08应用文(日记、书信、电子邮件)-备战2023年中考英语书面表达(写作步骤+满分范文+词句积累).docx

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1、备战2023年中考英语书面表达（写作步骤+满分范文+词句积累）第三章 应用文日记+书信+电子邮件应用文是人们在生活、学习、工作中为处理实际事务, 有着实用性特点, 并形成惯用格式的文章。它最主要的特点是应用性特别广泛, 包括便条、通知、日记、书信等。除此以外, 应用写作时还要着重注意以下三个方面：1. 明确写作目的 应用文是目的性特别强的文章, 不同的应用文会有不同的目的。因而, 在写作时, 要清楚地知道这篇应用文是为何目的而写的。2. 遵循格式要求 应用文写作有着严格的格式要求, 不同的应用文类型还会有所不同.在写作之前, 要先弄清不同的应用文的格式要求。3. 注意时间的明确 应用文是在一定

2、的时期内起作用的文章, 因而在应用文中, 时间要素的明确显得尤为重要。Part 3日记写法点拨日记主要用来记录一天所经历的主要事情和过程, 并表达自己的感受.英文日记的写作, 要注意以下三个方面：1. 格式要正确 在写日记正文之前, 要依次有日期、星期及当天的天气情况。2. 表达要清楚、准确、连贯 判断的标准就是通过阅读你的日记, 看能否用简洁明了的英语把一天之中发生的事情以及你的感受准确无误地表达出来。日记记录的事情通常是已经发生了的, 故常用一般过去时。3. 文体要口语化 因为日记是写给自己看的, 其内容多是记述自己亲身经历和亲眼看到的事或抒发自己的感情等, 所以用第一人称写, 把该写的东

3、西写清楚即可。必备词汇1 月份January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月2 天气情况sunny晴朗的cool凉爽的cold寒冷的rainy下雨的windy大风的cloudy多云的snowy下雪的foggy多雾的3 描述心情joyful欢喜的excited激动的delighted高兴的pleased开心的satisfied满意的comfortable舒适的bright明亮的terrible糟糕的horrible恐惧的frightened害怕

4、的必备句型1 开头部分(1) It was the first day of our winter holiday.这是我们寒假的第一天。(2) One of my fathers friends invited me to have a picnic today.今天, 我爸爸的一个朋友邀请我去野餐。(3) On this weekend, my brother and I decided to help my mother with the housework.这个周末, 我弟弟和我决定去帮助我妈妈做家务活。(4) Today, I realized that time was a ver

5、y cruel thing.今天, 我意识到时间是非常残忍的一样东西。(5) Today, our school had an opening ceremony in the school auditorium.今天, 我们学校在学校礼堂举办了开学典礼。2 中间部分(1) It seemed to be an easy task for us, but later we had a hard time finishing it.它看起来像是一项容易的任务, 但之后我们经历一段艰苦的时期才完成它。(2) I spent the whole day sweeping the floor and w

6、ashing the clothes.我花了一整天来扫地、洗衣服。(3) Those red buildings and those green trees formed a beautiful picture.那些红色的建筑物和绿色的树木构成了一幅美丽的图画。(4) The night view was so beautiful that we all didnt want to go home.夜景是如此漂亮, 我们都不想回家了。3 结束部分(1) I will be more diligent in this semester.这个学期我准备更加勤奋地学习。(2) We will tre

7、asure it at the bottom of our hearts.我们会把它珍藏在我们的内心深处。(3) What a nice day!多么美好的一天！(4) I was so moved by his speech.我被他的演讲深深感动了。(5) I did enjoy that game.我非常喜欢那个游戏。美文引路题目：请根据下面的内容提示, 写一篇不少于80词的英文日记, 文章必须包括所有提示要点, 可以适当扩充细节。内容提示：1. 5月2日, 星期天, 你和几位同学去参观动物园。2. 你们坐了半小时的公共汽车才抵达那里。3. 天气很好, 游客很多。4. 你们喜欢那里的大象。

8、5. 碰到了几位外国朋友, 聊了一会儿。6. 中午才回家。思路导航第1步：例文审题主体人称题目要求以日记形式描述“我”和朋友去动物园的经过, 故主体人称应为第一人称“I”。主体时态由于题目里要求描述的事情是已经发生了的, 故主体时态用一般过去时。写作贴士题目里列出了6个要点, 写作时要囊括所有要点, 并进行适当扩充, 以使文章逻辑连贯；注意文章词数要求, 不得少于80词。第2步：列提纲(1) 开篇点题, 概述整体情况；(2) 描述在动物园游玩的经过；(3) 表达你的心情和感受。第3步：参考词句(1) visit the zoo; classmate; by bus .(2) be full o

9、f; crowded; pavement; interesting; be interested in; talk with; get home .(3) have a wonderful time .第4步：连句成篇May 2, Sunday FineToday I visited the zoo with several classmates. It took us half an hour to get there by bus.When we got there, the zoo was already full of people. It was very crowded on th

10、e pavements. There were many animals in the zoo. They were very interesting, and we were especially interested in elephants. They were very big, so they moved clumsily. We also talked with some foreign tourists in English. When we got home, it was time for lunch.I really had a wonderful time today.

11、参考译文5月2日, 星期天 天气晴朗今天我和几个同学去了动物园。我们坐了半个小时的公交车才到达那里。当我们到达那里的时候, 公园里已经有很多人了。人行道上非常拥挤。动物园里有很多动物。它们非常有趣, 我们尤其对大象感兴趣。它们很大, 所以它们移动时很笨拙。我们也和一些外国人用英语交谈了一下。当我们回家时, 已经是午饭时间了。我今天过得很愉快。范文1May 31, Friday FineToday, I saw something unpleasant on the bus.On my way home on the bus, I saw an old man get on. He was ca

12、rrying a big thing. I gave my seat to the old man at once. However, a young man standing nearby sat down immediately. So the old man had to stand. After a while, the young man took out a bottle of water, drank it up and threw the empty bottle on the floor.When I saw this, I got very angry. I think t

13、he young man should not only respect and take care of the old man but also keep the environment clean.参考译文5月31日, 星期五 天气晴朗今天, 我在公共汽车上看到一些令人不愉快的事情。在回家的公交车上, 我看见一位老人上了车。他拿着一件大的东西。我马上给这个老人让座。然而, 一位站在旁边的年轻男子马上坐了下来。所以这位老人只能站着。过了一会, 年轻男子拿出了一瓶水, 喝完后将空瓶子扔在了地上。当我看到这一幕时, 我非常愤怒。我认为这个年轻男子不仅应该尊重和照顾老人, 还应该保持环境整洁。亮

14、点词汇1 unpleasant /adj.使人不愉快的2 get on 上车3 have to必须；不得不4 take out拿出来；取出来5 respect /v.尊重出彩句型1 I saw something .我看见一些东西2 I saw sb. do sth.我看见某人做某事。3 I gave my seat to the old man.我将座位让给这个老人。4 When I saw ., I got very angry.当我看见, 我非常生气。5 I think the young man should not only ., but also .我认为这个年轻男子不仅要, 还要

15、高分点评本文以日期、星期、天气等作为文章的开头部分, 是一篇规范的英文日记。文中主要记叙了年轻男子占位、乱扔垃圾的事情, 表达了作者对其的无限愤慨。文中的动作描写非常出色, 如句子“The young man took out a bottle of water, drank it up and threw the bottle on the floor”就如同将当时的场景再现了一般, 展现了作者扎实的语言基础。范文2May 10th, Sunday RainyToday is Mothers Day. I prepared a lot of surprises for my mother.I

16、n the morning, I bought some flowers with my pocket money and put them in the vase. In the afternoon, I cooked a simple but delicious dinner for my family. After supper, I sang a love song for my mother and said “Happy Mothers Day” to her. Then I told her to take good care of herself and have a rest

17、 sometimes. I also promised to study harder and harder and to get good grades. Hearing my words, my mother was moved to tears.Today is a special day. Its warm and meaningful.参考译文5月10日, 星期天 雨今天是母亲节。我为妈妈准备了很多惊喜。早上, 我用零花钱买了一些花, 将它们放到了花瓶里。下午, 我为家人煮了一顿简单又美味的晚餐。晚饭后, 我为妈妈唱了一首情歌, 并且跟她说“母亲节快乐”。然后我告诉她要好好照顾她自己

18、, 有时候也要休息一下。我也承诺要好好学习, 取得好成绩。听到我的话后, 妈妈感动得流下了眼泪。今天是特别的一天, 温暖又有意义。亮点词汇1 prepare /v.准备2 surprise /n.惊喜3 pocket money 零花钱4 promise/v.承诺；许诺5 get good grades 取得好成绩6 meaningful有意义的出彩句型1 I cooked a dinner for .我为煮了一顿晚饭。2 I sang a love song for .我为唱了一首情歌。3 I told her to do sth.我告诉她要做某事。4 I promised to do st

19、h.我承诺做某事。5 My mother was moved to tears.我的妈妈感动得流下了眼泪。高分点评本文是一篇格式规范的日记, 包含开头各要素日期、星期和天气, 记述了母亲节时为妈妈庆祝节日的经过, 蕴含着作者深深的情感。本文出色的另一个原因在于动词短语的使用, 如“cook for ”“sing a love song for ”“promise to do sth.”等。Part 4 书信写法点拨书信, 分为倡议书、感谢信、申请信等类别, 写作时要注意以下几点：1. 称呼 称呼就是对收信人的称谓.从左边顶格写, 占一行。称呼一般在人名前加Dear, 如 Dear Mary,

20、Dear Mr Gao, Dear Miss Li等。2. 正文 正文是书信的主要部分。正文从称呼下隔一行开始, 开头空4个字母的位置。正文的开始部分和结束部分通常是一些固定套语。3. 结束语和签名 结束语写在正文下方的2-3行的位置, 从信纸中央偏右的地方写起。一般用Yours, 后加逗号, 然后另起一行, 写上写信人的姓名。签名通常要低于结束语一两行, 也是从信纸中央偏右的地方开始写起。必备词汇1 常用结束语Yours sincerely您真诚的Yours truly您忠实的Yours faithfully您忠实的Yours ever你永久的朋友Your loving granddaugh

21、ter你亲爱的外孙女2 提出建议advise建议suggest建议demand要求require要求request请求propose提议call for呼吁recommend提倡3表达感谢thank感谢appreciate感激grateful感激的repay回报必备句型1 书信开头常用语(1) Im very excited to learn that you will come to my home next week.知道你下周要来我家做客, 我非常高兴。(2) How are you getting along with your classmates recently?你最近和你的同学

22、相处得怎么样?(3) Now I tell you what I am going to do in the vacation.现在我要告诉你我假期将要做什么。(4) Im writing to express my interest in your company.我写信来是表达我对你的公司感兴趣。(5) How is everything going on with you?你一切都顺利吗?(6) Id like to tell you something about .我想要告诉你一些关于的事情。(7) Here is the information about .这是关于的信息。(8)

23、 Im glad/happy/pleased to receive your letter.收到你的来信, 我非常高兴。2书信结尾常用语(1) Im looking forward to your letter.我期待你的回信。(2) I will never forget those days that we spent together.我不会忘记我们在一起度过的那些日子。(3) I wish you to have a happy holiday. 我希望你有一个愉快的假期。(4) Hope to see you again.希望再次见到你。(5) As the season grows

24、 colder, I hope you will take good care of yourself.天气越来越冷了, 我希望你可以照顾好你自己。3 祝福语(1) Please give my best wishes to your parents.请转告你的父母我对他们最好的祝福。(2) Best wishes/regards to .最好的祝福给(3) I wish you a happy New Year.我祝你新年快乐。(4) I congratulate you upon your success.我祝贺你成功。(5) I wish you still further succes

25、s.我希望你可以更加成功。美文引路题目: 学校广播台开辟了“Thank you letter”英语专栏。假设你叫 Chen Feng, 你想在初中三年生活即将结束之际, 向你的同学Lin Wei 表达一下感谢之情。请按下面的要求给你的同学 Lin Wei 写一封感谢信, 词数不得少于80词。要求：1. 简述感谢的原因：2. 适当举例说明Lin Wei 对你的帮助；3. 谈谈自己的感受或想法。思路导航第1步：例文审题主体人称题目要求写一封感谢信, 以表达“我”对同学的感谢之情, 故主体人称应为第一人称“I”。主体时态由于题目里要求举例说明Lin Wei对“我”的帮助, 这是就过去的事情进行阐述,

26、 故主体时态用一般过去时。写作贴士文章给出了三大叙述要点, 写作时要围绕其展开；要点2要求举例说明, 写作时尤其要注意例子的生动性和典型性。第2步：列提纲(1) 简单描述感谢的原因；(2) 举例子说明Lin Wei对“我”的帮助；(3) 表达自己的看法和感受。第3步：参考词句(1) thank you; at the end of; helpful; each other .(2) forget; catch a high fever; stay at home; worry about; catch up with; close friends .(3) different; success

27、 .第4步：连句成篇Dear Lin Wei, I would like to thank you at the end of middle school life. You have been very kind and helpful since we knew each other.I will never forget that you have given me so much help. Last semester, I caught a high fever and had to stay at home for a week. When I was worrying about

28、 my lessons, you came to my home after school and helped me with every subject. With your help, I caught up with the others. Since then, we have been close friends. Thank you again. Even though we may go to different schools, well be friends forever. I wish you success in the future.Yours, Chen Feng

29、参考译文亲爱的林薇：在初中生活即将结束之际我想向你表达我的谢意。自从我们认识以来, 你一直非常友好, 给了我很大的帮助。我将永远不会忘记你给了我很大的帮助。上个学期, 我发高烧, 必须在家待一个星期。当我担心功课的时候, 你放学后来到我家, 帮助我学习每一门课。在你的帮助下, 我跟上了其他同学。从那以后, 我们成为了亲密的朋友。再次感谢你。尽管我们可能会去不同的学校, 我们将永远是朋友。我希望你以后取得成功。你的, 陈风普通书信范文1Dear Tracy, Im glad that youll come to Guangzhou to learn Chinese. Chinese is ver

30、y useful, but you will find it a little difficult because Chinese is quite different from English. You have to remember as many Chinese characters as possible. Its also important to do lots of reading and writing. Watching TV and listening to the radio will be helpful to your listening. You can lear

31、n Chinese not only from books but also from people around you. For example, you can talk with your Chinese neighbors in Chinese. If you have any question, please ask me. Im sure youll learn Chinese well.Hope to see you soon in Guangzhou.Yours, Xiao Ming参考译文亲爱的特蕾西：我很高兴你将要来广州学习中文。中文非常有用, 但是你会发现它有点难, 因

32、为中文和英文有很多的不同。你必须记住尽可能多的汉字。做大量的阅读和写作也很重要。看电视和听广播会对你的听力有帮助。你不仅可以从书本学习中文, 还可以向身边的人学习中文。例如, 你可以用中文和你的中国邻居交谈。如果你有任何的问题, 请向我询问。我相信你会学好中文的。期望不久后在广州见到你。你的, 肖明亮点词汇1 useful /adj.有用的2 (be) different from .与不同3 Chinese character 汉字4 listen to the radio 听广播5 be helpful to .对有帮助6 for example 例如出彩句型1 Im glad that

33、.我很高兴2 You will find it .你会发现3 Its also important to .做也很重要。4 You can learn . not only from . but also from .你不仅可以从学习, 还可以从学习5 If you have any question, please ask me.如果你有任何问题, 请向我询问。高分点评本文主要记述了给外国朋友学习中文的一些建议, 叙述有条有理, 逻辑连贯。规范的书信写作应包含称呼、开头套语、正文、祝福语、结束语和署名等部分, 这些在本文也有所体现。本文使用了一系列提出建议的句型, 如“You have to

34、 ”“Its also important to ”等, 使文章内容更丰富并具有条理性。范文2Dear Tony, I have just received your letter. I am really excited that you are going to come to China to see me. In your letter, you asked my suggestions about your travel plan. I strongly advise you to go to Beijing and Guangzhou. There are many places

35、of interest in Beijing, like the Palace Museum, the Great Wall. Guangzhou is famous for its delicious food. You can have a general understanding of China by visiting these two places.I hope you will enjoy your trip in China. I am looking forward to your coming.Yours ever, Chen Jie参考译文亲爱的托尼：我刚刚收到了你的来

36、信。知道你将要来中国看我, 我非常激动。在你的信中, 你问我关于你的旅行计划的建议。我强烈建议你去北京和广州。北京有很多名胜古迹, 比如故官、长城。广州因它的美食而著名。通过参观这两个地方, 你可以对中国有个全面的了解。我希望你可以享受在中国的旅程。我期待你的到来。你永远的朋友, 陈洁亮点词汇1 receive ones letter收到某人的来信2 suggestion /n.建议3 travel plan 旅行计划4 be famous for .因而著名5 general/adj.一般的, 大体的出彩句型1 I am really excited that .我对感到激动。2 You a

37、sked my suggestions about .你询问我关于的建议。3 I strongly advise you to .我强烈建议你去4 . is famous for .因而著名。5 Yon can have a general understanding of .你可以对有个大致的了解。高分点评这是一篇回信, 作者在信中回复了对朋友旅游计划的建议, 格式符合规范要求, 语气亲切而友善。文章词句使用地道, 读起来流畅连贯, 如句型“I am really excited about that ”“I strongly advise you to ”, 显示了作者扎实的语言功底。倡议

38、书范文1Dear Students, As we know, safety is the most important thing in our lives. So we should try our best to keep our safety. Firstly, we mustnt bring restricted knives or things to our school because these things may cause serious problems. Besides, do not have a bath in rivers or ponds without our

39、 parents permission. And we should be friendly to others, so fighting is strongly banned. Moreover, we should always pay attention to the traffic on our way to school or home. Furthermore, if we meet some emergency, we must call for help from the police or our teachers.In a word, it is very importan

40、t for us to keep the safety rules above.Yours, Wang Qiang参考译文亲爱的同学们：正如我们所知, 安全是我们生活中最重要的东西。所以我们应该尽可能地保证我们自己的安全。首先, 我们不能带管制刀具或管制物品到学校, 因为这些物品可能会造成严重的问题。除此以外, 没有父母的允许, 不要在湖泊或池塘里洗澡。我们应该对别人友好, 所以打架是被强烈禁止的。还有, 我们在上学或回家的路上, 要注意交通安全。还有就是, 如果我们遇到紧急情况, 我们一定要向警察或我们的老师寻求帮助。总而言之, 遵守以上的安全规则对我们来说很重要。你的, 王强亮点词汇1 s

41、afety/n.安全2 try our best to .尽我们最大的努力3 restricted /adj.受限制的4 permission /n.许可；允许5 ban /v.禁止出彩句型1 As we know, .就我们所知, 2 These things may cause serious problems.这些东西可能会造成严重的后果。3 We should be friendly to .我们应该对友好。4 We should pay attention to .我们应该注意5 We must call for help from .我们一定要向寻求帮助。高分点评本文从学生的安全问

42、题入手, 选题具有创新性, 贴近学生们的生活, 与学生们息息相关。在倡议方面, 文章以有条理的逻辑顺序, 提出了几项具有实用性的倡议。文章使用了较多精彩的句型, 如“We should pay attention to ”“We must call help from ”等, 具有很大的可鉴性。范文2Dear Friends, In order to make the environment more beautiful, we should do everything we can to protect it. Firstly, we should plant more trees and

43、flowers to make our city more beautiful. And always remember not to throw rubbish or pour waste water everywhere. As we all know, water is becoming less and less. So its quite necessary to save water. For example, turn the tap off after washing. At last, wed better ride a bike or take the bus when g

44、oing out instead of driving a car.In my opinion, if everyone tries his best to protect the environment, our city will become nicer and cleaner!Yours, Chen Liang参考译文亲爱的朋友：为了使我们的环境更加美丽, 我们应该尽我们所能来保护它。首先, 我们应该种更多的树和花, 来让我们的城市更加美丽。切记不要随处倒垃圾或废水。正如我们所知道的, 水(资源)越来越少了。所以节水相当有必要。例如, 洗手之后要关掉水龙头。最后, 我们外出时最好骑自行

45、车或乘坐公共汽车, 而不是开车。就我看来, 如果每个人都尽力去保护环境, 我们的城市将会变得更漂亮、更干净。你的, 陈亮亮点词汇1 protect /v.保护2 throw rubbish 扔垃圾3 less and less 越来越少4 turn off关掉5 instead of而不是；相反6 in my opinion 就我看来出彩句型1 In order to ., we should .为了, 我们应该2 Always remember not to .记住不要3 As we all know, .正如我们所知道的, 4 Its quite necessary to . 是相当有必要

46、的。5 Wed better .我们最好6 Our city will become nicer and cleaner!我们的城市将会变得更漂亮、更干净。高分点评本文抓住保护环境这一主题展开, 这和我们的生活息息相关, 从而拉近了与读者的距离。文章语言朴素简洁, 通俗易懂, 增加了倡议的力度。文中的句型丰富多彩, 如祈使句“Always remember not to ”“Its quite necessary to ”等, 增加了文章的风采。感谢信范文1Dear Father, The Fathers Day is coming and I would like to say “Happy Fathers Day” to you.To support our family, you have to work very hard. Sometimes you are so busy that you can