D anything任何事情，根据so they missed （错过） a chance to learn （6）they needed to learn其他孩子可能因为生病离校很长时间，因此他们失去了学习他们需要学习的全部东西根据句意是他们需要学的全部东西，故选B7C 考查情态动词与语境理解A can能； B cant 不能； C must必须；

17、 D mustnt 不准，根据后面 repeat a grade留级：如果是你必须留级你可能会想根据句意及所给选项是必须，所以选C8D 考查不定代词与语境理解A neither两者都不；B all三者或三者以上都；C each每一个；D both两者都，根据might make you sad， angry：六级可能是你伤心、生气或两者都有根据句意是两者都，故选D9B 考查连词与语境理解A so因此；B because因为；C but但是；D though虽然，根据 You might be upset （9）you wont be in class with all of your frie

18、nds：你可能会悲伤，你不能和你所有朋友一起上课此处表示因为，故选B10A 考查形容词与语境理解A shy害羞的； B excited激动的； C happy高兴的； D afraid害怕的，根据about repeating a grade根据上下文句意及语境是感到害羞，所以选A11C 考查动词词组与语境理解A caring about关心； B looking after照看；C laughing at嘲笑；D replying to回答，根据 You may think that people are talking about you 你可能认为人们在谈论你或，结合留级是不光荣的事，及

19、语境是嘲笑的意思，所以选C12D 考查代词与语境理解A himself他自己；B him他；C yourself你自己；D you 你，根据You can be really hurt if someone makes fun of（12）about repeating a grade如果有人对你留级的事情开玩笑，你可能确实受到伤害根据句意是开你的玩笑，所以选D13A 考查介词与语境理解A with和；B for为了；C about关于；D against反对，根据Try talking （13）your mom or dad， a teacher，：你有这样的感觉时，试着和你的父母，老师，朋

20、友交谈根据句意是和，所以选A14B 考查形容词与语境理解A worse更糟糕的；B better更好的；C later更晚的；D earlier更早的，根据 but there are strategies （策略） you can learn to help it go a little 但会有一些策略帮助学得一些根据句意更好的，所以是B15C 考查动词与语境理解A stop 停止；B give up放弃；C keep保持；D make up编造，根据 Set a goal for yourself and （15）working toward it bit by bit ：设立一个目标然后

21、（）向这个目标一点点前进根据句意此空是坚持，所以选C【例题2】Do you feel cool and calm？ If your answer is no， youre not alone In todays society， many people find it difficult to slow down Fast-paced lifestyles make it hard for many to really relax The good news is you neednt （75） to a nice place for relaxation You can experience

22、 these in the middle of a stress-filled lifeBetter thinkingThe ability of relaxation depends more on your thinking than your situation The next time when you suffer from worry， think about the situation What is the problem？ What is the cause？ Most importantly， what can you do about it？ Then， make an

23、 action plan or a to-do list to help you feel less worried （76） ， if the situation is not in your hands， you should let it go Take a walk， exercise and talk to a friend to get your mind off the problemA habit of relaxingEven the busiest people arrange short periods of relaxation into their timetable

24、 They do so because they know its（77） The time you spend relaxing is an important period A 10-minute break in the middle of a long workday can increase your productivity（生产力） You can find a（n） （78） ， such as exercise， a hot bath or favorite TV show， to make you come to life A few restful hours of do

25、ing something you really enjoy may help you to face a busy weekRestful sleepUnfortunately， not being able to relax causes some people to lose their most important rest： sleep If thats you， write everything on your mind in your diary before going to bed Write down both problems and possible （79） This

26、 can help you release thoughts that might prevent you from getting needed sleepFinally， （80） your disadvantages You cant do everything perfectly， but you can get the rest and relaxation you need to do many things better75 A capture B escape C discover D manage76 A So B However C Above all D As a res

27、ult77 A necessary B dramatic C common D traditional78 A place B location C activity D event79 A ideas B exercises C suggestions D solutions80 A deny B explain C recognize D catch【答案】BBACDC【解析】75B，考查动词辨析，to a nice place for relaxation一个可以用于放松的地方，因为现在处的环境压力较大，所以应该是逃离现在的地方，到一个好的地方放松，A 捕获，B逃跑，C发现，D经营，选择

28、B76B，考查连词辨析，Then， make an action plan or a to-do list to help you feel less worried如果情况在自己的掌握之中，要想对策缓解自己的焦虑，后文提到 if the situation is not in your hands如果不在控制之内，句意发生转折，A所以，B然而，C综上所述，D结果，选择B77A，考查形容词辨析，They do so because they know 他们做了是因为他们因为已经做了，所以是觉得有必要，A必要的，B戏剧性的，C平常的，D传统的，选择A78C，考查名词辨析， such as exe

29、rcise， a hot bath or favourite TV show比如运动，洗个热水澡，看喜欢的电视节目，这是活动或者运动的项目，A地点，B坐标，C活动，D事件，选择C79D，考查名词辨析，Write down both problems and possible写下问题以及可能的，既然是问题，对应的应该是可能的解决方案，A看法，B锻炼，C建议，D解决办法，选择D80C，考查动词辨析，You cant do everything perfectly你不能把每件事都做的很完美，由此可知是要认清自己的缺点，A拒绝，B解释，C承认，D抓住，选择C【例题3】In todays English

30、 class，students had a speech competitionThey talked about whether e-books should take the place of print booksThe following are the speeches given by two studentsJoshua Lee：While many people argue that e-books dont feel the same as real books we should consider that the printing industry does a lot

31、of harm to our（75） Producing books means cutting down millions of trees for paper，and the processes of printing requires a great deal of energyE-books need no papers at allThey will probably（76） our use of energy and natural resources（77） ，e-books allow people to get information more easilyE-books c

32、an be stored and selected form huge digital librariesThese libraries can hold many more books than a traditional bookstore or library canPeople can quickly find and read their books on an e-reader at any time and in any placeJoy Pamnani：I strongly believe that print books must（78） In my opinion，e-bo

33、oks have many disadvantages，E-books arent as environmentally friendly as you thinkA common argument used by e-book supporters is that e-books save paperBut isnt it also true that theres more carbon being let out by the electronic devices（设备）？Since you have to spend extra money on those devices befor

34、e you can buy and read e-books，they arent （79） at allBesides，you cant easily write notes on an e-reader，and you cant read anything when they run out of batteryE-books are unhealthy tooThe light given off by these devices can lead to（80） problemA study showed it took e-book readers an average of ten

35、minutes longer to fall asleep than those who read print books75Atradition Benvironment Chealth Dculture76Areduce Bprotect Cdescribe Dlimit77AAs a result BBy the way COn one hand DWhats more78Achange Bhelp Cstay Dreturn79Acheap Buseful Cinteresting Ddifferent80Areading Bmemory Csleep Deating【答案】BADCA

36、C【解析】75答案：B考查名词A传统B环境C健康D文化句意印刷业对我们的_造成了很大的损害根据下一句Producing books means cutting down millions of trees for paper生产书籍意味着砍倒数以百万计的树木用于造纸可知，应该是环境，选B76答案：A考查动词A减少B保护C描述D限制句意他们可能会_我们对能源和自然资源的利用根据上一句E-books need no papers at all电子书根本不需要纸可知，应该是减少选A77答案：D考查搭配A结果B顺便地C一方面D另外句意_，电子书让人们更容易获取信息根据上一句They will prob

37、ably reduce our use of energy and natural resources他们可能会减少我们对能源和自然资源的利用可知，应该是另外，选D78答案：C考查动词A改变B帮助C停留D返回句意我坚信印刷书籍必须_根据下一句In my opinion，e-books have many disadvantages，E-books arent as environmentally friendly as you think在我看来，电子书有很多缺点，电子书不像你想象的那么环保可知应该是留下来选C79答案：A考查形容词A便宜的B有用的C有趣的D不同的句意它们一点也不_根据上一句S

38、ince you have to spend extra money on those devices before you can buy and read e-books因为在购买和阅读电子书之前，你必须在这些设备上多花些钱可知，应该是便宜的选A80答案：C考查名词A读B记忆C睡觉、睡眠D吃句意这些设备发出的光会导致_问题根据下一句A study showed it took e-book readers an average of ten minutes longer to fall asleep than those who read print books一项研究表明读电子书阅读者比

39、读纸质书籍的人多花费十分钟入睡可知，应该是睡眠问题选C【练习1】When I was eleven years old，my family moved to a new home on the top of a mountainIt was a （1） house，but life was a little hard thereWe could only get water from a nearby well My Dad had become （2） with a back injury so it was up to me and my brother to carry home fiv

40、e-gallon containers of drinking water every day I （3） such chores and tried to avoid them whenever I could For the first few years there，my brother did most of the tasksWhen my brother left home for the army， （4） it was up to me to take over these chores At first I complained a lot， but after a whil

41、e I found that I didnt （5） doing them at all All I knew was that it felt good to be able to help Mom and Dad It made me feel alive， （6） ， and closer to my parents even while （7） was（were）dropping from my faceThough many years have passed， I still （8） those boyhood chores It isnt the work that matter

42、s It is the way you feel when you do the work that matters In this life we are all going to have （9） work of one kind or another， it can bring us misery or joy But when we do our work with all our （10） ，it becomes a gift that we give to ourselves and others（1）A cheap B lovely C special（2）A busy B di

43、sappointed C disabled（3）A hated B challenged C performed（4）A therefore B otherwise C though（5）A miss B mind C imagine（6）A happy B curious C nervous（7）A fear B sweat C tears（8）A refuse B recognize C remember（9）A hard B creative C dangerous（10）A care B heart C patience【答案】BCAAB ABCAB【解析】1B 考查形容词辨析A便宜的

44、；B可爱的；C特殊的；根据前面new home on the top of a mountain山顶上的新家，和后面but life was a little hard there生活有点苦，结合答案应该是可爱的，故答案是B2C 考查形容词辨析A忙碌的；B失望的；C残疾的；根据后面 a back injury 背伤，应该是残疾，故答案是C3A 考查动词辨析A讨厌；B挑战；C表演；根据后面 chores and tried to avoid them whenever I could家务，只要可以，尽量回避它们，应该是讨厌，故答案是A4A 考查连词辨析A因此，所以；B别的，其它的；C虽然；根据W

45、hen my brother left home for the army，（4）it was up to me to take over these chores当我哥哥离家去参军时，（4）由我来接管这些家务活，因果关系，故答案是A5B 考查动词辨析A错过；B介意；C想像；根据 At first I complained a lot， but after a while I found that I didnt 起初我抱怨很多，但过了一会儿，我发现我没有，应该是在意，介意，故答案是B6A 考查形容词辨析A开心的；B好奇的； C紧张的；根据前面It made me feel alive，它让我感到活着，结合答案，应该是并且开心，故答案是A7B 考查名词辨析A害怕；B汗水；C眼泪；根据前面是做家务，这里dropping from my face应该是汗水从我脸上掉下来，故答案是B8C 考查动词辨析A拒绝；B辨认；C记得；根据Though many years have passed， I still （8）those boyhood chores虽然很多年过去了，我仍然，应该是记得那些童年的琐事，故答案是C9A 考查形容词辨析A难的，B活泼的；C危险的；根据In this life we are all going