01袁隆平吴孟超-中考英语最新热点时文题型全面过关(全国通用)(原卷版).docx

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1、每周时事热点冲刺中考英语重难题型考前突破（全国通用）【原卷版】01 一稻济天下 肝胆两昆仑2021年5月22日，是让亿万中国人无比悲痛的一天。我们送别了送别两位科学巨匠袁隆平、吴孟超院士。一日之内痛失两位院士，人们的哀思如潮水般奔涌，向两位科学巨匠致以崇高敬意。他们的功勋，我们永远铭记。作为杂交水稻研究的开创者，袁隆平将水稻的杂交优势成功地应用于生产，为我国粮食安全、农业科学发展和世界粮食供给作出巨大贡献。作为中国肝脏外科的开拓者，吴孟超创立了肝脏“五叶四段”理论，使肝癌手术成功率由16%提高到98%以上一个是让中国人“端牢饭碗”的英雄，一个是救人无数的大医，他们在各自的领域追求卓越，为国为民

2、创造了骄人的业绩，赢得了社会的广泛赞誉。斯人已逝，精神不朽。一年前两位科学巨匠离我们而去，留下无尽的思念。但他们的精神如同璀璨的星辰，守护着这片热土，照亮我们砥砺前行的漫漫征途在思念的长河里，记忆永在，敬意永存！【题型速览】一、阅读理解（阅读单选、阅读判断、回答问题、阅读还原7选5、信息摘录、语篇翻译）1/25/26/29/30/32二、完形填空33三、语法选择38四、语法填空40五、短文填空（语境提示填空、汉语提示填空、综合填空、选词填空）44/45/46六、读写综合52七、书面表达53八、报纸杂志时文阅读（附）59【阅读单选5题】Think of some great minds you

3、like. You will probably find that their success didnt come easily. As “Father of Hybrid Rice（杂交水稻）”, Yuan Longping got over great difficulties and spent his whole life working to increase rice production and helping to feed the country with the largest population.Wu Mengchao, the “Father of Chinese

4、Hepatobiliary Surgery（肝胆外科）”, focused on saving peoples lives for nearly eighty years. He did more than 16,000 operations during his life. Holding the surgeons knife for such a long time deformed his fingers, but he still kept doing operations. Wu once said, “It would be my greatest happiness if I c

5、ould work at the operating table until the last moment of my life.”In 1969, in order to solve the problem of treating malaria（疟疾）, Tu Youyou, worked as head of a research team. They did different kinds of experiments. However, the results were not satisfactory. Instead of giving up, they kept trying

6、. Finally, in 1972, they made it! In 2015, at the age of 85, she received the Nobel Prize.Thomas Edison, the inventor of the light bulb believed that every failure was step towards success. He once said, “If I find 10,000 ways that wont work, I havent failed. I am not discouraged, because every wron

7、g try is another step forward.”Sometimes, their success was a surprise, even to themselves, even after a long time after their hard work. The famous scientist Alexander Fleming said, “When I woke up just after daybreak on 28th September, 1928, I just began another busy day with my research as I did

8、many days and nights before. And I certainly didnt plan to make a great difference to all medicine by discovering the worlds first antibiotic（抗生素）. But I guess thats exactly what I did.”Some people only became successful after their deaths. Not like Pablo Picasso who became famous and very rich duri

9、ng his lifetime, the artist Vincent Van Gogh only sold one painting all through his life and that was to a friend. But he kept painting and he painted more than 2,000 artworks in the following ten years. Now his paintings are very popular and they sell for millions of pounds.One thing all these peop

10、le have in common is that they never give up and stick to their goals no matter what happens.1What do Yuan Longping and Wu Mengchao have in common?AThey succeeded in solving world problems.BThey spent all their lives serving people.CThey achieved a lot in the medical field.DThey are remembered for t

11、heir happiness.2The underlined phrase deformed his fingers means _.Achanging the shape of his fingersBmade him feel downCgave him too much pressureDgot his fingers cut off3It is clear that _.APablo Picasso became famous after his deathBVincent Van Gogh painted 2,001 artworks in his lifeCit took Tu Y

12、ouyous team about 3 years to reach their goalDThomas Edison tried 10,000 ways before he invented the light bulb4When Alexander Fleming discovered the first antibiotic, he _.Afelt too tired too stay awakeBdidnt plan to study all medicineCknew exactly what his success meantDdidnt fully realize its imp

13、ortance5What does the writer mainly want to tell us?ANot everyone can be successful.BThe more difficulties, the better.CGreat achievements arent made naturally.DGreat hopes make great men.Salt in the soil has always made it impossible to grow crops. But thats now changing. Famous agriculturalist （农学

14、家）Yuan Longping said they would grow a special rice. They would turn 100 million mu of saline-alkali （盐碱的）land into farmland in the country over the next 10 years. In 2017, Yuans team successfully grew rice on the saline-alkali land in Jiangsu Province. It is called sea rice. Now they have made grea

15、t progress. Both China and many other countries around the world have large saline-alkali land. If all of it can be used to grow rice and grain, it is very important for food security （安全）. And it will help the UN zero-hunger goal come true. Yuan Longping was named as “Father of Hybrid Rice”. He hel

16、ped China make a great wonderfeeding nearly 20% of the worlds population with less than 9% of the worlds farmland. Then Yuan had a much bigger dreamto save the world from hunger. The world is seeing Chinas sea rice as a way to fight food insecurity. “I had a dream. Rice was as high as sorghum （高粱）；e

17、ars （穗）were as long as brooms; grains were as big as peanuts （花生）. I could actually enjoy the cool under the rice crops.” Yuan said of his childhood dream. And he was one step closer to his dream. “Im confident in the future of my country, and I want to do more for my motherland.” said Yuan.6What wa

18、s Yuan Longping?AA famous reporter.BA famous pianist.CA famous headmaster.DA famous agriculturalist.7What did Yuans team grow on the saline-alkali land in 2017?ACorn.BVegetables.CSea rice.DHybrid rice.8What will happen if all saline-alkali land around the world is turned into farmland?AThe people in

19、 China will stay away from hunger.BThe people in Africa will stay away from hunger.CThe people in many countries will stay away from hunger.DThe people in the world will stay away from hunger.9Yuan Longping helped China feed nearly _of the worlds population with less farmland.Aone fifthBone tenthCfo

20、ur fifthsDnine tenths10What was Yuan Longpings bigger dream?AThe rice was as high as sorghum.BHe could save the world from hunger.CThe ears were as long as brooms.DHe could enjoy the cool under the rice crops.Yuan Longping was a great scientist who was the first person to develop hybrid rice（杂交水稻）.

21、His research greatly solved the problem of the food shortage in the world.Yuan Longping started the research in 1964. He put forward the idea of hybrid rice, did experiments（实验）on the farm, and succeeded in 1973. The new technology was tested in many areas of South China in 1974, and then he continu

22、ed to test it in other areas. China has become the first country that can produce hybrid rice. Yuan made it possible togrow hybrid rice in large amounts, and he was called “Father of Hybrid Rice”.Besides being a respected（受人尊重的）scientist, he was also a romantic husband and a caring grandfather.Yuans

23、 granddaughters remembered that when he traveled to Hong Kong, he wanted to buy his wife a new watch, but it was too expensive, so he bought a candy instead. When he was 90 years old, his family held a birthday party. Hundreds of people came to the party. There was a moving moment: Yuan cut the firs

24、t piece of cake and immediately gave it to his wife. They also said that their grandfather paid much attention to their English and math studies. No matter how tired he was after work, he would still ask about their studies.Yuan Longping loved playing the violin, swimming and driving. Whats more, he

25、 had a special habit-playing Mahjong（麻将）with friends for an hour every evening to train his brain. Just like common people, the scientist laughed when he won and didnt hide his disappointment when he lost. When his requirement（请求）to build a research center was agreed to, he was very excited.This is

26、Yuan Longping: an ordinary（普通的）person who made great achievements.11Yuan Longping developed hybrid rice in order to _.Atest his idea in all areasBbuild a research centerCmake himself famous in ChinaDsolve the problem of the food shortage12What does the underlined word “put forward” mean in the passa

27、ge?A提出B质疑C猜测D捕捉13Yuan Longping bought _ for his wife in Hong Kong at last.Aa watchBa candyCa cakeDa violin14From the passage, we can learn that _.AYuan Longping tested the new technology in other areas in 1964Bon Yuan Longpings 90th birthday, he cut the first piece of cake for himselfCYuan Longping

28、paid much attention to his granddaughters English and math studiesDYuan Longping was good at hiding his feelings when he played Mahjong15Whats the main idea of the passage?AYuan Longpings different hobbies.BA great but common scientist-Yuan Longping.CThe scientific process to produce hybrid rice.DTh

29、e close relationship of Yuan Longpings family.“Father of hybrid rice” Yuan Longping passed away at 13:07 p.m. in Changsha of Hunan province, Xinhua reported on Saturday.The well-known agronomist(农学家) was born on the ninth day of the seventh month in 1930 of our Chinese lunar calendar. After graduati

30、ng from the then Southwest Agriculture(农业) Institute, he worked as a teacher at an agriculture school in Hunan.He is famous for developing the first hybrid rice strains.A series of natural disasters hit China in the 1960s. Yuan saw many people die of hunger every day. He was determined to grow more

31、effective crops by doing research.In 1964, he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had great advantages over others. Yuan was excited about his discovery. He then began to study the elements of this particular plant.In 1973, he started to cultivate(培养) a type of hybrid rice species(种类).

32、 It produced 20 percent more rice per unit than common ones. The next year they had a great success in seeding. This progress made China the worlds leader in rice production.He has helped save not only China but also the world from starvation. When China was faced with food shortage, he helped China

33、 create a great miracle, feeding nearly one-fifth of the worlds population with less than 9 percent of the worlds total land. When hundreds and thousands of people around the world were suffering from hunger, the hybrid rice was grown on a large scale(大规模地) in other countries, raising output and hel

34、ping pull them out of hunger.Data shows that in China, the planting area of hybrid rice is over 16 million hectares(公顷). It is about 57 percent of the total planting area of rice. And the hybrid rice has helped feed about 80 million people every year.16Where did Yuan Longping pass away?AIn Haikou.BI

35、n Changsha.CIn Chengdu.DIn Beijing.17Why did Yuan Longping become well-known?ABecause he was a well-known agronomist.BBecause he helped plant rice for farmers.CBecause he helped pull people out of hunger.DBecause he was born in Hunan province.18In what year did Yuan Longping achieve the great succes

36、s of seeding which made China a leader in rice production?A1964.B1973.C1974.D2020.19What does the underlined word “miracle” probably mean in Chinese?A意外B惊喜C奇迹D成功20Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?AYuan Longping was born in the 1930s.B57 percent of the total planting area o

37、f rice is for hybrid rice.CAbout 80 million people benefit from hybrid rice a year.DThe planting area of rice is over 16 million hectares.Saving the world might not be a big deal for Superman, but how about a normal person? Yuan Longping, a Chinese scientist, has saved people though he doesnt have a

38、ny magical powers. By producing hybrid (杂交), he has helped feed millions of hungry people.Yuan was born on Sept 7, 1930. After graduating from the then Southwest Agriculture (农业) Institute, he worked as a teacher at an agriculture school in Hunan.A series of natural disasters (天灾) hit China in the 1

39、960s. Yuan saw many people die of hunger every day. Since then, he has researched how to grow more effective crops. In 1964, he happened to find a natural hybrid rice plant that had great advantages over others. Yuan was excited about his discovery. He then began to study this particular plant. In 1

40、973, he started to cultivate (培养) a type of hybrid rice species (种类). It produced 20 percent more rice per unit than common ones. The seeding was very successful in the following year. This progress made China the worlds leader in rice production. More than 50 percent of Chinas total rice fields gro

41、w Yuans hybrid species. People call him the “Father of Hybrid Rice”.He has a dream. He hopes hybrid rice will grow as tall as Chinese sorghum (高粱) one day!Sadly, the father of hybrid rice passed away on May 22, 2021.The whole country were in great sadness. He is a hero who helped lift the country ou

42、t of hunger. He will live in our mind forever.21From the second and third paragraphs, we learn that Yuan Longping _.Awas born into a scientists familyBhas a magical power that helps him grow hybrid riceCgraduated from Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1930Dwas once a teacher at an agriculture schoo

43、l22Yuan Longping succeeded in seeding hybrid rice in _.A1960B1964C1973D197423According to the passage, we learn that Yuans hybrid rice _.Acan provide all Chinese people with riceBis grown in all of Chinas rice fieldsCmade China the worlds leader in rice productionDcan grow as tall as Chinese sorghum

44、24The story mainly talks about _.Adifferent rice speciesBhow to grow riceCthe “Father of Hybrid Rice”Dnatural disasters in China in the 1960s25In which part of a newspaper may you read this passage?AYOUR VOICE.BOUR WORLDCSCHOOL TIME.DREADING FUN.On May 22, 2021, Chinese scientist Yuan Longping passe

45、d away at 91. Yuan was an academician at the Chinese Academy of Engineering（中国工程院院士）. He spent over 50 years working on hybrid rice（杂交水稻）. People call him the “father of hybrid rice”.For Chinese families, rice is an important part of almost every meal. But in the past, not having enough rice was a b

46、ig problem. In the 1960s, people in China didnt have enough food to eat. Many people even died because of this. As a young student, Yuan was sad to see this. He decided to study agriculture（农业）. His mother worried this work would be hard. But Yuan said, “Having enough food was the most important thi

47、ng for us.”He spent four years looking for wild rice that could be crossed（杂交）with other plants. In 1964, he found it! In 1973, he grew the worlds first hybrid rice strain（品种）. It could reach a yield（出产量）of over 500 kg per mu, it could feed about 70,000, 000 more people every year! In later years, Yuan and his team kept on studying. In 1996, Yuan started growing super hybrid rice. Its output was even higher.Yuans hybrid rice is also grown around the world. People plant it in countries such as India, Vietnam（越南）and the US. It has pulled millio